Farklı Sulama Suyu Tuzluluk Seviyelerinin Çeltikte Çimlenme ve Erken Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2, 407 - 420, 04.07.2023

Hamide Duman , Elif Öztürk , Hasan Akay

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1296440

Öz

Çeltik (Oryza sativa L.), dünya nüfusunun yarısından fazlasının temel besin kaynağını ve günlük kalori ihtiyacının neredeyse yarısını sağlayan hayati bir tahıl grubudur. Bununla birlikte, çeltik, çimlenme ve erken fide gelişimi sırasında tuz stresine karşı hassastır. Bu çalışma, farklı NaCl ve CaCl2+ konsantrasyonlarının çeltik çimlenmesi ve erken fide gelişimi üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada ülkemizde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen Efe çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ülkemizde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen Efe çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Tohumlar, fide ve erken büyüme dönemlerinde 7 farklı NaCl ve CaCl+2 konsantrasyon seviyesinde hazırlanan solüsyonlar kullanılarak çimlendirildi ve sulandı: 0.38 dS m-1 (T0), 1.5 dS m-1 (T1), 3 dS m-1 (T2), 5 dS m-1 (T3), 7 dS m-1 (T4), 9 dS m-1 (T5) ve 11 dS m-1 (T6). Çimlenme oranı tohum ekiminden 5 gün sonra, fide büyüme parametreleri ile yaprak ve kök mineral içerikleri ise ekimden 15 gün sonra incelenmiştir. Tuz toleransı ve canlılık indeksi değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. İncelenen özellikler arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Tuz konsantrasyonu arttıkça çimlenme oranı ve erken fide büyüme özellikleri azalmıştır. Kök mineral içeriğine bakıldığında, tuzluluk arttıkça Na+, K+ ve Ca+2 mineral içerikleri artarken, K+/Na+ ve Ca2+/Na+ oranları azalmıştır. Benzer şekilde fide mineral içeriği bakımından tuzluluk arttıkça Na+, K+ ve Ca+2 artarken, K+/Na+ ve Ca2+/Na oranları azalmıştır. Bu bulgular, çeltik bitkilerinin çimlenme ve erken fide büyüme aşamalarında tuz stresine duyarlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapılan analizler, ülkemizde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen Efe çeltik çeşidi için %80 çimlenme için maksimum tuz konsantrasyonunun 7 dS m-1 (T3) olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çeltik, Tuz Stresi, Mineral İçeriği, Fide Gelişimi, Büyüme

The Effect of Different Irrigation Water Salinity Levels on Rice Germination and Early Seedling Development

Öz

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a vital cereal group that provides the basic food source for over half of the world's population and almost half of the daily calorie requirement. However, rice is susceptible to salt stress during germination and early seedling development. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different NaCl and CaCl2+ concentrations on rice germination and early seedling development. The Efe variety, commonly grown in our country, was used in the study. The study utilized the Efe variety, commonly grown in our country. Seeds were germinated and irrigated during the seedling and early growth stages using solutions prepared at 7 different NaCl and CaCl+2 concentration levels: 0.38 dS m-1 (T0), 1.5 dS m-1 (T1), 3 dS m-1 (T2), 5 dS m-1 (T3), 7 dS m-1 (T4), 9 dS m-1 (T5), and 11 dS m-1 (T6). The germination rate was examined 5 days after seed planting, while seedling growth parameters and leaf and root mineral contents were examined 15 days after planting. Salt tolerance and vigor index values were calculated. The study was conducted with 3 replications according to the randomized complete block design. Statistically significant differences were observed among the studied traits. The germination rate and early seedling growth traits decreased as the salt concentration increased. Regarding root mineral content, as salinity increased, Na+, K+, and Ca+2 increased while the K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios decreased. Similarly, regarding seedling mineral content, as salinity increased, Na+, K+, and Ca+2 increased while the K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios decreased. These findings indicate that rice plants are sensitive to salt stress during the germination and early seedling growth stages. The analysis showed that the maximum salt concentration for 80% germination was 7 dS m-1 (T3) for the Efe rice variety commonly grown in our country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rice, Salinity Stress;, Mineral Content, Seedling Establishment, Growth.

Kaynakça

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