The Journal of Nazilli Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences (NİİBFD) is committed to acting in accordance with international standards of scholarly publishing in matters of publication ethics, research ethics, academic integrity, copyright, open access, confidentiality, and the protection of personal data. All publication processes of the journal are conducted in line with the principles of transparency, accountability, editorial independence, impartiality, scholarly quality, double-blind peer review, confidentiality, and avoidance of conflicts of interest.
NİİBFD adopts the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME). All manuscripts submitted to the journal are expected to be prepared in accordance with the principles of research and publication ethics.
1. Publication Ethics and Academic Integrity
Manuscripts submitted to NİİBFD must be original, must not have been previously published, and must not be under simultaneous consideration by another journal or publication outlet. By submitting a manuscript, authors are deemed to have declared and accepted that their work is original, does not infringe the copyrights of third parties, has not been published elsewhere, and is not under evaluation by another publication outlet.
Authors are responsible for the scholarly content of their manuscripts, the data used, the accuracy of citations, ethics committee approval and permission procedures, declarations of conflict of interest, author contribution statements, and the proper acknowledgement of individuals or institutions that have contributed to the study.
Plagiarism, redundant publication, duplication, fraudulent authorship, gift authorship, unjustified denial of authorship, data fabrication, data falsification, manipulation of research findings, salami slicing, misleading use of sources, copyright infringement, concealment of conflicts of interest, and attempts to influence the peer review process are considered unethical practices.
Manuscripts found not to comply with ethical standards may be rejected during the evaluation process. For published articles found to involve ethical violations, procedures such as correction, clarification, editorial note, expression of concern, or retraction may be initiated.
2. Ethics Committee Approval Policy
All manuscripts submitted to NİİBFD must include a statement confirming compliance with research and publication ethics. In line with TR Dizin criteria, studies requiring ethics committee approval must have obtained the relevant ethics committee approval, and this approval must be stated in the manuscript and documented during submission.
For studies requiring ethics committee approval, the name of the committee, the date of approval, and the decision/reference number must be clearly stated in the methodology section and also on the first or last page of the manuscript. Authors must upload the ethics committee approval document to the DergiPark system together with the manuscript file during submission.
For studies that do not require ethics committee approval, authors must state this clearly in the manuscript through an appropriate declaration and, if requested by the journal, upload the relevant declaration form to the system.
Studies Requiring Ethics Committee Approval
Ethics committee approval is required for the following types of studies:
- All qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method research requiring data collection from participants through surveys, interviews, focus groups, observations, experiments, interview techniques, or similar methods,
- Studies involving the use of humans or animals, including materials or data, for experimental or other scientific purposes,
- Clinical research conducted on humans,
- Research conducted on animals,
- Retrospective studies involving personal data,
- Studies using data, documents, images, audio recordings, photographs, or similar materials that may directly or indirectly identify participants.
Other Ethical and Legal Permissions
In addition to ethics committee approval, the necessary permissions must be obtained and clearly stated in the manuscript in the following cases:
- In case reports, it must be stated that informed consent has been obtained.
- When using scales, surveys, tests, photographs, images, documents, or datasets belonging to others, the necessary permissions must be obtained and declared in the manuscript.
- Copyright regulations must be observed for intellectual and artistic works, images, tables, figures, and other copyrighted materials used in the study.
- If data are collected from institutions, archives, companies, public institutions, non-governmental organisations, or similar bodies, the necessary institutional permissions must be obtained and stated in the manuscript.
- In studies involving the processing of personal data, authors must comply with legislation on the protection of personal data, the principle of privacy, voluntary participation, and data security obligations.
Studies Not Requiring Ethics Committee Approval
Studies such as literature reviews, systematic reviews, bibliometric analyses, document analyses, analyses based on publicly available secondary data, and similar studies may not require ethics committee approval, provided that they do not involve direct data collection from human or animal participants and do not use personal data.
Nevertheless, authors are expected to clearly state in the manuscript when ethics committee approval is not required. Where deemed necessary, the editorship may request additional clarification, permission documents, or an ethics compliance declaration from the authors depending on the nature of the study.
Data Collected Before 2020 and Publications Derived from Theses
For studies based on research data collected before 2020, publications derived from master’s or doctoral theses, or studies previously presented at a scientific event but not published as full texts, the requirement for ethics committee approval is evaluated according to the nature of the study.
In such studies, authors must clearly state in the manuscript when and within what scope the data were collected, and whether the study was derived from a thesis or a previously presented paper. For studies that have a research design requiring ethics committee approval but were completed in previous years, where retrospective ethics committee approval is not possible, authors must provide a clear and justified declaration regarding this situation.
The editorship evaluates such submissions in light of the nature of the research, the date of data collection, ethical declarations, and relevant regulations.
Researchers Outside Universities
Studies requiring ethics committee approval are not limited to researchers affiliated with universities. Researchers who are not university members must also apply to the relevant ethics committees and obtain the necessary ethics committee approval for their research. A study requiring ethics committee approval must include the necessary permissions and declarations regardless of the researcher’s institutional affiliation.
3. Plagiarism and Similarity Policy
NİİBFD conducts a rigorous evaluation process against plagiarism, redundant publication, unattributed quotation, improper citation, textual similarity, copying of data or findings, and similar ethical violations in accordance with the principles of publication ethics and academic integrity.
All manuscripts submitted to the journal are subjected to a similarity check through iThenticate, Turnitin, or other similarity detection software deemed appropriate by the editorship before the double-blind peer review process is initiated. The similarity report is one of the preliminary review tools used to assess the originality of the manuscript; however, it is not considered, on its own, as a ground for acceptance or rejection.
The report is reviewed by the editorship by taking into account the field and subject of the manuscript, the method used, the structure of the references, direct quotations, and the characteristics of academic writing.
For manuscripts submitted to NİİBFD, the acceptable similarity rate should generally be below 20%. If the similarity rate exceeds 20%, the manuscript may be returned to the author(s) for necessary revisions. When reducing the similarity rate, authors are expected not merely to make technical changes, but to revise the text in accordance with academic ethical principles in terms of citation, quotation, referencing, and original expression.
Even if the similarity rate is below 20%, the manuscript may be removed from the evaluation process if unattributed quotations, improper paraphrasing, excessive block quotations, sections taken verbatim or with only minor changes from other works, reuse of previously published studies, salami slicing, or unethical textual similarity are detected.
References, author information, standard institutional names, legal or regulatory expressions, ethical declarations, acknowledgements, and mandatory technical expressions may appear in the similarity report. However, the nature of such similarities is evaluated separately by the editorship. The acceptable similarity rate must not be used in a way that undermines the originality of the text.
Authors must properly cite all sources used in their manuscripts; indicate direct quotations in quotation marks or block quotation format; and provide the necessary references and permissions for ideas, data, tables, figures, scales, visuals, and similar materials taken from other works.
If serious plagiarism, redundant publication, copying of data or text, unattributed quotation, or unethical use is detected as a result of the similarity report, the manuscript will be rejected. If plagiarism or a serious similarity problem is identified in an article after publication, procedures such as correction, editorial note, expression of concern, or retraction may be initiated.
4. Copyright and Licence Policy
The scholarly and legal responsibility for articles published in NİİBFD belongs to the authors. Authors declare and accept that their manuscripts are original, do not infringe the copyrights of third parties, have not been published elsewhere, and are not under consideration by another publication outlet.
NİİBFD adopts an open access policy. Authors retain the copyright of their published works. If a manuscript is accepted for publication, authors grant NİİBFD the right to publish the work for the first time, make it available electronically, archive it, index it, reproduce it, and distribute it within the scope of the journal’s scholarly publishing activities.
This right is a non-exclusive publication right granted to the journal. Authors may use, share, and deposit their works in their own academic studies, books, teaching materials, personal webpages, institutional repositories, subject-specific open access repositories, and other academic platforms, provided that proper citation is given.
Authors may share the final published version of their article on personal webpages, institutional academic repositories, subject-specific open access repositories, or other open access platforms without any embargo period. In such sharing, proper reference must be made to the final version published in NİİBFD, including bibliographic information such as volume, issue, page range, DOI number, and DergiPark link.
Articles published in NİİBFD are made available under the open access licence specified on the journal page. Licence information is clearly stated on the journal page and, where possible, in the article file. Users may use published works in accordance with the relevant licence terms and academic citation rules.
Authors must complete and upload the Copyright and Licence Declaration Form / Publication Rights Declaration Form requested by the journal to the DergiPark system during manuscript submission. If the required form is not uploaded, the submission may be returned to the authors at the preliminary review stage; accepted manuscripts will not proceed to publication preparation until the relevant form has been completed.
Authors are responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions for any tables, figures, scales, surveys, images, photographs, datasets, documents, or other copyrighted materials used in their studies and for declaring these permissions in the manuscript. Legal responsibility arising from copyright infringements belongs to the authors.
NİİBFD may share published works with indexes, databases, repositories, and academic platforms in order to increase their scholarly visibility. Such sharing is carried out within the scope of the journal’s open access and scholarly publishing activities.
5. Privacy Statement
NİİBFD attaches importance to the confidentiality of personal data shared through the journal’s online systems and the DergiPark platform. Names, surnames, institutional affiliations, e-mail addresses, telephone numbers, ORCID information, academic titles, fields of expertise, and similar contact or identifying information entered into the system by authors, reviewers, editors, and readers are used solely for the purpose of carrying out the journal’s scholarly publication processes.
Such information is processed for the purposes of receiving manuscript submissions, conducting editorial preliminary reviews, assigning reviewers, ensuring communication among authors, reviewers, and editors, monitoring publication processes, making necessary notifications, archiving, indexing, and maintaining the journal’s scholarly publishing activities.
NİİBFD does not share personal data entered into the journal system by users with third parties or institutions, except where required by the scholarly publication process. Personal data are not used for commercial purposes, sold, or transferred for marketing activities.
However, in cases required by legal obligations, requests from authorised public institutions, the technical operation of the DergiPark system, indexing and archiving processes, and the necessities of scholarly publishing activities, relevant information may be processed in a limited manner and in accordance with its intended purpose.
The peer review process conducted by the journal is based on the principle of double-blind peer review. Therefore, due care is taken to protect the confidentiality of author and reviewer identities. Reviewer reports, manuscript files, editorial correspondence, and information related to the evaluation process are considered confidential and are used only within authorised editorial processes.
Information shared by users through the DergiPark system may be processed within the framework of the system’s technical infrastructure and relevant legislation. The journal editorship uses the personal data accessible to it only to the extent required by the publication process and takes due care to protect such data against unauthorised access, loss, misuse, or unauthorised disclosure.
Authors, reviewers, and other users may submit requests to the journal editorship regarding access to, correction, updating, or the exercise of other rights concerning their personal data within the framework of the relevant legislation. For requests related to privacy and the protection of personal data, the journal editorship may be contacted.
6. Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence and Automated Tools
Transparency is essential in the use of generative artificial intelligence and automated tools. Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors. Authors must explicitly disclose any use of artificial intelligence beyond language editing and formal revision.
Authors bear full responsibility for the accuracy, authenticity of sources, ethical compliance, and academic responsibility of any content produced with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools.
Reviewers and editors may not upload manuscript content to third-party artificial intelligence systems or online tools in a manner that violates the principle of confidentiality during the evaluation process.
7. Complaints, Appeals, Corrections, and Retractions
Authors, reviewers, and readers may submit complaints, appeals, and notifications regarding publication ethics, the peer review process, editorial decisions, or published articles to the journal editorship. Such submissions are evaluated in accordance with the principles of confidentiality, impartiality, and academic integrity.
NİİBFD carries out the necessary editorial procedures in cases where ethical violations, serious errors, data-related problems, copyright infringement, plagiarism, conflicts of interest, or breaches of publication policies are identified after publication. In this context, procedures such as correction, clarification, editorial note, expression of concern, or retraction may be implemented.
The journal is committed to preserving the transparency of the scholarly record. Therefore, post-publication procedures are carried out in a visible, justified, and traceable manner.
