Research Article

Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes

Volume: 11 Number: 2 June 21, 2026
EN TR

Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate how sociodemographic and gender equality–related variables, along with attitudes toward gender roles, influence sexual health literacy among women aged 18-49. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 316 women across Türkiye between July and September, 2025, through social media and online communication platforms. The data were gathered using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS), and the Sexual Health Literacy Scale (SHLS). For the analysis process, descriptive statistics, independent group comparisons, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Results: The variables that were significantly associated with participants’ sexual health literacy were egalitarian attitudes toward gender roles (β=0.265), joint decision-making with a spouse at home (β=0.241), having a nuclear family (β=0.197) and an egalitarian/modern extended family structure (β=0.172), and having received gender equality education (β=0.173). The research model significantly explained 25% of the variance in sexual health literacy (R²=0.250; p<0.001). Conclusion: Sexual health literacy is shaped not only by individual knowledge levels but also by women’s social environment, family structure, and attitudes toward gender roles. As a result, interventions aimed at improving women’s sexual health literacy should incorporate holistic approaches that promote egalitarian social norms, support women’s active participation in family decision-making processes, and enhance gender awareness.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None

Ethical Statement

Before starting data collection, ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Mersin University on July, 9, 2025 with decision number 2025/783. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Permission to use the scales was obtained via email from the researchers who developed them. Additionally, participants were asked to check the statement “I agree to participate in the study” if they consented to take part. Participants who did not declare their consent were unable to proceed with the online form, ensuring informed consent from all women included in the study.

Thanks

The author are deeply grateful to all women who participated and supported the study.

References

  1. 1. Lindqvist A, Sendén MG, Renström EA. What is gender, anyway: a review of the options for operationalising gender. Psychol Sex. 2021;12(4):332-344. doi:10.1080/19419899.2020.1729844
  2. 2. King T, Singh A, Milner A, M Epi AM. Associations between gender-role attitudes and mental health outcomes in a nationally representative sample of Australian adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2019;65:72-78. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.01.011
  3. 3. Damaske S. Gender, family, and healthcare during unemployment: Healthcare seeking, healthcare work, and self‐sacrifice. J Marriage Fam. 2022;84(1):291-309. doi:10.1111/jomf.12801
  4. 4. Dehghankar L, Panahi R, Khatooni M, et al. The association between sexual health literacy and sexual function of women in Iran. J Educ Health Promot. 2022;11(1):11. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_414_21
  5. 5. Vamos CA, Thompson EL, Logan RG, et al. Exploring college students’ sexual and reproductive health literacy. J Am Coll Health. 2020;68(1):79-88. doi:10.1080/07448481.2018.1515757
  6. 6. Ouahid H, Sebbani M, Cherkaoui M, Amine M, Adarmouch L. The influence of gender norms on women’s sexual and reproductive health outcomes: a systematic review. BMC Womens Health. 2025;25(1):1-23. doi:10.1186/s12905-025-03768-2
  7. 7. World Health Organization (WHO). Gender and health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/gender#tab=tab_1. Accessed October 3, 2025.
  8. 8. World Health Organization (WHO). Social Determinants of Health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1. Accessed February 12, 2026.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Obstetrics and Gynocology Nursing

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 21, 2026

Submission Date

October 4, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 5, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 11 Number: 2

APA
Aksoy Can, A. (2026). Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences, 11(2), 130-138. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1797141
AMA
1.Aksoy Can A. Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes. OTJHS. 2026;11(2):130-138. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1797141
Chicago
Aksoy Can, Ahu. 2026. “Factors Associated With Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes”. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences 11 (2): 130-38. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1797141.
EndNote
Aksoy Can A (June 1, 2026) Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences 11 2 130–138.
IEEE
[1]A. Aksoy Can, “Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes”, OTJHS, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 130–138, June 2026, doi: 10.26453/otjhs.1797141.
ISNAD
Aksoy Can, Ahu. “Factors Associated With Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes”. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences 11/2 (June 1, 2026): 130-138. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1797141.
JAMA
1.Aksoy Can A. Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes. OTJHS. 2026;11:130–138.
MLA
Aksoy Can, Ahu. “Factors Associated With Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes”. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 130-8, doi:10.26453/otjhs.1797141.
Vancouver
1.Ahu Aksoy Can. Factors Associated with Sexual Health Literacy Among Women Aged 18-49: Sociodemographic and Gender Equality Related Variables and Gender Role Attitudes. OTJHS. 2026 Jun. 1;11(2):130-8. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1797141

Creative Commons License
 

Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi [Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS)] is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

This is an open-access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC 4.0). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or name of the journal is credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Click here to get help about article submission processes and "Copyright Transfer Form".