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Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 543 - 565, 12.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1519458

Abstract

This study comprehensively examines the implementation of rainwater harvesting systems for sustainability in university campuses. The research, conducted on a specific block at Istanbul Aydın University's Florya campus, evaluates the contribution of rainwater to the total water usage on campus. The processes of collecting, storing, and making rainwater usable have been detailed. The results clearly show that a significant portion of the water used in the selected block can be met with harvested rainwater. These findings confirm that rainwater harvesting systems can be an effective and important solution in sustainable water management strategies, strongly emphasizing the necessity of expanding such systems. Additionally, the adoption of sustainable approaches in the university environment is crucial for encouraging young people to engage in environmentally conscious practices. Such projects raise awareness of sustainability among younger generations, ensuring they grow into more environmentally conscious individuals in the future.

References

  • Abalos MS., Opiña PV. An analysis of roof rainwater harvesting: A catalyst to water demand management. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 2024.
  • Abreham T., Tesseme T., Mulugeta E. Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting as an alternative source of water supply for higher institutes in Ethiopia: The case of Wachemo University, Main Campus. In Degradation and Water Management in Ethiopia. Springer 2024.
  • Adity AT. Rooftop rainwater control-Combining storage tank, vegetation, and rooftop retention. Ryerson University Thesis 2024.
  • Adugna D., Jensen MB., Lemma B., Gebrie GS. Assessing the potential for rooftop rainwater harvesting from large public institutions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018; 15(2): 336.
  • AFPRO-UNICEF. Manual on construction and maintenance of household-based rooftop water harvesting systems. Report prepared by Action for Food Production (AFPRO) for United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) 2006.
  • Akash N., Nandsingh PP., Satpalsingh PV., Raval P. Model of Rainwater Harvesting System 2020.
  • Al-Houri ZM., Abu-Hadba OK., Hamdan KA. The potential of rooftop rainwater harvesting as a water resource in Jordan: Featuring two application case studies. International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering 2014; 8(2): 147-153.
  • Ali I., Jain S. Design of rooftop rainwater harvesting structure in a university campus. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 2014; 3(8): 15652-15653.
  • Alkan MO., Hepcan Ş. Determination of rainwater harvesting potential: A case study from Ege University. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 2022; 19(2): 259-266.
  • Alharthi A., Spichkova M., Hamilton M. Sustainability requirements for eLearning systems: A systematic literature review and analysis. Requirements Engineering 2019; 24: 523-543.
  • Anchan SS., Prasad HS. Feasibility of rooftop rainwater harvesting potential: A case study of South Indian University. Cleaner Engineering and Technology 2021; 4: 100206.
  • Anthony B., Majid M., Romli A., Anwar S. Green campus governance for promoting sustainable development in institutions of higher learning: Evidence from a theoretical analysis. World Review of Science Technology and Sustainable Development 2020; 16(2): 141.
  • Ariyani D., Wulandari A., Juniati A., Arini RN. Rainwater harvesting for water security in campus (case study: Engineering Faculty in University of Pancasila). Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021; 1858(1): 012020.
  • Asaad M., Hassan GF., Elshater A., Afifi S. Comparative study of green neighbourhood assessment tools for assessing existing urban form in MENA region. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 2024; 106: 107502.
  • Chaimoon N. The observation of rainwater harvesting potential in Mahasarakham University (Khamriang Campus). Advanced Materials Research 2013; 807: 1087-1092.
  • Chakrabarty R., Mohiuddin KABM. Techno-economic analysis of a small-scale rainwater harvesting system for producing drinking water at KUET campus. Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development 2024.
  • Corrêa JDP., Fernandes LL., Blanco CJC., Neves RR. Proposal of rainwater harvesting coefficient (RWHC) for determination of effectively usable rainfall depth, relevant to rainwater harvesting systems design. RBRH 2018; 23: e15.
  • Dawodu A., Dai H., Zou T., Zhou H., Lian W., Oladejo J., Osebor F. Campus sustainability research: Indicators and dimensions to consider for the design and assessment of a sustainable campus. Heliyon 2022; 8(12).
  • El-Nwsany RI., Maarouf I., Abd el-Aal W. Water management as a vital factor for a sustainable school. Alexandria Engineering Journal 2019; 58(1): 303-313.
  • Eren B., Aygün A., Likos S., Damar Aİ. Yağmur suyu hasadı: Sakarya Üniversitesi Esentepe kampüs örneği. International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science (ISITES), 3-5 Kasım, Antalya, 2016.
  • Ertop H., Kocięcka J., Atilgan A., Liberacki D., Niemiec M., Rolbiecki R. The importance of rainwater harvesting and its usage possibilities: Antalya example (Turkey). Water 2023; 15(12): 2194.
  • Ferreira A., Sousa V., Pinheiro M., Meireles I., Silva CM., Brito J., Mateus R. Potential of rainwater harvesting in the retail sector: A case study in Portugal. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2023; 30(14): 42427-42442.
  • Google Earth. Istanbul Aydin University Map 2024.
  • Gould J., Nissen-Petersen E. Rainwater catchment systems for domestic supply. 1999.
  • Hajjar H., Kılınç İK., Ülker E. Rainwater harvesting potential in public buildings: A case study in Katip Celebi University. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 2020; 9(Özel Sayı): 167-172.
  • Han M. Rainwater: Drain? Or collect?, that is the question. Environmental Engineering Research 2013; 18(2): 55-56.
  • Hanafiah M. Rainwater harvesting system (MYRAWAS): Towards upscaling water-conserving practice at university level. Environment & Ecosystem Science 2018; 2(1): 10-12.
  • Islam S., Lefsrud M., Adamowski J., Bissonnette B., Busgang A. Design, construction, and operation of a demonstration rainwater harvesting system for greenhouse irrigation at McGill University, Canada. HortTechnology 2013; 23(2): 220-226.
  • Kalıpcı E., Başer V., Genç N. Coğrafi bilgi sistemi kullanarak yağmur suyu hasadının değerlendirilmesi: Giresun Üniversitesi kampüs örneği. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi 2021; 10(1): 49-58.
  • Mishra SS., Shruthi BK., Jeevan Rao H. Design of rooftop rainwater harvesting structure in a university campus. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 2020; 8(5): 3593-3598.
  • Msuya O. Rainwater harvesting as a strategic planning management of COVID-19 pandemic among public secondary schools in Tanzania. East African Journal of Education and Social Sciences 2022; 3(3): 83-93.
  • Muftuoglu TD., Oral HV. The hydraulic approach relevant to circularity on sustainable water catchment. In: Nature-based Solutions for Circular Management of Urban Water. Springer, Cham 2024; 353-370.
  • Müftüoğlu TD. Evaluating rainwater harvesting potential of concrete and tile roofings for detached houses in Aydın, Turkey. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2024; 7(3): 1096-1115.
  • Özölçer İH. Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi 2016; 6(1): 22-34.
  • Rahman S., Khan M., Akib S., Din N., Biswas P., Shirazi S. Sustainability of rainwater harvesting system in terms of water quality. The Scientific World Journal 2014; 2014: 1-10.
  • Ravelo-García A., Castañon-Bautista MC., Pitones-Rubio JA. Rainwater harvesting at universities: Case study Valle de las Palmas. Renewable Energy, Biomass & Sustainability 2023; 5(2): 1-11.
  • Saeedi I., Goodarzi M. Rainwater harvesting system: A sustainable method for landscape development in semiarid regions, the case of Malayer University campus in Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2020; 22(2): 1579-1598.
  • Saleem MM., Hussain A., Hanif H. Assessment of rooftop potential for solar energy and rainwater harvesting in Islamabad: A geospatial approach towards sustainable urban development. IJIST 2024; Special Issue: 97-112.
  • Samzadeh M., Din N., Abdullah Z., Mahyuddin N., Ismail M. Feasibility of vertical rainwater harvesting via in-situ measurement of wind-driven vertical rain loads on building facades in a tropical climate. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability 2021; 8(3): 27-45.
  • Saygın N., Ulusoy P. Sürdürülebilir kampüs tasarımı için yağmursuyu yönetimi ve yeşil altyapı teknikleri. Politeknik Dergisi 2011; 14(3): 223-231.
  • Seppor E. Jäätmete liigiti kogumise efektiivsuse hindamine Eesti Maaülikooli näitel. 2024.
  • Silvia CS., Ikhsan M., Safriani M., Gusmilia TP. Efficiency of rainwater harvesting at the roof campus buildings. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 2021; 1(3): 17-22.
  • Temizkan S., Kayılı MT. Yağmur suyu toplama sistemlerinde optimum depolama yönteminin belirlenmesi: Karabük Üniversitesi sosyal yaşam merkezi örneği. El-Cezeri 2021; 8(1): 102-116.
  • Teston A., Piccinini Scolaro T., Kuntz Maykot J., Ghisi E. Comprehensive environmental assessment of rainwater harvesting systems: A literature review. Water 2022; 14(17): 2716.
  • Turkish State Meteorological Service. Istanbul. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=undefined&m=ISTANBUL, last access: 26/09/2023.
  • Uslu A., Tuğcu A. Üniversite kampüsünde yağmur suyu hasadı potansiyelinin CBS tabanlı değerlendirilmesi: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi örneği. Tarım, Orman ve Su Bilimlerinde Yenilikçi Çalışmalar 2023; 25-43.
  • Ulker E., Tasci H. Determining rainwater harvesting potentials in municipalities by a semi-analytical method. AQUA—Water Infrastructure, Ecosystems and Society 2022; 71(2): 248-260.
  • Wei C., Zou S., Tao B., Wang W. Research about rain flood management in campus landscape design. 2017 International Seminar on Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology (ANIT 2017) 2017; 51-57. Atlantis Press.
  • Wikimaps. Map of Istanbul. 2023.Yükselir H., Ağaçsapan B., Çabuk A. Coğrafi bilgi sistemleri tabanlı çatıların yağmur suyu toplama kapasitesinin hesaplanması. GSI Journals Serie C: Advancements in Information Sciences and Technologies 2019; 1(2): 16-26.
  • Zang J., Kumar M., Werner D. Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation. Journal of Environmental Management 2021; 280: 111639.
  • Zhou J., Wang L., Ferdous N., Huang S. Rain down the drain: UBC Vancouver green rainwater infrastructure performance monitoring and future weather event modelling. 2024.

Bloklarda Yağmur Suyu Hasadı Uygulaması ile Sürdürülebilir Bir Üniversite Kampüsü

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 543 - 565, 12.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1519458

Abstract

Bu çalışma, üniversite kampüslerinde sürdürülebilirlik adına yağmur suyu toplama sistemlerinin uygulanmasını kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemektedir. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Florya kampüsündeki bir blok özelinde gerçekleştirilen araştırma, yağmur suyunun kampüste kullanılan toplam su miktarına olan katkısını değerlendirmektedir. Yağmur suyunun toplanması, depolanması ve kullanılabilir hale getirilmesi süreçleri detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, seçilen blokta kullanılan suyun büyük bir kısmının hasat edilen yağmur suyuyla karşılanabileceğini açıkça göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, yağmur suyu toplama sistemlerinin sürdürülebilir su yönetimi stratejilerinde etkin ve önemli bir çözüm olabileceğini doğrulamakta ve bu tür sistemlerin yaygınlaştırılmasının gerekliliğini güçlü bir şekilde vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca, üniversite ortamında sürdürülebilir yaklaşımların benimsenmesi, gençleri çevreye duyarlı uygulamalara teşvik etmek açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu tür projeler, genç nesillerin sürdürülebilirlik konusunda bilinçlenmesini ve gelecekte daha çevreci bireyler olarak yetişmesini sağlamaktadır.

References

  • Abalos MS., Opiña PV. An analysis of roof rainwater harvesting: A catalyst to water demand management. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 2024.
  • Abreham T., Tesseme T., Mulugeta E. Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting as an alternative source of water supply for higher institutes in Ethiopia: The case of Wachemo University, Main Campus. In Degradation and Water Management in Ethiopia. Springer 2024.
  • Adity AT. Rooftop rainwater control-Combining storage tank, vegetation, and rooftop retention. Ryerson University Thesis 2024.
  • Adugna D., Jensen MB., Lemma B., Gebrie GS. Assessing the potential for rooftop rainwater harvesting from large public institutions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018; 15(2): 336.
  • AFPRO-UNICEF. Manual on construction and maintenance of household-based rooftop water harvesting systems. Report prepared by Action for Food Production (AFPRO) for United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) 2006.
  • Akash N., Nandsingh PP., Satpalsingh PV., Raval P. Model of Rainwater Harvesting System 2020.
  • Al-Houri ZM., Abu-Hadba OK., Hamdan KA. The potential of rooftop rainwater harvesting as a water resource in Jordan: Featuring two application case studies. International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering 2014; 8(2): 147-153.
  • Ali I., Jain S. Design of rooftop rainwater harvesting structure in a university campus. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 2014; 3(8): 15652-15653.
  • Alkan MO., Hepcan Ş. Determination of rainwater harvesting potential: A case study from Ege University. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 2022; 19(2): 259-266.
  • Alharthi A., Spichkova M., Hamilton M. Sustainability requirements for eLearning systems: A systematic literature review and analysis. Requirements Engineering 2019; 24: 523-543.
  • Anchan SS., Prasad HS. Feasibility of rooftop rainwater harvesting potential: A case study of South Indian University. Cleaner Engineering and Technology 2021; 4: 100206.
  • Anthony B., Majid M., Romli A., Anwar S. Green campus governance for promoting sustainable development in institutions of higher learning: Evidence from a theoretical analysis. World Review of Science Technology and Sustainable Development 2020; 16(2): 141.
  • Ariyani D., Wulandari A., Juniati A., Arini RN. Rainwater harvesting for water security in campus (case study: Engineering Faculty in University of Pancasila). Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021; 1858(1): 012020.
  • Asaad M., Hassan GF., Elshater A., Afifi S. Comparative study of green neighbourhood assessment tools for assessing existing urban form in MENA region. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 2024; 106: 107502.
  • Chaimoon N. The observation of rainwater harvesting potential in Mahasarakham University (Khamriang Campus). Advanced Materials Research 2013; 807: 1087-1092.
  • Chakrabarty R., Mohiuddin KABM. Techno-economic analysis of a small-scale rainwater harvesting system for producing drinking water at KUET campus. Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development 2024.
  • Corrêa JDP., Fernandes LL., Blanco CJC., Neves RR. Proposal of rainwater harvesting coefficient (RWHC) for determination of effectively usable rainfall depth, relevant to rainwater harvesting systems design. RBRH 2018; 23: e15.
  • Dawodu A., Dai H., Zou T., Zhou H., Lian W., Oladejo J., Osebor F. Campus sustainability research: Indicators and dimensions to consider for the design and assessment of a sustainable campus. Heliyon 2022; 8(12).
  • El-Nwsany RI., Maarouf I., Abd el-Aal W. Water management as a vital factor for a sustainable school. Alexandria Engineering Journal 2019; 58(1): 303-313.
  • Eren B., Aygün A., Likos S., Damar Aİ. Yağmur suyu hasadı: Sakarya Üniversitesi Esentepe kampüs örneği. International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science (ISITES), 3-5 Kasım, Antalya, 2016.
  • Ertop H., Kocięcka J., Atilgan A., Liberacki D., Niemiec M., Rolbiecki R. The importance of rainwater harvesting and its usage possibilities: Antalya example (Turkey). Water 2023; 15(12): 2194.
  • Ferreira A., Sousa V., Pinheiro M., Meireles I., Silva CM., Brito J., Mateus R. Potential of rainwater harvesting in the retail sector: A case study in Portugal. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2023; 30(14): 42427-42442.
  • Google Earth. Istanbul Aydin University Map 2024.
  • Gould J., Nissen-Petersen E. Rainwater catchment systems for domestic supply. 1999.
  • Hajjar H., Kılınç İK., Ülker E. Rainwater harvesting potential in public buildings: A case study in Katip Celebi University. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 2020; 9(Özel Sayı): 167-172.
  • Han M. Rainwater: Drain? Or collect?, that is the question. Environmental Engineering Research 2013; 18(2): 55-56.
  • Hanafiah M. Rainwater harvesting system (MYRAWAS): Towards upscaling water-conserving practice at university level. Environment & Ecosystem Science 2018; 2(1): 10-12.
  • Islam S., Lefsrud M., Adamowski J., Bissonnette B., Busgang A. Design, construction, and operation of a demonstration rainwater harvesting system for greenhouse irrigation at McGill University, Canada. HortTechnology 2013; 23(2): 220-226.
  • Kalıpcı E., Başer V., Genç N. Coğrafi bilgi sistemi kullanarak yağmur suyu hasadının değerlendirilmesi: Giresun Üniversitesi kampüs örneği. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi 2021; 10(1): 49-58.
  • Mishra SS., Shruthi BK., Jeevan Rao H. Design of rooftop rainwater harvesting structure in a university campus. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 2020; 8(5): 3593-3598.
  • Msuya O. Rainwater harvesting as a strategic planning management of COVID-19 pandemic among public secondary schools in Tanzania. East African Journal of Education and Social Sciences 2022; 3(3): 83-93.
  • Muftuoglu TD., Oral HV. The hydraulic approach relevant to circularity on sustainable water catchment. In: Nature-based Solutions for Circular Management of Urban Water. Springer, Cham 2024; 353-370.
  • Müftüoğlu TD. Evaluating rainwater harvesting potential of concrete and tile roofings for detached houses in Aydın, Turkey. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2024; 7(3): 1096-1115.
  • Özölçer İH. Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi 2016; 6(1): 22-34.
  • Rahman S., Khan M., Akib S., Din N., Biswas P., Shirazi S. Sustainability of rainwater harvesting system in terms of water quality. The Scientific World Journal 2014; 2014: 1-10.
  • Ravelo-García A., Castañon-Bautista MC., Pitones-Rubio JA. Rainwater harvesting at universities: Case study Valle de las Palmas. Renewable Energy, Biomass & Sustainability 2023; 5(2): 1-11.
  • Saeedi I., Goodarzi M. Rainwater harvesting system: A sustainable method for landscape development in semiarid regions, the case of Malayer University campus in Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2020; 22(2): 1579-1598.
  • Saleem MM., Hussain A., Hanif H. Assessment of rooftop potential for solar energy and rainwater harvesting in Islamabad: A geospatial approach towards sustainable urban development. IJIST 2024; Special Issue: 97-112.
  • Samzadeh M., Din N., Abdullah Z., Mahyuddin N., Ismail M. Feasibility of vertical rainwater harvesting via in-situ measurement of wind-driven vertical rain loads on building facades in a tropical climate. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability 2021; 8(3): 27-45.
  • Saygın N., Ulusoy P. Sürdürülebilir kampüs tasarımı için yağmursuyu yönetimi ve yeşil altyapı teknikleri. Politeknik Dergisi 2011; 14(3): 223-231.
  • Seppor E. Jäätmete liigiti kogumise efektiivsuse hindamine Eesti Maaülikooli näitel. 2024.
  • Silvia CS., Ikhsan M., Safriani M., Gusmilia TP. Efficiency of rainwater harvesting at the roof campus buildings. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 2021; 1(3): 17-22.
  • Temizkan S., Kayılı MT. Yağmur suyu toplama sistemlerinde optimum depolama yönteminin belirlenmesi: Karabük Üniversitesi sosyal yaşam merkezi örneği. El-Cezeri 2021; 8(1): 102-116.
  • Teston A., Piccinini Scolaro T., Kuntz Maykot J., Ghisi E. Comprehensive environmental assessment of rainwater harvesting systems: A literature review. Water 2022; 14(17): 2716.
  • Turkish State Meteorological Service. Istanbul. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=undefined&m=ISTANBUL, last access: 26/09/2023.
  • Uslu A., Tuğcu A. Üniversite kampüsünde yağmur suyu hasadı potansiyelinin CBS tabanlı değerlendirilmesi: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi örneği. Tarım, Orman ve Su Bilimlerinde Yenilikçi Çalışmalar 2023; 25-43.
  • Ulker E., Tasci H. Determining rainwater harvesting potentials in municipalities by a semi-analytical method. AQUA—Water Infrastructure, Ecosystems and Society 2022; 71(2): 248-260.
  • Wei C., Zou S., Tao B., Wang W. Research about rain flood management in campus landscape design. 2017 International Seminar on Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology (ANIT 2017) 2017; 51-57. Atlantis Press.
  • Wikimaps. Map of Istanbul. 2023.Yükselir H., Ağaçsapan B., Çabuk A. Coğrafi bilgi sistemleri tabanlı çatıların yağmur suyu toplama kapasitesinin hesaplanması. GSI Journals Serie C: Advancements in Information Sciences and Technologies 2019; 1(2): 16-26.
  • Zang J., Kumar M., Werner D. Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation. Journal of Environmental Management 2021; 280: 111639.
  • Zhou J., Wang L., Ferdous N., Huang S. Rain down the drain: UBC Vancouver green rainwater infrastructure performance monitoring and future weather event modelling. 2024.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Water Harvesting, Water Resources Engineering, Water Resources and Water Structures
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Tevfik Denizhan Müftüoğlu 0000-0001-5836-3689

Hasan Volkan Oral 0000-0002-5743-1931

Publication Date March 12, 2025
Submission Date July 21, 2024
Acceptance Date November 17, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Müftüoğlu, T. D., & Oral, H. V. (2025). Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(2), 543-565. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1519458
AMA Müftüoğlu TD, Oral HV. Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of The Institute of Science and Techno. March 2025;8(2):543-565. doi:10.47495/okufbed.1519458
Chicago Müftüoğlu, Tevfik Denizhan, and Hasan Volkan Oral. “Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8, no. 2 (March 2025): 543-65. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1519458.
EndNote Müftüoğlu TD, Oral HV (March 1, 2025) Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8 2 543–565.
IEEE T. D. Müftüoğlu and H. V. Oral, “Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus”, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of The Institute of Science and Techno, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 543–565, 2025, doi: 10.47495/okufbed.1519458.
ISNAD Müftüoğlu, Tevfik Denizhan - Oral, Hasan Volkan. “Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8/2 (March 2025), 543-565. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1519458.
JAMA Müftüoğlu TD, Oral HV. Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of The Institute of Science and Techno. 2025;8:543–565.
MLA Müftüoğlu, Tevfik Denizhan and Hasan Volkan Oral. “Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, 2025, pp. 543-65, doi:10.47495/okufbed.1519458.
Vancouver Müftüoğlu TD, Oral HV. Implementing Rainwater Harvesting in Blocks for a Sustainable University Campus. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of The Institute of Science and Techno. 2025;8(2):543-65.

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