Endüstriyel Biyoatık Karışımının Hidrotermal Yöntemle Birlikte Dönüşümü ve Cu2+ İyonları Adsorpsiyonuna Uygulanması

Abstract

Mevcut çalışmada, fındık ve fıstık kabuklarının birlikte hidrotermal karbonizasyonu (ko-HTK) ile karbon esaslı yeni bir ürün (HPSHC) elde edildi. Fındık ve fıstık kabukları kütlece 1:1 karışma oranında karıştırılıp 220 oC sıcaklıkta 6 saat reaksiyon süresinde ko-HTK işlemine tabi tutuldu. Üretilen HPSHC’nin atomik karbon içeriği, kütle verimi, üst ısıl değer ve enerji yoğunluğu gibi fizikokimyasal karakteristikleri belirlendi. Ayrıca yüzey fonksiyonel gruplarını belirlemek için fourier transform kızılötesi spektrumu (FTIR) ve yüzey morfolojisini aydınlatmak için taramalı elektron mikroskop (SEM) görüntüleri alındı. HPSHC sulu çözeltiden bakır iyonları (Cu(II)) adsorpsiyonunda adsorplayıcı olarak kullanıldı. Adsorpsiyonun kinetik ve izoterm modellemesi yapılarak, sisteme ilişkin hız ve denge parametreleri hesaplandı. Kinetik çalışmalar, adsorpsiyonun yalancı-ikinci dereceden kinetik modeli ile uyumlu olduğunu ve izoterm çalışmaları ise Langmuir adsorpsiyon izotermine uygunluğunu gösterdi. HPSHC için maksimum Cu(II) adsorpsiyon kapasitesi (qm) 39.90 mg/g olarak hesaplandı. Ayrıca denge sabitleri kullanılarak yapılan termodinamiksel hesaplamalar sonucu, HPSHC üzerinde Cu(II) adsorpsiyonunun kendiliğinden ve endotermik bir süreç olduğu gözlemlendi.

Keywords

• Birlikte-hidrotermal karbonizasyon
• Cu(II)
• Fındık kabuğu
• Fıstık kabuğu
• İzoterm
• Kinetik

Co-conversion of Industrial Biowaste Mixtures by Hydrothermal Method and Application to Cu2+ Adsorption

Abstract

In present work, a novel carbonaceous product (HPSHC) was obtained by hydrothermal co-carbonization (co-HTC) of hazelnut and peanut shells (HS and PS). HS and PS were mixed at a mixing ratio of 1:1 by mass and subjected to co-HTC treatment at 220°C for 6 hours’ reaction time. The physicochemical characteristics of the produced HPSHC such as atomic carbon content, mass yield, higher heating value and energy density were determined. In addition, attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was taken to determine the surface functional groups and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken to highlight the surface morphology. HPSHC was utilize as a sorbent sample in copper ions (Cu(II)) adsorption. The rate and equilibrium parameters of the system were calculated by kinetic and isotherm modeling of the adsorption. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption was consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model, and isotherm studies showed that it was obeyed the Langmuir model. A theoretical maximal uptake capacity (qm) was calculated 39.90 mg/g. In addition, as a result of thermodynamic calculations using equilibrium constants, it was observed that the adsorption of Cu(II) on HPSHC is a spontaneous and endothermic process.

Keywords

• Co-hydrothermal carbonization
• Cu(II)
• Hazelnut shell
• Peanut shell
• Isotherm
• Kinetic

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