ANALYSIS OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, VOLATILE COMPONENTS, AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN THE AERIAL PARTS OF GLAUCIUM FLAVUM PLANT

Abstract

In this study, the phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of the aerial parts of Glaucium flavum were investigated. As a result of HPLC-DAD and SPME-GC-MS analyses, benzaldehyde (37.47%) and 1-hexanal-2-ethyl (33.87%) were detected in high amounts among volatile compounds, while pyrogallol (3089.23 mg/kg) and caffeic acid (384.06 mg/kg) were prevalent among phenolic compounds, and rutin (16000 mg/kg) and catechin (649.58 mg/kg) were identified in significant quantities among flavonoids. Additionally, the ascorbic acid content of the plant was determined to be 1078.17 mg/kg. The total phenolic content was measured as 13.84±0.46 mg GAE/g, and the total flavonoid content as 7.65±0.22 mg QE/g, while FRAP (10.98±0.22 µmol Fe²⁺/g) and CUPRAC (0.11±0.01 mmol TEAC/g) tests confirmed strong antioxidant potential. The findings indicate that Glaucium flavum could be a valuable resource in pharmacological studies due to its rich phytochemical content and antioxidant activity.

Keywords

• Glaucium flavum
• phenolic compounds
• flavonoids
• antioxidant activity
• phytochemical profile

GLAUCIUM FLAVUM BİTKİSİNİN TOPRAK ÜSTÜ KISIMLARINDA BULUNAN FENOLİK BİLEŞİKLERİN, UÇUCU BİLEŞENLERİN VE ANTİOKSİDAN KAPASİTENİN ANALİZİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Glaucium flavum'un toprak üstü kısımlarının fitokimyasal bileşimi ve antioksidan özellikleri araştırılmıştır. HPLC-DAD ve SPME-GC-MS analizleri sonucunda, uçucu bileşikler arasında benzaldehit (%37.47) ve 1-hekzanal-2-etil (%33.87), fenolik bileşikler içerisinde pirogallol (3089.23 mg/kg) ve kafeik asit (384.06 mg/kg), flavonoidler arasında ise rutin (16000 mg/kg) ve kateşin (649.58 mg/kg) yüksek miktarlarda tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bitkinin askorbik asit içeriği 1078.17 mg/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik içerik 13.84±0.46 mg GAE/g, toplam flavonoid içerik 7.65±0.22 mg QE/g olarak ölçülürken, FRAP (10.98±0.22 µmol Fe²⁺/g) ve CUPRAC (0.11±0.01 mmol TEAC/g) testleri güçlü antioksidan potansiyeli doğrulamıştır. Bulgular, Glaucium flavum'un zengin fitokimyasal içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi nedeniyle farmakolojik çalışmalarda değerli bir kaynak olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Glaucium flavum
• fenolik bileşikler
• flavonoidler
• antioksidan aktivite
• fitokimyasal profil.

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