COVID-19 SALGINI DÖNEMİNDE TEMEL GELİR UYGULAMASI TARTIŞMALARI

Year 2022, , 2121 - 2142, 30.12.2022

Melike Çallı Kaplan

https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1122500

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, tüm dünyaya hızlı bir şekilde yayılan Covid-19 salgınının, dünyanın dört bir yanındaki toplumlarda ve ekonomilerde yarattığı şok etkilere karşı hükümetlerin aldığı temel önlemler ve bilhassa vatandaşlarına evrensel temel gelir sağlama ile ilgili tartışmalar üzerinde durulmaktadır. Covid-19 salgınının olumsuz etkisi karşısında hükümetlerin vatandaşlarına evrensel temel geliri mi yoksa alternatif sosyal koruma önlemleri ile geçici temel gelir mi sağlaması tartışılmaktadır. Tartışma yapılırken belirli ülkeler seçilmektedir. Tartışma, vaka sayıları yüksek olan ülkeler arasından gerek geçici gerekse evrensel temel gelir uygulamasını gündemine alan ve pilot çalışma başlatan ülkeler ile temel gelir uygulaması ile ön plana çıkan ülkeler seçilerek yapılmıştır. Ülkelerin Covid-19 döneminde sosyal koruma uygulamaları ISSA (Uluslararası Sosyal Güvenlik Teşkilatı) sayfasından ve mali destek uygulaması IMF (Uluslararası Para Fonu) sayfasından alınarak literatür taraması ile birleştirilip analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ülkelerin Covid-19 salgınına karşı öncelikli olarak kısa vadeli ve geçici bir dönemi kapsayacak şekilde sosyal koruma önlemlerine yöneldikleri ortaya konulmuştur. Ancak bu çalışmada, ülkelerin Covid-19 salgını, doğal afetler, savaş vb. durumlarda uzun vadede ve daha kapsamlı olacak şekilde uygulamalara yönelmeleri gerektiği özellikle evrensel temel gelir uygulamasına geçmesinin yerinde olacağı vurgulanmaktadır.

Keywords

Covid-19 Salgını, Sosyal Koruma, Temel Gelir

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