Bölgesel, İl ve Aday Hakem Klasmanlarındaki Futbol Hakemlerinin Fiziksel Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Futbol hakemlerinin, pozisyonlara yakın olmaları ve doğru açıyı yakalayabilmeleri, verilen kararların doğruluğunu etkileyeceği için fiziksel performanslarının bilinmesi ve artırılması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı klasmandaki futbol hakemlerinin; aerobik ve anaerobik güç, izokinetik kuvvet, dikey sıçrama ve sürat performanslarının karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya 25 erkek futbol hakemi gönüllü olarak katılmış ve hakemler 7 aday hakem (yaş:19,85±1,34 yıl; boy uzunluğu:177,42±4,79 cm.; vücut ağırlığı:62,37±7,59 kg.), 11 il hakemi (yaş:23,36±3,38 yıl; boy uzunluğu:179±5,70 cm.; vücut ağırlığı:68,01±8,48 kg.) ve 7 bölgesel hakem (yaş:27,28±3,35 yıl; boy uzunluğu:179,42±6,37 cm.; vücut ağırlığı:73,32±6,74 kg.) olmak üzere 3 (üç) klasmanda değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların kuvvet değerleri (Cybex Izokinetik Dinamometre) ve anaerobik güç performansları (Wingate Bisiklet Ergometresi) laboratuvar ortamında, aerobik güç (Cooper Testi), dikey sıçrama (iVMES Athlete) ve sürat performansları saha ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin normallik dağılımına uygunluğu Shapiro-Wilk testi ile incelenmiştir. Hakemlerin fiziksel performanslarının klasmanlarına (bölgesel hakem, il hakemi ve aday hakem) göre karşılaştırılmasında Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) testi kullanılmıştır. Hakemlerin VO2max, dikey sıçrama, sürat, relatif zirve güç (w/kg) ve izokinetik kuvvet performanslarının klasmanlarına göre farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir (p>0,05). Mutlak zirve güç (bölgesel hakem: 781,63±105,91; il hakemi: 705,82±122,78; aday hakem: 603,50±115,86), relatif zirve güç (bölgesel hakem: 10,86±1,41; il hakemi: 10,34±1,10; aday hakem: 9,66±1,39) ve relatif ortalama güç (bölgesel hakem: 7,55±0,40; il hakemi: 6,83±0,71; aday hakem: 6,60±0,68) değerlerinde ise bölgesel hakemler lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, bölgesel hakemler, il hakemleri ve aday hakemler arasındaki bazı performans parametrelerinin farklılaştığı ve bölgesel hakemlerin fiziksel performanslarının daha yüksek seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Anaerobik Güç
• Futbol Hakemi
• İzokinetik Kuvvet

Comparıson of Physıcal Performance of Soccer Referees ın Regıonal, Provıncıal and Candıdate Referee Classıfıcatıons

Abstract

The physical performance of football referees is crucial, as their proximity to positions and ability to capture the correct angle directly influence the accuracy of their decisions. Therefore, understanding and enhancing their physical performance is of great importance. The aim of this study was to compare the aerobic and anaerobic power, isokinetic strength, vertical jump, and speed performance of football referees from different classifications. A total of 25 male football referees voluntarily participated in the study, categorized into three groups: 7 candidate referees (age: 19.85±1.34 years; height: 177.42±4.79 cm; body weight: 62.37±7.59 kg), 11 provincial referees (age: 23.36±3.38 years; height: 179±5.70 cm; body weight: 68.01±8.48 kg), and 7 regional referees (age: 27.28±3.35 years; height: 179.42±6.37 cm; body weight: 73.32±6.74 kg). Participants' strength values (Cybex Isokinetic Dynamometer) and anaerobic power performance (Wingate Cycle Ergometer) were measured in a laboratory setting, while aerobic power (Cooper Test), vertical jump (iVMES Athlete), and speed performance were assessed in a field setting. The normality of data distribution was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. One-way analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the physical performance of referees across classifications (regional, provincial, and candidate referees). No significant differences were found among the classifications in terms of VO2max, vertical jump, speed, relative peak power (w/kg), and isokinetic strength performance (p>0.05). However, significant differences were observed in favor of regional referees in absolute peak power (regional referees: 781.63±105.91; provincial referees: 705.82±122.78; candidate referees: 603.50±115.86), relative peak power (regional referees: 10.86±1.41; provincial referees: 10.34±1.10; candidate referees: 9.66±1.39), and relative mean power (regional referees: 7.55±0.40; provincial referees: 6.83±0.71; candidate referees: 6.60±0.68) (p<0.05). In conclusion, it was determined that some performance parameters differed between regional, provincial, and candidate referees and that regional referees had higher physical performance.

Keywords

• Anaerobic Power
• Soccer Referee
• İsokinetic Strength

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