Predictors of Smartphone Addiction in Teacher Candidates: Self-Control and Communication Skills
Year 2023,
Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 47 - 62, 15.08.2023
Mehmet Enes Sağar
,
Süleyman Sağar
Abstract
In this study, the predictive role of self-control and communication skills on smartphone addiction levels of teacher candidates was examined. The research was conducted based on the relational survey model. The research group consisted of 378 teacher candidates, 181 (45.9%) males and 197 (54.1%) females. The average age of the research group is 15.82. “Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version”, “Brief Self-Control Scale”, “Communication Skills Scale”, and “Personal Information Form” were used as data collection tools. The data obtained in the study were analyzed by the multiple linear regression analysis (stepwise) method. As a result of the research, it was determined that the variables of self-control and communication skills significantly predicted smartphone addiction.
Supporting Institution
YOK
References
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- Kim, S. G., Park, J., Kim, H. T., Pan, Z., Lee, Y., & McIntyre, R. S. (2019). The relationship between smartphone addiction and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity in South Korean adolescents. Annals of general psychiatry, 18(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-019-0224-8
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- Nebioglu, M., Konuk, N., Akbaba, S., & Eroglu, Y. (2012). The investigation of validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Brief Self-Control Scale. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 22(4), 340-351. https://doi.org/10.5455/bcp.20120911042732
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Year 2023,
Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 47 - 62, 15.08.2023
Mehmet Enes Sağar
,
Süleyman Sağar
References
- Akbulut, Y. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS uygulamaları. İstanbul: İdeal Kültür Yayıncılık.
- Alosaimi, F. D., Alyahya, H., Alshahwan, H., Al Mahyijari, N., & Shaik, S. A. (2016). Smartphone addiction among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal, 37(6), 675-683. https://doi.org/10.15537/Smj.2016.6.14430
- American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5.(2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5™ (5th ed.). Washington, DC.
- Ayar, D., & Gürkan, K. P. (2022). The Effect of Nursing Students' Smartphone Addiction and Phubbing Behaviors on Communication Skill. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 40(4), 230-235. https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000834
- Baumeister, R. F., Leith, K. P., Muraven, M., & Bratslavsky, E. (1998). Self-regulation as a key to success in life. In D. Pushkar, W. M. Bukowski, A. E. Schwartzman, D. M. Stack, & D. R. White (Eds.), Improving competence across the lifespan: Building interventions based on theory and research (pp. 117–132). New York, NY: Plenum Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47149-3_9
- Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., & Tice, D. M. (2007). The strength model of self-control. Current directions in psychological science, 16(6), 351-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00534.x
- Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (2018). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1252-65. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1252
- Baumeister, R. F., & Heatherton, T. F. (1996). Self-regulation failure: An overview. Psychological inquiry, 7(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1
- Baumeister, R. F., Heatherton, T. F., & Tice, D. M. (1994). Losing control: How and why people fail at self-regulation. San Diego, CA: Academic Press
- Billieux, J. (2012). Problematic use of the mobile phone: A literature review and a pathways model. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 8(4), 299-307. https://doi.org/10.2174/157340012803520522
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı (15. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık
- Cerit, B., Çıtak Bilgin, N., & Ak, B. (2018). Relationship between smartphone addiction of nursing department students and their communication skills. Contemporary Nurse, 54(4-5), 532-542. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2018.1448291
- Chen, I. H., Strong, C., Lin, Y. C., Tsai, M. C., Leung, H., Lin, C. Y., ... & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Time invariance of three ultra-brief internet-related instruments: Smartphone application-based addiction scale (SABAS), Bergen social media addiction scale (BSMAS), and the nine-item internet gaming disorder scale-short form (IGDS-SF9)(study Part B). Addictive Behaviors, 101, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.04.018
- Chen, G. M. and Starosta, W. J. (1996). Intercultural communication competence: A synthesis. In B. R. Burleson (Ed.), Communication yearbook 19 (pp. 353–383). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Cho, H. Y., Kim, D. J., & Park, J. W. (2017). Stress and adult smartphone addiction: Mediation by self‐control, neuroticism, and extraversion. Stress and Health, 33(5), 624-630. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2749
- Choi, W. S., & Kim, H. Y. (2018). The effects of smartphone addiction on subjective happiness in university students: Mediating effect of resilience. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 19(1), 199-207. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2018.19.1.199
- Egan, G. (1994). Psikolojik danışmaya giriş. Akkoyun F. (Çev), Ankara: Form Ofset.
- Geng, Y., Gu, J., Wang, J., & Zhang, R. (2021). Smartphone addiction and depression, anxiety: The role of bedtime procrastination and self-control. Journal of Affective Disorders, 293, 415-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.062
- Haug, S., Castro, R. P., Kwon, M., Filler, A., Kowatsch, T., & Schaub, M. P. (2015). Smartphone use and smartphone addiction among young people in Switzerland. Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(4), 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.037
- Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2017). The relations among social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students. Social Science Computer Review, 35(5), 576-586. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439316660340
- Heo, Y., & Lee, K. (2018). Smartphone addiction and school life adjustment among high school students: The mediating effect of self-control. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 56(11), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20180503-06
- Johnson, D. W. (1996). Reaching out: Interpersonal effectiveness and self-actualization. (6th ed.) Boston, Allyn and Bacon.
- Ju, H. J., Jun, H. S., & Park, M. K. (2019). The stress, self-efficacy, and self-control of university students impact on smartphone addiction. Journal of Digital Convergence, 17(11), 395-407. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2019.17.11.395
- Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. (31. Basım). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Kim, S. H., & Choi, Y. N. (2017). Correlation between stress and smartphone addiction in healthcare related university students. Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene, 17(1), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2017.17.01.27
- Kim, Y., Jeong, J. E., Cho, H., Jung, D. J., Kwak, M., Rho, M. J., ... & Choi, I. Y. (2016). Personality factors predicting smartphone addiction predisposition: Behavioral inhibition and activation systems, impulsivity, and self-control. PloS one, 11(8), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159788
- Kim, I. K., Park, S. W., & Choi, H. M. (2017). The relationship among smartphone addiction, communication ability, loneliness and interpersonal relationship for university students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 18(1), 637-648. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.1.637
- Kim, S. G., Park, J., Kim, H. T., Pan, Z., Lee, Y., & McIntyre, R. S. (2019). The relationship between smartphone addiction and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity in South Korean adolescents. Annals of general psychiatry, 18(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-019-0224-8
- Korkut-Owen, F. ve Bugay, A. (2014). İletişim Becerileri Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2), 51-64. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mersinefd/issue/17394/181805
- Khasanah, R., & Daulay, N. (2022). The effect of smartphone addiction on communication with peers in Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(4), 5549-5556. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.2924
- Kwon, M., Kim, D. J., Cho, H., & Yang, S. (2013a). The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PLoS ONE, 8(12), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083558
- Kwon, M., Lee, J. Y., Won, W. Y., Park, J. W., Min, J. A., Hahn, C., Gu, X., Choi, J. H. & Kim, D. J. (2013b). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). PLoS ONE, 8(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056936
- Kwon, Y. S., & Paek, K. S. (2016). The influence of smartphone addiction on depression and communication competence among college students. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(41), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i41/103844
- Lanaj, K., Johnson, R. E., & Barnes, C. M. (2014). Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 124(1), 11-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.01.001
- Lee, Y. J., & Park, J. H. (2014). The effect of use motives, self-control and social withdrawal on smartphone addiction. Journal of Digital Convergence, 12(8), 459-465. http://dx.doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2014.12.8.459
- Mahapatra, S. (2019). Smartphone addiction and associated consequences: Role of loneliness and self-regulation. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38(8), 833-844. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2018.1560499
- Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle? Psychological Bulletin, 126(2), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247
- Nebioglu, M., Konuk, N., Akbaba, S., & Eroglu, Y. (2012). The investigation of validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Brief Self-Control Scale. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 22(4), 340-351. https://doi.org/10.5455/bcp.20120911042732
- Noyan, C. O., Enez Darçin, A., Nurmedov, S., Yilmaz, O., & Dilbaz, N. (2015). Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeğinin Kısa Formunun üniversite öğrencilerindeTürkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16(Özel sayı.1), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.176101
- Panova, T., & Carbonell, X. (2018). Is smartphone addiction really an addiction?. Journal of behavioral addictions, 7(2), 252-259. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.49
- Rosenbaum, M. (1980). A schedule for assessing self-control behaviors: Preliminary findings. Behavior therapy, 11(1), 109-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(80)80040-2
- Sağar, M. E. (2022a). Ergenlerde duygu düzenleme, psikolojik sağlamlık ve okulda öznel iyi oluşun akıllı telefon bağımlılığı üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(83), 926-944. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1036794
- Sağar, M. E. (2022b). Üniversite öğrencilerinde akıllı telefon bağımlılığının yordayıcısı olarak dürtüsellik ve saldırganlık. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(3), 864-876. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/gumus/issue/73042/1003657
- Sağar, M. E. (2021a). Predictive role of cognitive flexibility and self-control on social media addiction in university students. International Education Studies, 14(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v14n4p1
- Sağar, M. E. (2021). Emotion regulation skills and self-control as predictors of resilience in teachers candidates. International Education Studies, 14(6), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v14n6p103
- Seiler, W. J. and Beall, M. L. (2005). Communication: Making connections. Pearson/Allyn and Bacon.
Sok, S. R., Seong, M. H., & Ryu, M. H. (2019). Differences of self-control, daily life stress, and communication skills between smartphone addiction risk group and general group in Korean nursing students. Psychiatric Quarterly, 90(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-018-9596-1
- Stewart, J., Zediker, K., & Witteborn, S. (2005). Together. Communicating interpersonally: A social construction approach. 6th edition. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
- Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self‐control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and inter personal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x
- Ting, C. H., & Chen, Y. Y. (2020). “Chapter 8 - Smartphone addiction,” in Practical Resources for the Mental Health Professional, Adolescent Addiction, 2nd Edn, eds C. Essau and P. Delfabbro (San Diego, CA: Elsevier), 215–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818626-8.00008-6
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