Aksöğütün (Salix alba L.) budanmış dal odunu artıklarının teknik özellikleri ve biyomalzeme potansiyeli

Abstract

Çalışmada, budama artığı niteliğindeki aksöğüt (Salix alba L.) dal odununun morfolojik, termal, kristalin ve mekanik özellikleri karakterize edilmiştir. 2 yıl süresince açık hava koşullarında toprakla temas halinde bırakılan materyalde yapılan taramalı elektron mikroskobu analizleri, temel anatomik yapının büyük oranda korunduğunu, ancak hücre çeperlerinde lokal morfolojik deformasyonlar geliştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Termogravimetrik verilere göre, örnek tipik üç aşamalı lignoselüloz bozunma profili sergilemiş ve DTG eğrisinde 380,8 °C’de maksimum bozunma tepe noktası gözlemlenmiş ve 800 °C’deki kalıntı kütle oranı %16,2 olarak hesaplanmıştır. X-ışını kırınım bulguları, karakteristik selüloz tepe noktalarını doğrulamış ve kristalinite indeksi %43,6 olarak belirlenmiştir. Vickers mikrosertlik testlerinde lif yönüne paralel ortalama değerler 100 ± 6 MPa, lif yönüne dik değerler ise 67 ± 3 MPa olarak ölçülmüş, yönlenmeye bağlı mekanik anizotropi açık biçimde izlenmiştir. Bulgular, aksöğüt dal odununun termokimyasal kararlılığı ile kristalin organizasyonu arasında tutarlı bir ilişkinin bulunduğunu ve budama artıklarının yalnızca enerji biyokütlesi olarak değil, biyomalzeme ve mühendislik temelli uygulamalarda da değerlendirilebilecek potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma, dal artıklarının sürdürülebilir ve katma değerli kullanımına yönelik deneysel verileri sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Lignoselülozik atık
• taramalı elektron mikroskobu
• termogravimetrik analiz
• X-ışını kırınımı
• Vickers mikrosertlik

Technical properties and biomaterial potential of pruned branch wood residues of White willow (Salix alba L.)

Abstract

In this study, the morphological, thermal, crystalline, and mechanical properties of pruned branch wood of White willow (Salix alba L.) were characterized. The material, which was left in contact with soil under open-air conditions for 2 years, was examined by scanning electron microscopy, revealing that the fundamental anatomical structure was largely preserved, although local morphological deformations developed in the cell walls. According to thermogravimetric data, the sample exhibited a typical three-stage lignocellulosic degradation profile, with a maximum degradation peak observed at 380.8 °C in the DTG curve. The residual mass fraction at 800 °C was calculated as 16.2%. X-ray diffraction results confirmed the characteristic cellulose peaks, and the crystallinity index was determined to be 43.6%. In Vickers microhardness tests, the average values were measured as 100 ± 6 MPa parallel to the grain and 67 ± 3 MPa perpendicular to the grain, clearly indicating orientation-dependent mechanical anisotropy. The findings demonstrate a consistent relationship between the thermochemical stability and crystalline organization of White willow branch wood and suggest that pruning residues possess potential not only as energy biomass but also for biomaterial and engineering-based applications. This study provides experimental data supporting the sustainable and value-added utilization of branch residues.

Keywords

• Lignocellulosic biomass
• scanning electron microscopy
• thermogravimetric analysis
• X-ray diffraction
• Vickers microhardness

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