Ergenler Arasında Fiziksel Aktivite, Egzersiz Öz-Yeterlilik Düzeyi ve Davranış Değişikliği Aşamalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı adölesanlarda fiziksel aktivite, egzersiz öz-yeterlik düzeyi ve egzersiz davranışındaki değişim aşamalarını değerlendirmektir.

Materyal ve Metot: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini bir lisede okuyan 529 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Örnek seçim yöntemi kullanılmamıştır. Nüfusun tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmış ve çalışma 500 öğrenciyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri kişisel bilgi anketi, Egzersiz Öz-etkililik Ölçeği, Egzersiz Değişim Aşamaları Kısa Soru Formu ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi-Kısa Form kullanılarak toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmada adölesanların % 37,6'sının orta düzeyde fiziksel olarak aktif olduğu ve % 36,4'ünün egzersiz değişim aşamalarından düşünme öncesi aşamada olduğu belirlenmiştir. Adölesanlarda egzersiz öz-etkililik skoru orta düzeyde (13,64 ± 6,06) bulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler, adölesanların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arttıkça egzersiz öz-etkililik puanlarının arttığını göstermiştir.

Sonuç: Adölesanların hem egzersiz değişim aşamaları hem de fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arttıkça egzersiz öz-etkililik puanlarının arttığı saptanmıştır. Adölesanların fiziksel aktivite yapmaları için şartlarının uygun hale getirilmesi, uygun zamanın sağlanması ve gençlerin bu konuda isteklerinin arttırılması için eğitim verilmesi önerilmektedir. Eğitimlerin, adölesanların içinde bulundukları değişim aşamaları gözönünde bulundurularak yapılması tavsiye edilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adölesanlar
• egzersiz
• fiziksel aktivite
• öz-etkililik
• sağlık davranışı

An Assessment of Physical Activity, Exercise Self-Efficacy Level and Stages of Behaviour Change among Adolescents

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the level of physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and the stages of change for exercise behavior among adolescents.

Materials and Methods: This research was conducted as descriptive. The study population consisted of 529 students attending at a high school. No sample selection method was used. The whole of the population was tried to be reached and the study was carried out with 500 students. The data for the study were collected using a personal information questionnaire, the Exercise Self-efficacy Scale Questionnaire, the Exercise Stages of Change Short Form and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form.

Results: The study found that 37,6% of the adolescents were physically active at a moderate level and 36,4% were in the pre-contemplation stage of exercise change phases. The mean exercise self-efficacy score among the adolescents was moderate (13,64±6,06). Data analysis showed that as the physical activity levels of adolescents increased, their exercise self-efficacy scores increased.

Conclusion: It was found that exercise self-efficacy scores of adolescents increased as both exercise change stages and physical activity levels increased. It is recommended to provide training for adolescents in order to make their conditions suitable for physical activity, to provide appropriate time and to increase the desire of young people in this regard. It is recommended that the trainings be conducted taking into account the stages of change adolescents are in.  

Keywords

• Adolescents
• exercise
• health-related behavior
• physical activity
• self-efficacy

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