Evaluation of Wheat Landrace Germplasm for Agronomic Disease Susceptibility and Quality Traits Using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Markers

Year 2025, Volume: 40 Issue: 2, 221 - 238, 30.06.2025

Sumaira Salahuddin Lodhi Alvina Gul , Peter John , Rabia Amir , Faiza Munir , Muhammad Jamil , Hadi Alipour Bengü Türkyılmaz Ünal , Münir Öztürk

Abstract

In the study, the genetic variation in agronomic, disease resistance and quality traits of seventy-three wheat landraces from Pakistan was analyzed by using 65 Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) assays. This research was intended to underpin the alleles for economically important genes in wheat landraces. Alleles, Rht-B1a and Rht-B1b were found in 64% and 30% of the population; while Rht-D1a and Rht-D1b were identified in 90% and 10% of the population respectively. Alleles responsible for flowering time Ppd-B1 were detected as sensitive in 46%, and insensitive in 44% of the population while 56 % and 39% insertion and deletions spanning 2Kb distance were observed in Ppd-D1. Similarly, 8, 15 and 2 assays were performed to study the genetic variation in vernalization, yield and drought tolerance. About 18% of the landraces were found with TaDREB_B1a allele which is drought tolerant. Unfortunately, more than eighty percent of wheat landraces were found to be susceptible to leaf rust confirmed with six assays. In addition, more than 90% of landraces were susceptible to stripe rust, stem rust and Fusarium head blight. Identified novel alleles from the current panel of wheat landraces can be used for marker-assisted as well genomic selection by breeding programs.

Keywords

agronomic traits , disease resistance , drought tolerance , Triticum spp.

Rekabetçi Alel-Spesifik PCR (KASP) İşaretleyicileri Kullanılarak Buğday Yerel Bitki Germ-Plazmasının Tarımsal Hastalıklara Duyarlılık ve Kalite Özellikleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Çalışmada, Pakistan'daki yetmiş üç yerel buğday çeşidinin agronomik, hastalık direnci ve kalite özelliklerindeki genetik varyasyon, 65 Rekabetçi Alel Spesifik PCR (KASP) tahlili kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, yerel buğday çeşitlerinde ekonomik açıdan önemli genlere ilişkin alelleri belirlemektir. Aleller, Rht-B1a ve Rht-B1b popülasyonun %64 ve %30'unda bulunmuştur; Rht-D1a ve Rht-D1b sırasıyla popülasyonun %90 ve %10'unda tanımlanmıştır. Çiçeklenme zamanından sorumlu olan aleller Ppd-B1 popülasyonun %46'sında duyarlı, %44'ünde duyarsız olarak tespit edilirken, Ppd-D1'de 2kb mesafeyi kapsayan %56 ve %39'luk insersiyon ve delesyonlar gözlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde vernalizasyon, verim ve kuraklık toleransındaki genetik çeşitliliği incelemek için 8, 15 ve 2 tahlilleri yapılmıştır. Yerel çeşitlerde yaklaşık %18'i kuraklığa dayanıklı TaDREB_B1a aleli ile bulunmuştur. Ne yazık ki, yerel buğday türlerinin yüzde sekseninden fazlasının yaprak pasına duyarlı olduğu altı testle doğrulanmıştır. Ek olarak, yerel türlerin %90'ından fazlası şerit pası, gövde pası ve Fusarium baş yanıklığına karşı hassas olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mevcut yerel buğday çeşitleri panelinden tanımlanan yeni aleller, ıslah programlarıyla genomik seçimin yanı sıra işaretleyici destekli olarak da kullanılabilir.

Keywords

tarımsal özellikler , hastalık direnci , kuraklığa tolerans , Triticum spp.

Thanks

Laboratory experiments and pre-preparations of the manuscript were completed in Pakistan. The final evaluation was completed in Turkey. Our sincere thanks go to the respective universities for permitting our collaboration in this study.

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