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İhracatçı işletmelerin dağıtım politikalarının dışsal faktörler çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi

Year 2021, , 453 - 466, 12.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.712572

Abstract

Uluslararası pazarlamada dışsal faktörler, firmaların etki edemediği ve ihracat kararlarında önemli rol oynayan dışsal unsurlardandır. Ayrıca ihracatçı firmalar ürünlerini uluslararası pazarlara en kolay yoldan ulaştırmayı hedeflerken dağıtım politikalarını isabetli bir şekilde belirlemek durumundadır. Firmaların ihracat faaliyetlerinde etkili olan dışsal faktörler ile uyguladıkları dağıtım odaklı pazarlama politikaları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenip analiz edilmesi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda firmaların ihracatta dağıtım stratejisi bakımından farklılık gösterip göstermediği, hangi dağıtım yoğunluğu stratejilerine göre ihraç pazarında işletme dışı faktörlerin önem düzeyinin farklılık gösterdiği ve ihraç pazarındaki dış faktörlerin önem düzeyinin ihracatta dağıtım stratejisi kategorilerini sınıflandırıp sınıflandırmadığı sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturan aktif ihracat yapan 227 işletme yöneticisinin katılımıyla anket çalışması uygulanmış ve elde edilen veri tek yönlü varyans analizi ve diskriminant analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ulaşılan bulgular, araştırmada yer alan işletmelerin ihracat faaliyetlerinde etkili olan dışsal faktörlerin önem düzeyi ile işletmelerin dağıtım odaklı pazarlama politikalarının uygulanma düzeyi arasında pozitif bir ilişkinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Rekabetin ve kültürel çevrenin önemlerinin yüksek olduğu durumda seçimli dağıtım, coğrafi uzaklığa ve döviz kuruna verilen önem yüksek olduğunda yoğun dağıtım, ticari engellere verilen önem düşük olduğunda ise yoğun dağıtım tercih edilmektedir.

References

  • Albaum, G., Strandskov, J., & Duerr, E. (2002). International marketing and export management. Wokingham: Addison Wesley.
  • Atabay, İ. (2004). İhracat performansını etkileyen faktörler (zeytinyağı sektöründe bir araştırma). Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(12), 17-44.
  • Behyan, M., Mohamad, O., & Omar, A. (2011). Achieving export performance: Contribution of relational elements. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 25, 327-337.
  • Beleska-Spasova, E., Glaister, K. W., & Stride, C. (2012). Resource determinants of strategy and performance: The case of British exporters. Journal of World Business, 47(4), 635-647.
  • Bello, D. C., Chelariu, C., & Zhang, L. (2003). The antecedents and performance consequences of relationalism in export distribution channels. Journal of Business Research, 56(1), 1-16.
  • Bodur, Ö., & Çavuşgil, S. T. (1985). Export market research orientations of Turkish firms. European Journal of Marketing, 19(2), 5-16.
  • Brache, J., & Felzensztein, C. (2017). Geographical co-location on Chilean SME's export performance. Journal of Business Research. 105, 310-321.
  • Cateora, P. R., Gilly, M. C., & Graham, J. L. (2011). International marketing (15. Bs.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • Çavuşgil, S. T., & Zou, S. (1994). Marketing strategy performance relationships: An investigation of the empirical link in export market ventures. Journal of Marketing, 58, 1-21.
  • Czinkota, M. R., Ronkainen, I. A., Moffet, M.H. (2002). International business (6. Bs.). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Dickson, P. R. (1994). Marketing management (2. Bs.). Ohio: Dryden Press.
  • Erdil, T. S. (2014). The role of foreign intermediary relationship quality on export performance: A survey on Turkish firms. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 600-608.
  • Gijsbrechts, E. (1993). Prices and pricing research in consumer marketing: Some recent developments. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 10(2), 115-151.
  • Honeycutt, E. D., Jr., & Ford, J. B. (1995). Guidelines for managing an international sales force. Industrial Marketing Management, 24(2), 135–144.
  • Katsikeas, C. S., Skarmeas, D., & Bello, D. C. (2009). Developing successful trust-based international exchange relationships. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(1), 132-155.
  • Konya Sanayi Odası, http://www.kso.org.tr/, (Erişim Tarihi: 01.06.2019).
  • Konya Ticaret Odası, http://www.kto.org.tr/, (Erişim Tarihi: 01.06.2019).
  • Leonidou, L. C., Katsikeas, C. S., & Samiee, S. (2002). Marketing strategy determinants of export performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Research, 55(1), 51-67.
  • Madsen, T. K., & Moen, Ø. (2018). Managerial assessments of export performance: What do they reflect?. International Business Review, 27(2), 380-388.
  • Oliveira, J. S., Yazdani, N., Cadogan, J. W., Hodgkinson, I. R., Tsougkou, E., Story, V. M., & Boso, N. (2018). The empirical link between export entry mode diversity and export performance: A contingency-and institutional-based examination. Journal of Business Research, 88, 505-512.
  • Styles, C., Patterson, P. G., & Ahmed, F. (2008). A relational model of export performance. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(5), 880-900.
  • Taşkın, E. (2012). Uluslararası pazarlama. İstanbul: Türkmen Kitabevi.
  • Walters, P. G. P. (1986). International marketing policy: A discussion of the standardization construct and its relevance for corporate policy. Journal of International Business Studies, 17(2), 55-69.
  • Walters, R. G. (1991). Assessing the impact of retail price promotions on product substitution, complementary purchase, and interstore sales displacement. Journal of Marketing, 55(2), 17-28.
  • Wilson, R. M. S., & Gilligan, C. (2005). Strategic marketing management: Planning, implementation and control (3. Bs.). Burlington: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • Zhang, C., Cavusgil, S. T., & Roath, A. S. (2003). Manufacturer governance of foreign distributor relationships: Do relational norms enhance competitiveness in the export market?. Journal of International Business Studies, 34(6), 550-566.

A study of distribution policies of exporting firms in the framework of external factors

Year 2021, , 453 - 466, 12.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.712572

Abstract

The external factors are the non-operational factors that cannot be influenced by the firms and play an important role in the export decisions. Besides, exporting firms must determine their distribution policies accurately while aiming to deliver their products to foreign markets in the most convenient way. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the relationship between the external factors that are effective in the export activities of the firms and the distribution-oriented marketing policies that they implement. Accordingly, it is examined whether firms differ in export distribution strategies, the importance level of external factors differs for which distribution strategies and whether the external factors classify the distribution strategy categories in exporting. A survey was conducted with the participation of managers of 227 actively exporting firms which consist the sample of study, and the data obtained were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and discriminant analysis. The findings showed that selective distribution is preferred when the importance of competition and cultural environment is high, intensive distribution is preferred when the importance of geographical distance and exchange rate is high, and exclusive distribution is preferred when the importance of trade barriers is high.

References

  • Albaum, G., Strandskov, J., & Duerr, E. (2002). International marketing and export management. Wokingham: Addison Wesley.
  • Atabay, İ. (2004). İhracat performansını etkileyen faktörler (zeytinyağı sektöründe bir araştırma). Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(12), 17-44.
  • Behyan, M., Mohamad, O., & Omar, A. (2011). Achieving export performance: Contribution of relational elements. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 25, 327-337.
  • Beleska-Spasova, E., Glaister, K. W., & Stride, C. (2012). Resource determinants of strategy and performance: The case of British exporters. Journal of World Business, 47(4), 635-647.
  • Bello, D. C., Chelariu, C., & Zhang, L. (2003). The antecedents and performance consequences of relationalism in export distribution channels. Journal of Business Research, 56(1), 1-16.
  • Bodur, Ö., & Çavuşgil, S. T. (1985). Export market research orientations of Turkish firms. European Journal of Marketing, 19(2), 5-16.
  • Brache, J., & Felzensztein, C. (2017). Geographical co-location on Chilean SME's export performance. Journal of Business Research. 105, 310-321.
  • Cateora, P. R., Gilly, M. C., & Graham, J. L. (2011). International marketing (15. Bs.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • Çavuşgil, S. T., & Zou, S. (1994). Marketing strategy performance relationships: An investigation of the empirical link in export market ventures. Journal of Marketing, 58, 1-21.
  • Czinkota, M. R., Ronkainen, I. A., Moffet, M.H. (2002). International business (6. Bs.). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Dickson, P. R. (1994). Marketing management (2. Bs.). Ohio: Dryden Press.
  • Erdil, T. S. (2014). The role of foreign intermediary relationship quality on export performance: A survey on Turkish firms. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 600-608.
  • Gijsbrechts, E. (1993). Prices and pricing research in consumer marketing: Some recent developments. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 10(2), 115-151.
  • Honeycutt, E. D., Jr., & Ford, J. B. (1995). Guidelines for managing an international sales force. Industrial Marketing Management, 24(2), 135–144.
  • Katsikeas, C. S., Skarmeas, D., & Bello, D. C. (2009). Developing successful trust-based international exchange relationships. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(1), 132-155.
  • Konya Sanayi Odası, http://www.kso.org.tr/, (Erişim Tarihi: 01.06.2019).
  • Konya Ticaret Odası, http://www.kto.org.tr/, (Erişim Tarihi: 01.06.2019).
  • Leonidou, L. C., Katsikeas, C. S., & Samiee, S. (2002). Marketing strategy determinants of export performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Research, 55(1), 51-67.
  • Madsen, T. K., & Moen, Ø. (2018). Managerial assessments of export performance: What do they reflect?. International Business Review, 27(2), 380-388.
  • Oliveira, J. S., Yazdani, N., Cadogan, J. W., Hodgkinson, I. R., Tsougkou, E., Story, V. M., & Boso, N. (2018). The empirical link between export entry mode diversity and export performance: A contingency-and institutional-based examination. Journal of Business Research, 88, 505-512.
  • Styles, C., Patterson, P. G., & Ahmed, F. (2008). A relational model of export performance. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(5), 880-900.
  • Taşkın, E. (2012). Uluslararası pazarlama. İstanbul: Türkmen Kitabevi.
  • Walters, P. G. P. (1986). International marketing policy: A discussion of the standardization construct and its relevance for corporate policy. Journal of International Business Studies, 17(2), 55-69.
  • Walters, R. G. (1991). Assessing the impact of retail price promotions on product substitution, complementary purchase, and interstore sales displacement. Journal of Marketing, 55(2), 17-28.
  • Wilson, R. M. S., & Gilligan, C. (2005). Strategic marketing management: Planning, implementation and control (3. Bs.). Burlington: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • Zhang, C., Cavusgil, S. T., & Roath, A. S. (2003). Manufacturer governance of foreign distributor relationships: Do relational norms enhance competitiveness in the export market?. Journal of International Business Studies, 34(6), 550-566.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fatih Cura 0000-0001-8025-3961

Mehmet Akif Gündüz 0000-0002-3884-1409

Publication Date April 12, 2021
Submission Date April 1, 2020
Acceptance Date February 5, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Cura, F., & Gündüz, M. A. (2021). İhracatçı işletmelerin dağıtım politikalarının dışsal faktörler çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(2), 453-466. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.712572
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Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari-AynıLisanslaPaylaş 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.