The Assessment of Effect of Occupational Manganese Exposure on Cognition and Quantitative EEG Variables

Öz

Occupational Mn exposure results in extrapyramidal system findings and cognitive impairment. We aimed to evaluate the effect of occupational exposure to Mn on cognition and quantitative EEG (qEEG) data in Mn exposed workers. One hundred seventy-five workers with occupational Mn exposure were included in this study. Pallidal index (PI) values were calculated in T1 weighted sequence of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The presence of T1 hyperintensity on MRI was evaluated by two independent neurologists. The serum, spot urine, and 24-hour urine samples were measuredMn levels. The total scores of MoCA test and sub-groups were determined. The qEEG measures were analyzed. Right/left PI values in manganese exposed group were statistically higher than in control group (p<0.001).A positive correlation was detected between serum Mn levels and PI values and MRI T1 hyperintensity. There was no correlation between PI values and MoCA total/subgroup scores or qEEG measures. MoCA total score, abstraction and memory scores were found to be low in workers with T1 hyperintensity. No association between PI values, MoCA total or subtotal scores and qEEG data was determined in Mn exposed workers. When T1 hyperintensity was detected by the clinician on MRI, abstraction and memory were found to be the first cognitive functions affected at that time. These parameters could be used by occupational physicians as a screening test to assess cognition in periodic examinations of welders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pallidal index
• quantitative EEG
• welder
• manganese

Mesleki Mangan Maruziyetinin Kognisyon ve Kantitatif EEG Verileri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Mesleki Manganez (Mn) maruziyeti ekstrapiramidal sistem bulgularına ve bilişsel etkilenmeye neden olur. Mesleki Mn maruziyetinin kognisyon ve kantitatif EEG (qEEG) verileri üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Bu çalışmaya mesleki Mn maruziyeti olan 175 erkek işçi dahil edildi. Beyin manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRI) T1 sekansında pallidal indeks (PI) değeri hesaplandı. Beyin MRI’da T1 hiperintensitesinin varlığı çift kör iki nörolog tarafından değerlendirildi. Kan, spot idrar ve 24 saatlik idrar manganez seviyeleri kaydedildi. MoCA testi toplam puanları ile yürütücü işlevler, dikkat, bellek gibi alt grupların puanları belirlendi. Kantitatif EEG (qEEG) verileri analiz edildi. Manganez maruziyeti olanların sağ ve sol PI değeri, kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek saptandı (p<0.001). Serum Mn düzeyi ile PI değeri ve MRI’ da T1 hiperintensitesi arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edildi. PI değerleri ile MOCA toplam puanı, subgrup puanları veya kantitatif EEG verileri arasında herhangi bir korelasyon saptanmadı (p>0.05). T1 hiperintensitesi saptananlarda MoCA toplam puanı, soyut düşünme ve tekrarlama puanının düşük olduğu saptandı. Mn maruziyeti olanlarda MRG’ de T1 hiperintesitesinin klinisyen tarafından farkedilmesi ile bilişsel fonksiyonların etkilendiği ve bu etkilenmenin öncelikle tekrarlama ve soyut düşünmede olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu parametreler, iş yeri hekimlerince, kaynakçıların periyodik muayenelerinde kognisyonun değerlendirilmesi için tarama testi olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pallidal indeks
• kantitatif EEG
• kaynakçı
• manganez

Kaynakça

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