Research Article

A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS

Number: XXXIV March 31, 2026
EN TR

A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS

Abstract

This study examines the marble sculptures discovered during the excavations of the Tralleis Bath-Gymnasium complex, focusing on their typological, iconographic and stylistic aspects. According to information recorded by Strabo, the Gymnasium of Tralleis, an ancient city in the Caria Region renowned for sculpture during the Hellenistic and Roman Imperial Periods, dates back to the Hellenistic Period and was damaged in an earthquake that occurred in 26 BC. It was restored with the support of Augustus. Accordingly, in the ancient city of Tralleis, which was renamed Caesaria during the Early Imperial Period, a new program of sculpture was implemented alongside the architecture in different spaces such as the frigidarium, tepidarium, and caldarium that were added to the gymnasium structure, which was redesigned during the Roman Imperial Period. The artifacts discussed in this study are finds from the Bath-Gymnasium complex, which was added to the Hellenistic gymnasium structure in the 2nd centu-ry AD in the imperial plan type. Previous studies presented relief artifacts, which were particularly used to decorate the caldarium section. The majority of these reliefs are dated to the reign of Emperor Nerva and the period following it. The sculptural works examined in this study were the result of an architecture related sculptural program, being found in different areas of the complex, which was redesigned in the Hadrianic period and the following years. The sculptural works is dated to the post-Nerva period of the Tralleis Bath-Gymnasium complex. The aim is to establish chronological continuity within the history of the structure. Small fragments of the draped female sculptures which is thought to be divine figures have been preserved. Iconographically, a Hygieia sculpture, associated with health and hygiene in the Bath, along with Satry and Pan sculptures linked

Keywords

References

  1. Akgün-Kaya 2016 Akgün-Kaya, E., “Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde Anadolu’daki Sofistlerin-Retorların Sınıfsal Özellikleri ve Toplumsal Yaşamdaki Etkileri”, CEDRUS IV, 261-285.
  2. Akkan et al. 2016 Akkan, Y. – N. Öztürk – M. Karaosmanoğlu, “2017 Yılı Tralleis Antik Kenti Kazı ve Restorasyon Çalışmaları”, KST 40/3, 173-184.
  3. Arrigoni 2011 Arrigoni, G., “Culti pubblici e privati di Hygieia”, LANX 10, 9-36.
  4. Atalay 1989 Atalay, E., Weibliche Gewandstatuen des 2. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. aus ephesischen Werkstätten, Wien.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Archaeological Science

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 31, 2026

Submission Date

October 10, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 19, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: XXXIV

APA
Kapuci, U. (2026). A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS. OLBA, XXXIV, 245-276. https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN
AMA
1.Kapuci U. A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS. OLBA. 2026;(XXXIV):245-276. https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN
Chicago
Kapuci, Umut. 2026. “A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS”. OLBA, no. XXXIV: 245-76. https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN.
EndNote
Kapuci U (March 1, 2026) A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS. OLBA XXXIV 245–276.
IEEE
[1]U. Kapuci, “A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS”, OLBA, no. XXXIV, pp. 245–276, Mar. 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN
ISNAD
Kapuci, Umut. “A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS”. OLBA. XXXIV (March 1, 2026): 245-276. https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN.
JAMA
1.Kapuci U. A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS. OLBA. 2026;:245–276.
MLA
Kapuci, Umut. “A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS”. OLBA, no. XXXIV, Mar. 2026, pp. 245-76, https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN.
Vancouver
1.Umut Kapuci. A GROUP OF SCULPTURES FROM THE BATH-GYMNASIUM COMPLEX IN TRALLEIS. OLBA [Internet]. 2026 Mar. 1;(XXXIV):245-76. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA78ZX75KN