The Effects of Long-Term Land Uses on Organic Carbon Associated With Aggregate Fractions in the Çarşamba Plain

Year 2025, Volume: 40 Issue: 2, 257 - 276, 30.06.2025

Abdelrahman Abdelkarem Mostafa Mohamed , Edip Erhan Küçük , Serkan İç , Mustafa Sağlam

Abstract

Land uses and associated management practices can significantly change soil properties in agricultural areas. These changes in soil properties can cause both a decrease in soil fertility in agricultural areas and an increase in the sensitivity of agricultural soils to various processes such as climate change, erosion, and desertification. The current study investigated the effects of long-term land use types on soil properties in alluvial soils located in the Çarşamba plain. Soil properties such as aggregate size distribution, soil organic carbon (SOC) content associated with aggregates and soil organic carbon stock (SOCStock), structure stability index (SSI), aggregate stability index (ASI), unstable aggregate index (ELT), mean weighted diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) were measured in soil samples collected from five different land use types (vegetable, cherry, persimmon, maize, and rice) and three different soil depths (0.0-7.5 cm, 7.5-15.0 cm, and 15.0-30.0 cm). The results showed that different land use types statistically affected all the examined soil properties (p<0.05, p<0.01). The highest and lowest SSI values were obtained in persimmon land use (2.2%) and rice land use (1.8%), respectively, while the same land uses were found to have the statistically highest values (0.8) for ASI. Vegetable land use had the highest statistical impact on aggregate-associated SOC content across most of the examined aggregate sizes. Therefore, it is recommended to perform rotation cropping systems that increase organic matter (OM) input to reduce the adverse effects of land uses and soil management on aggregates-related SOC content and SOCStock in alluvial areas.

Keywords

Land Use , Aggregate Size Distribution , Soil Organic Carbon Stock , Structure Stability Index , Stability Idex

Ethical Statement

This study did not require ethics committee approval.

Supporting Institution

This study did not receive financial support from any institution.

Thanks

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Çarşamba Ovasında Agregat Fraksiyonları ile İlişkili Organik Karbon Üzerine Uzun Süreli Arazi Kullanımlarının Etkileri

Abstract

Arazi kullanımı ve onunla ilişkili yönetim uygulamaları tarımsal alanlardaki toprak özelliklerini önemli ölçüde değiştirebilmektedir. Toprak özelliklerinde meydana gelen bu değişimler hem tarımsal alanlarda toprak verimliliğinin azalmasına hem de tarımsal toprakların iklim değişikliği, erozyon, çölleşme gibi çeşitli süreçlere hassasiyetinin artmasına neden olabilmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, Çarşamba ovasında yer alan alüviyal topraklarda, uzun süreli arazi kullanım tiplerinin toprak özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Beş farklı arazi kullanım tipinden (sebze, kiraz, Trabzon hurması, mısır ve çeltik) ve üç farklı toprak derinliğinden (0.0-7.5 cm, 7.5-15.0 cm, ve 15.0-30.0 cm) alınan toprak örneklerinde agregat büyüklük dağılımı, agregatlar ile ilişkili toprak organik karbon (TOK) içeriği ve toprak organik karbon stoğu (TOKStoğu), strüktür stabilite indeksi (SSI), agregat stabilite indeksi (ASI), kararsız agregat indeksi (AIKararsız) ,ortalama ağırlıklı çap (OAÇ) ve geometrik ortalama çap (GOÇ) gibi toprak özellikleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar, farklı arazi kullanım tiplerinin incelenen bütün toprak özelliklerini istatistiksel olarak (p<0.05, p<0.01) etkilediğini göstermiştir. En yüksek ve en düşük SSI değerleri sırasıyla Trabzon hurması arazi kullanımı (% 2.2) ve çeltik arazi kullanımında (%1.8) elde edilirken, aynı arazi kullanımlarının ASI için istatistiksel olarak en yüksek değerlere (0.8) sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sebze arazi kullanımı, incelenen agregat büyüklük fraksiyonlarının büyük çoğunluğunda agregatlar ile ilişkili TOK içeriği üzerine en yüksek istatistiksel etkiyi ortaya koymuştur. Bu nedenle, alüviyal alanlarda arazi kullanımları ve toprak yönetimlerinin agregatlar ile ilişkili TOK içeriği ve TOKStoğu üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak için organik madde (OM) girişini artıran rotasyon ekim sistemlerinin uygulanması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Arazi Kullanımı , Agregat Büyüklük Dağılımı , Toprak Organik Karbon Stoğu , Strüktür Stabilite İndeksi , Stabilite İndeksi

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