PROVISORS VE PRAEMUNIRE YASALARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE TAHT VE PAPALIK İLİŞKİLERİ

Year 2021, , 331 - 342, 30.03.2021

Pınar Ülgen , Gülnur Özer

https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.890858

Abstract

Orta Çağ’da Avrupa’da genel itibariyle krallık ve kilise arasında rekabet ve çatışma sahnelerine çokça rastlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla aynı durum, Orta Çağ İngiltere’sinde de görülmektedir. Çünkü Kilise, hukuken Papalığa bağlı olan bir kurumdu. Krallar ve Papalar, İngiliz din adamlarının sadakat ile bağlılıklarını sundukları efendileri idiler. Bunun yanı sıra din adamları ve dini kurumlar da Orta Çağ İngiltere’sindeki ekonomik hayatta çok etkin bir yere sahiplerdi. Yasalar konusunda da geniş yetkilere sahip olan Kilisenin üstünlük iddiaları bir çatışma sürecinin yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Bunların en önemlileri ise krallık ve papalık arasındaki ilişkilerde bir dönüm noktası niteliğinde olan 1351 yılında yayınlanan Provisors Yasası ve 1353 yıllarında çıkarılan Praemunire Yasalarıdır. Bu yasalar ile on üçüncü yüzyılın başlarından beri İngiltere'de büyüyen anti-papalık duygusu belirginleşmiş ve hatta bölge yasalarında kalıcı hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada da Krallık ve Kilise arasındaki güç çatışması, bu yasalar çerçevesinde değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.

Keywords

Orta Çağ, Provisors Yasası, Praemunire Yasası, Papalık, İngiltere

THE THRONE AND PAPAL RELATIONS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE STATUTE OF PROVISORS AND PRAEMUNIRE LAWS

Abstract

In the Middle Ages, the kingdom and the scene of rivalry and conflict with each other are frequently encountered.Therefore, the same situation is seen in the Middle Ages England.Because the Church was an institution legally attached to the Papacy.Kings and Popes were lords to whom the British clergy offered their loyalty and allegiance.In addition, his men and religious institutions were influential in economic life in medieval England.The claims of the Church, which has broad authority over the laws, caused it to be lived in a conflict zone.The most important to begin with are the Provisors Law in 1351 and the Praemunire laws enacted in 1353, which were a turning point in the relations between the kingdom and the papacy. With these laws, the anti-papacy feeling of enlargement has become evident since the beginning of the third century and has made itself permanent in the laws of the region.In this market, the power conflict between the Kingdom and the Church will be studied to be evaluated within the framework of these laws.

Keywords

The Statute of Provisors, Middle Age

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