Göç ve Demokrasinin Geleceği

Year 2019, Volume: 13 Issue: 19, 2125 - 2149, 30.09.2019

Fethi Nas

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.592954

Abstract

Yoğun bir göç hareketine
maruz kalan ülkelerde siyasal, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel farklılıklarda
artışlar görülmektedir. Bu farklıların bir arada varlığını sürdürmesi, uluslar
arası, ulusal ve yerel düzeyde belirlenen politikalarla mümkündür. Ulus devlet
anlayışına sahip demokratik ülkelerde, göçlerden kaynaklanan yeni tür sorunlar
ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu sorunlar arasında yabancı düşmanlığı ve aşırı sağ
partilerin yükselişi dikkat çekmektedir.Bu tür eğilimlerin artış göstermesi,
demokratik ilkelerin geleceği açısından son derece tehlikelidir. Devlet ve
hükümetlerin, ülkeye çeşitli yollardan gelen göçmenlerin yaşam koşullarını
düzenlemesi, toplum ile bütünleştirilmesi ve kamuoyunun bu konuda
bilinçlendirilmesi konusunda demokratik değerler çerçevesinde hareket etmesi
önemlidir. Aksi takdirde toplumsal yapıda farklılıklara karşı kutuplaştırıcı
ideolojiler baş gösterecek ve evrensel barışın tesisi zorlaşacaktır. Bu amaçla
çalışmada, göç ve demokrasi ile ilgili literatürde yer alan çalışmalar ile
uluslar arası kuruluşların yayınladığı raporlar incelenmiştir. Günümüz
dünyasında göç hareketlerinin artarak devam ettiği ve göçmen sayısının
özellikle gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde arttığı bilinmektedir.
Dolayısıyla göçmen veya yabancı olarak kabul edilen ve toplumsal bir gerçeklik
haline gelmiş olan bireylerin, mümkün olduğunca demokrasinin sağlamış olduğu
olanaklarla tanıştırılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir. 

Keywords

Göç, Demokrasi, Yurttaşlık, Seçme ve Seçilme Hakkı, Çokkültürcülük

Migration and the Future of Democracy

Abstract

There has been an increase in political, economic, social and cultural
differences that have been subjected to intensive migration. The coexistence of
these differences is possible with the policies agreed at international,
national and local level. In democratic countries which support the
nation-state approach, new problems arise from migrations. Among these
problems, xenophobia and the rise of right wing parties are the most important.
The increase of such tendencies is extremely dangerous for the future of
democratic principles. It is important that states and governments act within
the framework of democratic values to regulate the living conditions of
immigrants coming to the country in various ways, to integrate them with
society and to raise public awareness on this issue. Otherwise, polarizing
ideologies will emerge against differences in social structure and the
establishment of universal peace will be difficult. For this purpose in the
study the literature on migration and democracy and some reports published by
international organizations are examined. In today's world, it is known that
migration movements continue to increase and the number of migrants increases
especially in developed and developing countries. Therefore, it is thought to
be beneficial to introduce individuals who are accepted as immigrants or
foreigners and have become a social reality with the opportunities provided by
democracy as much as possible in such countries.

Keywords

Migration, Democracy, Citizenship, Suffrage, Multiculturalism

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