Research Article

Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911)

Volume: 13 Number: 1 June 28, 2026
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Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911)

Abstract

Between 1905 and 1911, the Russian, Iranian, and Young Turk revolutions not only reshaped the internal dynamics of the respective nation-states but also profoundly transformed the ideological orientations and political mobilisation processes of the populations inhabiting the peripheral regions of multiethnic empires. Azerbaijani Turks, who lived under both Russian and Iranian autocracies, redefined their processes of modernisation and political awareness under the influence of these revolutions. During this period, a notable shift occurred toward various ideological currents, including socialism, Pan-Islamism, Pan-Turkism, and nationalist movements advocating for independence. The 1905 Russian Revolution laid the groundwork for the spread of concepts such as national socialism and social democracy, triggering new political debates among the Azerbaijani intelligentsia. The Iranian Constitutional Revolution, particularly with the resistance centred in Tabriz, brought Pan-Azerbaijani aspirations to the surface. In this context, constitutional demands and socialist struggles became intertwined among Azerbaijani Turks, converging in a shared pursuit of social transformation and political rights. The Young Turk Revolution facilitated the institutionalisation of Pan-Turkism across the Turkic world and enabled Azerbaijani intellectuals to collaborate with Ottoman ideologues, allowing this ideology to be transmitted into the Transcaucasian region. This study highlights the critical role of the revolutionary processes between 1905 and 1911 in the political and ideological transformation of the Azerbaijani Turks. The developments of this period offer a significant reference point for understanding not only the internal dynamics of the Azerbaijani Turks but also their interactions with regional and global political movements

Keywords

References

  1. Abrahamian, Ervand, Iran Between Two Revolutions, Princeton University Press, New Jersey 1982.
  2. Afary, Janet, The Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1906–1911: Grassroots Democracy, Social Democracy, and the Origins of Feminism. Columbia University Press, New York 1996.
  3. Ağaoğlu, Ahmed, İran ve Devrimi, Azerneşr, Baku 2009.
  4. Alekberov, Faik, Milli İdeoloji Problemine Tarihi-Felsefi Bakış, II. Bölüm, Elm ve Tahsil, Baku 2014.
  5. Altstadt, Audrey L, “Azerbaijani Turks’ Response to Russian Conquest”, Studies in Comparative Communism, Vol. 19, No. 3/4, (1986), pp. 267–286.
  6. Altstadt, Audrey L, The Azerbaijani Turks Power and Identity under Russian Rule, Hoover Institution Press, California 1992.
  7. Altstadt, Audrey L, The Politics of Culture in Soviet Azerbaijan 1920-1940, Routledge, New York 2016.
  8. Anderson, Benedict, Hayali Cemaatler: Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması, çev. İskender Savaşır, 2. Bs., Metis Yayınları, İstanbul 1995.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Modern Turkish History

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 28, 2026

Submission Date

July 28, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 18, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 13 Number: 1

APA
Bayramov, A. (2026). Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911). Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1), 100-126. https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1752503
AMA
1.Bayramov A. Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911). MUJOT. 2026;13(1):100-126. doi:10.16985/mtad.1752503
Chicago
Bayramov, Amrah. 2026. “Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911)”. Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 13 (1): 100-126. https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1752503.
EndNote
Bayramov A (June 1, 2026) Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911). Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 13 1 100–126.
IEEE
[1]A. Bayramov, “Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911)”, MUJOT, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 100–126, June 2026, doi: 10.16985/mtad.1752503.
ISNAD
Bayramov, Amrah. “Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911)”. Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 13/1 (June 1, 2026): 100-126. https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1752503.
JAMA
1.Bayramov A. Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911). MUJOT. 2026;13:100–126.
MLA
Bayramov, Amrah. “Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911)”. Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 100-26, doi:10.16985/mtad.1752503.
Vancouver
1.Amrah Bayramov. Ideological Transformation of Azerbaijani Turks During Three Revolutions (1905-1911). MUJOT. 2026 Jun. 1;13(1):100-26. doi:10.16985/mtad.1752503

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