Interferon-Gamma Inducible Protein-10: Not a Mortality Marker for COVID-19 Disease

Abstract

Objective: Interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10) released from macrophages is associated with thrombosis. We aimed to investigate patients' biochemical markers following severe COVID-19, concentrating on the role of IP-10 in mortality. Materials and Methods: In our study, we retrospectively evaluated data from 88 (females, 44.3%) severe patients followed in our university hospital's intensive care unit (ICU). We obtained demographic and laboratory data from our study population's files and electronic records, including D-dimer, ferritin, uric acid, IP-10 values, and other biochemical markers. Results: The mean age of all 88 patients with COVID-19 infection followed in the ICU was 70.5 ±10 years. The median for lymphocyte count was 1.3 (1-2.1) vs 0.8 (0.5-1.1) K/uL, ferritin 151 (90.7-255) vs 624 (296-1254) mcg/L, D-dimer 386 (293.5-650) vs 1280 (871-2245) ug/L, LDH 220 (185-286) vs 429.5 (368-560) U/L with a p-value of <0.05 in survivors vs non-survivors respectively. On the other hand, the level of IP-10 was 21.3 (13.2-31.6) vs 26.6 (11.4-43.6) pg/mL with a p-value of 0.04. Conclusions: In this study, in which non-survivors and survivors were compared in severe COVID-19 patients, it was found that ferritin and D-dimer were good predictors of mortality, while IP-10 could not be a predictor of mortality.

Keywords

• Biomarker
• COVID-19
• IP-10
• mortality

İnterferon-gamma ile İndüklenebilir Protein-10: COVID-19 Hastalığı için Bir Ölüm Göstergesi Değildir

Öz

Amaç: Makrofajlardan salınan interferon-gama indüklenebilir protein-10 (IP-10) tromboz ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışma, şiddetli COVID-19 nedeniyle takip edilen hastaların biyokimyasal belirteçlerini ve IP-10'un mortaliteyi göstermedeki rolünü araştırmayı amaçladı. Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmada üniversite hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) takip edilen 88 (Kadın %44,3) ağır hastanın retrospektif verileri değerlendirildi. Demografik ve laboratuvar verileri ile D-dimer, Ferritin, Ürik asit, IP-10 değerleri ve diğer biyokimyasal belirteçlere ilişkin veriler ölen ve yaşayan hastaların dosyalarından elde edildi. Bulgular: Yoğun bakımda takip edilen COVID-19 enfeksiyonlu 88 hastanın yaş ortalaması 70,5 ±10 idi. Hayatta kalan gurupta, lenfosit sayısı 1,3 (1-2,1) K/uL, ferritin 151 (90,7-255), D-dimer 386 (293,5-650), LDH 220 (185-286) iken, ölen hastalarda ise, lenfosit sayısı 0,8 (0,5-1,1), ferritin 624 (296-1254) mcg/L, D-dimer 1280 (871-2245) ug/L, LDH 429.5 (368-560) U/L saptandı. Bu parametrelerde p değeri <0,05 idi. Buna karşılık, hayatta kalmayanlarda serum IP-10 seviyeleri hayatta kalanlar da 21,3 (1,2-31,6) pg/mL iken ölen hastalarda 26,6 (11,4-43,6) pg/mL, p=0,04. Sonuç: Şiddetli COVID-19 hastalarında hayatta kalmayanlar ve hayatta kalanların karşılaştırıldığı bu çalışmada, ferritin, ve D-dimerin mortalite için iyi bir tahmin edici potansiyeli olduğu, IP-10'un ise bir belirleyici olamayacağı bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyobelirteç
• COVID-19
• IP-10
• mortalite

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