Research Article

HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE

Number: XXXIV March 31, 2026
EN TR

HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE

Abstract

Abstract Türkiye, with its strategic location between the African and Eurasian continents, has been a key region for Paleolithic dispersals. The province of Van in eastern Türkiye, with its geological and climatic characteristics, represents one of the vital waypoints along these dispersal routes. A field survey at the obsidian de-posits of Gürgürbaba Hill, located in the village of Ulupamir, north of Van, was conducted to investigate hominin migration between the three continents during the Pleistocene. Recent studies date these Late Acheulean sites to between approximately 424 kya and 311,000 ± 32 kya years ago, corresponding to the Middle Pleistocene interglacial period known as Marine Isotope Stage 9 (MIS 9). In the most recent survey of the area, a total of 2,832 obsidian lithic remains recovered from localities 018 and 020 were analyzed. Lithic data analysis using ArcGIS was applied to each artifact. The data were evaluated comparatively with both nearby sites and other localities at Gürgürbaba Hill. Locality GBT-018 and GBT-020 are technologically and typologically similar to other localities (GBT-010 and GBT-028) at Gürgürbaba Hill, as evidenced by the data. This finding is also supported by statistical analyses (PCA data). The presence of hand axes, Quina-type scrapers, and evidence of the Levallois technique within the industry suggests that Gürgürbaba served as a key link between the South Caucasus and the Levant. These findings provide further evidence of Middle Pleistocene homi-nin mobility across regions and their adaptation to high-plateau environments.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Archaeological Science

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 31, 2026

Submission Date

October 24, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: XXXIV

APA
Baykara, İ., & Turan, D. (2026). HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE. OLBA, XXXIV, 7-41. https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW
AMA
1.Baykara İ, Turan D. HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE. OLBA. 2026;(XXXIV):7-41. https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW
Chicago
Baykara, İsmail, and Didem Turan. 2026. “HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN TÜRKİYE”. OLBA, no. XXXIV: 7-41. https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW.
EndNote
Baykara İ, Turan D (March 1, 2026) HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE. OLBA XXXIV 7–41.
IEEE
[1]İ. Baykara and D. Turan, “HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE”, OLBA, no. XXXIV, pp. 7–41, Mar. 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW
ISNAD
Baykara, İsmail - Turan, Didem. “HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN TÜRKİYE”. OLBA. XXXIV (March 1, 2026): 7-41. https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW.
JAMA
1.Baykara İ, Turan D. HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE. OLBA. 2026;:7–41.
MLA
Baykara, İsmail, and Didem Turan. “HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN TÜRKİYE”. OLBA, no. XXXIV, Mar. 2026, pp. 7-41, https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW.
Vancouver
1.İsmail Baykara, Didem Turan. HIGH-PLATEAU ADAPTATION AND LATE ACHEULEAN INDUSTRY AT GÜRGÜRBABA HILL (LOCALITIES 018 AND 020), VAN / TÜRKİYE. OLBA [Internet]. 2026 Mar. 1;(XXXIV):7-41. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA69KC94PW