Research Article
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The Effect of Digital Image Guide Method on Visual Literacy Skills of Turkish Teacher Candidates

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 654 - 682

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the Digital Image Guide Method on the visual literacy skills of Turkish language teacher candidates. The research was conducted during the 2021-2022 academic year with 70 Turkish language teacher candidates enrolled in the Turkish Language Teaching program at Akdeniz University. The "Visual Literacy Scale" developed by Arslan and Nalıncı (2012) was used to measure visual literacy skills. In this context, pre-tests and post-tests were administered to the participants.
Initially, the visual literacy scale was applied to determine the visual literacy levels of the participants. Subsequently, the participants received a total of 3 hours of training over 9 lessons, focusing on the definition of digital images, known as the DIG Method. After the training, the visual literacy scale (post-test) was reapplied, and the research was concluded. Additionally, to obtain more in-depth information, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher was used with 16 voluntary Turkish language teacher candidates who participated in the study.
At the end of the research, dependent groups t-test analysis was conducted for the sub-dimensions that showed a normal distribution based on the pre-test and post-test results, while the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to the sub-dimensions that did not show a normal distribution. A significant difference was observed in the mean total scores. The post-test mean scores of the group were higher than the pre-test mean scores. Overall, the Turkish language teacher candidates who participated in the DIG Method training reported that the DIG Method was beneficial in various aspects.

References

  • ACRL. (2011). ACRL visual literacy competency standards for higher education. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/visualliteracy
  • Aisami, R. S. (2015). Learning styles and visual literacy for learning and performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 176, 538-545
  • Arslan, R., ve Nalinci, G. Z. (2014). Development of visual literacy levels scale in higher education. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 13(2), 61-70.
  • Ateş, M. (2023). Yazma Becerisinin Öğretiminde Kullanılan Yöntem ve Tekniklerin Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Yazma Etkinliklerinde Kullanımının İncelenmesi. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (AKEF) Dergisi, 5(3), 1173-1182.
  • Ateş, S. ve Küçük, S. (2023). Öğretmenlerin bilgi güvenliği farkındalık ve dijital okuryazarlık durumlarının incelenmesi. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 491-534. https://doi.org/10.51119/ereegf.2023.66
  • Ausburn, L. J., ve Ausburn, F. B. (1978). Visual literacy: Background, theory and practice. Programmed Learning and Educational Technology, 15(4), 291-297.
  • Avgerinou, M.D., & Pettersson, R. (2011). Toward a cohesive theory of visual literacy. Journal of Visual Literacy, 30(2), 1-19.
  • Avvisati, F. (2020). Where did reading proficiency improve over time?. PISA in Focus, No. 103, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/e54d62dc-en.
  • Baker, L. (2015). How Many Words Is a Picture Worth? Integrating Visual Literacy in Language Learning with Photographs. In English Teaching Forum (Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 2-13).
  • Baltacı, A. (2017). Miles-Huberman Model in Qualitative Data Analysis [Nitel veri analizinde Miles-Huberman modeli]. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(1), 1-14.
  • Bittman, M., Rutherford, L., Brown, J., & Unsworth, L. (2011). Digital natives? New and old media and children’s outcomes. Australian Journal of Education, 55(2), 161–175. https://doi.org/10.1177/000494411105500206
  • Brown, C. W. (2022). Taking action through redesign: Norwegian EFL learners engaging in critical visual literacy practices. Journal of Visual Literacy, 41(2), 91-112.
  • Cheung, C. K., & Jhaveri, A. D. (2016). Developing students' critical thinking skills through visual literacy in the New Secondary School Curriculum in Hong Kong. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 36(3), 379-389.
  • Christie, E. J. (2017). Literacy. The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature in Britain, 1-9.
  • Chung, S. K. (2013). Critical visual literacy. The International Journal of Arts Education, 11(2), 1–36.
  • Cooper, J. (2003). Classroom Teaching Skills. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin
  • Costa, G. D. S. ve Xavier, A. C. (2016). Critical visual literacy: The new phase of applied linguistics in the era of mobile technology. New perspectives on teaching and working with languages in the digital era, 201-212.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches [Araştırma deseni: Nitel, nicel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları]. Eğiten Kitap.
  • Crowley, D., & Heyer, P. (2014). Communication in history [İletişim tarihi]. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi. Debes, J. (1969). The loom of visual literacy: An overview. Audiovisual Instruction, 74(8), 25-27.
  • Direkçi, B., Akbulut, S. ve Şimşek, B. (2019). Türkçe dersi öğretim programı (2018) ve ortaokul Türkçe ders kitaplarının dijital okuryazarlık becerileri bağlamında incelenmesi. Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(16), 797-813.
  • Elmore, P. G., & Coleman, J. M. (2019). Middle school students’ analysis of political memes to support critical media literacy. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 63(1), 29-40.
  • Ervine, M. D. (2016). Visual literacy in instructional design programs. Journal of Visual Literacy, 35(2), 104-113.
  • Farrell, T. A. (2015). Visual literacy (VL) in teacher preparation: Measurement to direction. Journal of Visual Literacy, 34(1), 89-104.
  • Felten, P. (2008). Visual literacy. Change: The magazine of higher learning, 40(6), 60-64.
  • Freedman, K. (2019). Visual culture and visual literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Art and Design Education, 1-10.
  • Freedman, K. (2019). Visual culture and visual literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Art and Design Education, 1-10.
  • Freire, P. (2007). Pedagogy of autonomy knowledge necessary for educational practice (35 b.). São Paulo: Paz e Terra.
  • Gangwer, T. (2009). Visual impact, visual teaching: Using images to strengthen learning. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • George, D. ve Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS Statistics 23 Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference (14 b.). New York: Routledge.
  • Guinibert, M. (2020). Learn from your environment: A visual literacy learning model. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 36(4), 173-188.
  • Günbay, İ. (2019). Nitel araştırmada veri analizi: Tema analizi, betimsel analiz, içerik analizi ve analitik genelleme. Web: http://www. nirvanasosyal. com/h-392-nitel-arastirmada-veri-analizi-tema-analizi-betimsel-analiz-icerik-analizi-veanalitik-genelleme. html adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Güney, Z. (2019). Visual literacy and visualization in instructional design and technology for learning environments. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 8(1), 103-117.
  • Hobbs, R. (2010). Digital and media literacy: A plan of action. Knight Commission on the Information Needs of Communities in a Democracy. Washington, DC: Aspen Institute.
  • Kędra, J., & Žakevičiūtė, R. (2019). Visual literacy practices in higher education: what, why and how?. Journal of Visual Literacy, 38(1-2), 1-7.
  • Kennedy, C. R. (2020). Study of Publishing Patterns in Visual Literacy and Education. Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America, 39(2), 200-218.
  • Koltay, T. (2019). Visual Literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Media Literacy, 1-6.
  • Krčelić, P., & Matijević, A. S. (2015). A picture and a thousand words: Visual tools in ELT. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Language Conference on the Importance of Learning Professional Foreign Languages for Communication Between Cultures. 110-114.
  • Lester, P. M. (2017). Visual communication: Images with messages (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth.
  • Luna, S. M., & Candel, E. C. (2019). Vídeo participativo y alfabetización visual: Desafíos y oportunidades para el cambio social y educativo. Obra digital: revista de comunicación, (17), 77-91.
  • Miles, M. B. ve Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. USA: Sage Publications.
  • Nalinci, G., ve Yapıcı, M. (2015). A discussion of the practicality of the visual literacy competency standards for higher education. Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 5(3), 225-241.
  • OECD (2021), 21st-Century Readers: Developing Literacy Skills in a Digital World, PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/a83d84cb-en.
  • Papen, U. (2020). Using picture books to develop critical visual literacy in primary schools: challenges of a dialogic approach. Literacy, 54(1), 3-10.
  • Rahimi, F., Rahimi, S., & Nushi, M. (2021). Investigating the Effect of Digital Image Guide on Visual Literacy. Iranian Journal of Information processing and Management, 37(2), 617-639.
  • Robinson‐Pant, A. (2018). Literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology, 1-2.
  • Romero, E., & Bobkina, J. (2017). Teaching visual literacy through memes in the language classroom. In K. Donaghy, & D. Xerri (Eds.), The image in English language teaching (pp. 59–69). ELT Council Publisher. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/The_Image_in_English_Language_Teaching.pdf
  • Roser, M., & Ortiz-Ospina, E. (2016). Literacy. Our World in Data. 'https://ourworldindata.org/literacy'
  • Rowsell, J., McLean, C., & Hamilton, M. (2012). Visual literacy as a classroom approach. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 55(5), 444–447
  • Supsakova, B. (2016). Visual literacy for the 21st century. IJAEDU-International E-Journal of Advances in Education, 2(5), 202-208.
  • Sur, E. (2022). Okuryazarlık Kavramı ve Türkiye’deki Okuryazarlık Araştırmaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 445-467.
  • Şimşek, E. E. (2022). Çocukların medya ile ilişkilerinde temel sorunlar. Medya okuryazarlığı eğitimi (1. Baskı, ss. 61-86) içinde. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Thompson, D. S. (2019). Teaching students to critically read digital images: A visual literacy approach using the DIG Method. Journal of Visual Literacy, 38(1-2), 110-119.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Qualitative research methods in the social sciences [Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri]. Seçkin Yayıncılık.

Dijital Görüntü Kılavuzu Metodu’nun Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Görsel Okuryazarlık Becerisine Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 654 - 682

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı Dijital Görüntü Kılavuzu Metodu’nun Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının görsel okuryazarlık becerilerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği bölümünde eğitim gören 70 Türkçe öğretmeni adayına uygulanmıştır. Görsel okuryazarlık becerilerinin ölçülmesi için Arslan ve Nalinci (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Görsel Okuryazarlık Ölçeği”nden faydalanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda katılımcılara ön test ve son test yapılmıştır. Araştırmada ilk olarak, katılımcıların görsel okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirleyebilmek amacıyla görsel okuryazarlık ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılara daha sonra DIG Metodu olarak bilinen dijital görüntülerin tanımı yoluyla 9 dersten oluşan toplam 3 saatlik eğitim verilmiştir. Daha sonra, tekrar görsel okuryazarlık ölçeği (son test) uygulanarak araştırma sonlandırılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, daha derinlemesine bilgi elde edebilmek amacıyla çalışmaya katılan ve gönüllü olan 16 Türkçe öğretmeni adayına araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilmiş yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda ön test ve son test sonuçlarına göre normal dağılım gösteren alt boyutlarda bağımlı gruplar için t-testi analizi yapılmış, normal dağılım göstermeyen alt boyutlara ise Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi yapılmıştır. Toplam puan ortalamalarında anlamlı fark olduğu görülmektedir. Grubun son test puan ortalaması ön test puan ortalamasından yüksektir. DIG Metodu etkinliğine katılan Türkçe öğretmeni adayları yapılan görüşmeler genel olarak ele alındığında Türkçe öğretmeni adayları DIG Metodu’nun birçok açıdan faydalı olduğunu aktarmışlardır.

References

  • ACRL. (2011). ACRL visual literacy competency standards for higher education. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/visualliteracy
  • Aisami, R. S. (2015). Learning styles and visual literacy for learning and performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 176, 538-545
  • Arslan, R., ve Nalinci, G. Z. (2014). Development of visual literacy levels scale in higher education. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 13(2), 61-70.
  • Ateş, M. (2023). Yazma Becerisinin Öğretiminde Kullanılan Yöntem ve Tekniklerin Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Yazma Etkinliklerinde Kullanımının İncelenmesi. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (AKEF) Dergisi, 5(3), 1173-1182.
  • Ateş, S. ve Küçük, S. (2023). Öğretmenlerin bilgi güvenliği farkındalık ve dijital okuryazarlık durumlarının incelenmesi. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 491-534. https://doi.org/10.51119/ereegf.2023.66
  • Ausburn, L. J., ve Ausburn, F. B. (1978). Visual literacy: Background, theory and practice. Programmed Learning and Educational Technology, 15(4), 291-297.
  • Avgerinou, M.D., & Pettersson, R. (2011). Toward a cohesive theory of visual literacy. Journal of Visual Literacy, 30(2), 1-19.
  • Avvisati, F. (2020). Where did reading proficiency improve over time?. PISA in Focus, No. 103, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/e54d62dc-en.
  • Baker, L. (2015). How Many Words Is a Picture Worth? Integrating Visual Literacy in Language Learning with Photographs. In English Teaching Forum (Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 2-13).
  • Baltacı, A. (2017). Miles-Huberman Model in Qualitative Data Analysis [Nitel veri analizinde Miles-Huberman modeli]. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(1), 1-14.
  • Bittman, M., Rutherford, L., Brown, J., & Unsworth, L. (2011). Digital natives? New and old media and children’s outcomes. Australian Journal of Education, 55(2), 161–175. https://doi.org/10.1177/000494411105500206
  • Brown, C. W. (2022). Taking action through redesign: Norwegian EFL learners engaging in critical visual literacy practices. Journal of Visual Literacy, 41(2), 91-112.
  • Cheung, C. K., & Jhaveri, A. D. (2016). Developing students' critical thinking skills through visual literacy in the New Secondary School Curriculum in Hong Kong. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 36(3), 379-389.
  • Christie, E. J. (2017). Literacy. The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature in Britain, 1-9.
  • Chung, S. K. (2013). Critical visual literacy. The International Journal of Arts Education, 11(2), 1–36.
  • Cooper, J. (2003). Classroom Teaching Skills. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin
  • Costa, G. D. S. ve Xavier, A. C. (2016). Critical visual literacy: The new phase of applied linguistics in the era of mobile technology. New perspectives on teaching and working with languages in the digital era, 201-212.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches [Araştırma deseni: Nitel, nicel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları]. Eğiten Kitap.
  • Crowley, D., & Heyer, P. (2014). Communication in history [İletişim tarihi]. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi. Debes, J. (1969). The loom of visual literacy: An overview. Audiovisual Instruction, 74(8), 25-27.
  • Direkçi, B., Akbulut, S. ve Şimşek, B. (2019). Türkçe dersi öğretim programı (2018) ve ortaokul Türkçe ders kitaplarının dijital okuryazarlık becerileri bağlamında incelenmesi. Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(16), 797-813.
  • Elmore, P. G., & Coleman, J. M. (2019). Middle school students’ analysis of political memes to support critical media literacy. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 63(1), 29-40.
  • Ervine, M. D. (2016). Visual literacy in instructional design programs. Journal of Visual Literacy, 35(2), 104-113.
  • Farrell, T. A. (2015). Visual literacy (VL) in teacher preparation: Measurement to direction. Journal of Visual Literacy, 34(1), 89-104.
  • Felten, P. (2008). Visual literacy. Change: The magazine of higher learning, 40(6), 60-64.
  • Freedman, K. (2019). Visual culture and visual literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Art and Design Education, 1-10.
  • Freedman, K. (2019). Visual culture and visual literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Art and Design Education, 1-10.
  • Freire, P. (2007). Pedagogy of autonomy knowledge necessary for educational practice (35 b.). São Paulo: Paz e Terra.
  • Gangwer, T. (2009). Visual impact, visual teaching: Using images to strengthen learning. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • George, D. ve Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS Statistics 23 Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference (14 b.). New York: Routledge.
  • Guinibert, M. (2020). Learn from your environment: A visual literacy learning model. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 36(4), 173-188.
  • Günbay, İ. (2019). Nitel araştırmada veri analizi: Tema analizi, betimsel analiz, içerik analizi ve analitik genelleme. Web: http://www. nirvanasosyal. com/h-392-nitel-arastirmada-veri-analizi-tema-analizi-betimsel-analiz-icerik-analizi-veanalitik-genelleme. html adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Güney, Z. (2019). Visual literacy and visualization in instructional design and technology for learning environments. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 8(1), 103-117.
  • Hobbs, R. (2010). Digital and media literacy: A plan of action. Knight Commission on the Information Needs of Communities in a Democracy. Washington, DC: Aspen Institute.
  • Kędra, J., & Žakevičiūtė, R. (2019). Visual literacy practices in higher education: what, why and how?. Journal of Visual Literacy, 38(1-2), 1-7.
  • Kennedy, C. R. (2020). Study of Publishing Patterns in Visual Literacy and Education. Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America, 39(2), 200-218.
  • Koltay, T. (2019). Visual Literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Media Literacy, 1-6.
  • Krčelić, P., & Matijević, A. S. (2015). A picture and a thousand words: Visual tools in ELT. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Language Conference on the Importance of Learning Professional Foreign Languages for Communication Between Cultures. 110-114.
  • Lester, P. M. (2017). Visual communication: Images with messages (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth.
  • Luna, S. M., & Candel, E. C. (2019). Vídeo participativo y alfabetización visual: Desafíos y oportunidades para el cambio social y educativo. Obra digital: revista de comunicación, (17), 77-91.
  • Miles, M. B. ve Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. USA: Sage Publications.
  • Nalinci, G., ve Yapıcı, M. (2015). A discussion of the practicality of the visual literacy competency standards for higher education. Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 5(3), 225-241.
  • OECD (2021), 21st-Century Readers: Developing Literacy Skills in a Digital World, PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/a83d84cb-en.
  • Papen, U. (2020). Using picture books to develop critical visual literacy in primary schools: challenges of a dialogic approach. Literacy, 54(1), 3-10.
  • Rahimi, F., Rahimi, S., & Nushi, M. (2021). Investigating the Effect of Digital Image Guide on Visual Literacy. Iranian Journal of Information processing and Management, 37(2), 617-639.
  • Robinson‐Pant, A. (2018). Literacy. The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology, 1-2.
  • Romero, E., & Bobkina, J. (2017). Teaching visual literacy through memes in the language classroom. In K. Donaghy, & D. Xerri (Eds.), The image in English language teaching (pp. 59–69). ELT Council Publisher. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/The_Image_in_English_Language_Teaching.pdf
  • Roser, M., & Ortiz-Ospina, E. (2016). Literacy. Our World in Data. 'https://ourworldindata.org/literacy'
  • Rowsell, J., McLean, C., & Hamilton, M. (2012). Visual literacy as a classroom approach. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 55(5), 444–447
  • Supsakova, B. (2016). Visual literacy for the 21st century. IJAEDU-International E-Journal of Advances in Education, 2(5), 202-208.
  • Sur, E. (2022). Okuryazarlık Kavramı ve Türkiye’deki Okuryazarlık Araştırmaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 445-467.
  • Şimşek, E. E. (2022). Çocukların medya ile ilişkilerinde temel sorunlar. Medya okuryazarlığı eğitimi (1. Baskı, ss. 61-86) içinde. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Thompson, D. S. (2019). Teaching students to critically read digital images: A visual literacy approach using the DIG Method. Journal of Visual Literacy, 38(1-2), 110-119.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Qualitative research methods in the social sciences [Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri]. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nuri İbrahim Karabudak 0000-0003-2284-2690

Mevlüt Gülmez 0000-0002-4082-0164

Early Pub Date October 4, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date June 5, 2024
Acceptance Date October 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karabudak, N. İ., & Gülmez, M. (2024). Dijital Görüntü Kılavuzu Metodu’nun Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Görsel Okuryazarlık Becerisine Etkisi. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 654-682.