Gelir Eşitsizliği ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Geçiş Ekonomileri Üzerine Panel Veri Analizi

Abstract

Üretim süreçleri sonucunda yaratılan değeri ifade eden gelirin, bireyler arasındaki dağılımı bakımından ülke ekonomilerini önemli ölçüde etkilediği iler sürülmektedir. Gelir dağılımını etkileyen çok sayıda ve çeşit te unsur bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma da ekonomik büyümenin gelir dağılımının üzerindeki etkileri geçiş ekonomisine sahip seçilen on ülke için 1995-2013 yıllarına ait ekonomik büyüme ve Gini değerleri kullanılarak statik panel veri yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı Kuznets  ters-U hipotezinin geçiş ekonomileri için geçerliliğini test etmektir. Yapılan çalışmanın bulgularına göre, geçiş ekonomisine sahip ülkelerde Kuznets’in ters-U hipotezine uygun olarak ekonomik gelişmenin ilk aşamalarında gelir eşitsizliğinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Gelişmenin sonraki aşamalarında ise ekonomik büyümenin gelir eşitsizliğini azaltıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol değişkenlerinden eğitime katılım oranının istatiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Kamu harcamalarının gelir eşitsizliği üzerinde etkisi istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir sonuç vermemiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, incelenen geçiş ekonomilerine sahip ülkelerde Kuznets’in ters-U hipotezini desteklemektedir.

Keywords

• Ekonomik Büyüme,Geçiş Ekonomileri,Gelir Eşitsizliği,Statik Panel Veri Analizi

The Relationships between Income Inequality and Economic Growth: Panel Data Analysis on Transition Economies

Abstract

It is argued that income, which represents the value created as a result of the production processes, has a significant impact on the economies of the country in terms of the income distribution. There are many and varied factors affecting income distribution. In this study, the effects of economic growth on income distribution were analyzed by using static panel data method. Eco-nomic growth and Gini data for the years 1995-2013 were used for ten selected transition economies. The main purpose of the study is to test the validity of the Kuznets inverse-U hypothesis for transition economies. According to the findings of the study, income inequality increased in the early stages of economic development in transition economies, consistent with the Kuznets in-verse-U hypothesis. In the later stages of the development, it was found that economic growth had a decreasing effect on income inequality. Among the control variables, education was found to be statistically significant. The effect of public expenditures on income inequality was not statistically significant. Overall, the results support the Kuznets inverse-U hypothesis in transition economies examined.

Keywords

• Economic Growth,Transition Economies,Income Inequality,Static Panel Data Analysis

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