Ergenler Arasında Fiziksel Aktivite, Egzersiz Öz-Yeterlilik Düzeyi ve Davranış Değişikliği Aşamalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 554 - 561, 01.12.2021

Mücahide Öner , Hasret Yalçınöz Baysal

https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.795079

Cited By: 1

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı adölesanlarda fiziksel aktivite, egzersiz öz-yeterlik düzeyi ve egzersiz davranışındaki değişim aşamalarını değerlendirmektir.

Materyal ve Metot: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini bir lisede okuyan 529 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Örnek seçim yöntemi kullanılmamıştır. Nüfusun tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmış ve çalışma 500 öğrenciyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri kişisel bilgi anketi, Egzersiz Öz-etkililik Ölçeği, Egzersiz Değişim Aşamaları Kısa Soru Formu ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi-Kısa Form kullanılarak toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmada adölesanların % 37,6'sının orta düzeyde fiziksel olarak aktif olduğu ve % 36,4'ünün egzersiz değişim aşamalarından düşünme öncesi aşamada olduğu belirlenmiştir. Adölesanlarda egzersiz öz-etkililik skoru orta düzeyde (13,64 ± 6,06) bulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler, adölesanların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arttıkça egzersiz öz-etkililik puanlarının arttığını göstermiştir.

Sonuç: Adölesanların hem egzersiz değişim aşamaları hem de fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arttıkça egzersiz öz-etkililik puanlarının arttığı saptanmıştır. Adölesanların fiziksel aktivite yapmaları için şartlarının uygun hale getirilmesi, uygun zamanın sağlanması ve gençlerin bu konuda isteklerinin arttırılması için eğitim verilmesi önerilmektedir. Eğitimlerin, adölesanların içinde bulundukları değişim aşamaları gözönünde bulundurularak yapılması tavsiye edilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adölesanlar , egzersiz , fiziksel aktivite , öz-etkililik , sağlık davranışı

Proje Numarası

0

An Assessment of Physical Activity, Exercise Self-Efficacy Level and Stages of Behaviour Change among Adolescents

Öz

Objective: This study aims to assess the level of physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and the stages of change for exercise behavior among adolescents.

Materials and Methods: This research was conducted as descriptive. The study population consisted of 529 students attending at a high school. No sample selection method was used. The whole of the population was tried to be reached and the study was carried out with 500 students. The data for the study were collected using a personal information questionnaire, the Exercise Self-efficacy Scale Questionnaire, the Exercise Stages of Change Short Form and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form.

Results: The study found that 37,6% of the adolescents were physically active at a moderate level and 36,4% were in the pre-contemplation stage of exercise change phases. The mean exercise self-efficacy score among the adolescents was moderate (13,64±6,06). Data analysis showed that as the physical activity levels of adolescents increased, their exercise self-efficacy scores increased.

Conclusion: It was found that exercise self-efficacy scores of adolescents increased as both exercise change stages and physical activity levels increased. It is recommended to provide training for adolescents in order to make their conditions suitable for physical activity, to provide appropriate time and to increase the desire of young people in this regard. It is recommended that the trainings be conducted taking into account the stages of change adolescents are in.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolescents , exercise , health-related behavior , physical activity , self-efficacy

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

0

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

• World Health Organization, 2015. European ministers of health adopt strategy to tackle physical inactivity in 53 WHO Member States. http://www.euro.who.int/en/media-centre/sections/press-releases/2015/09/european-ministers-of-health-adopt-strategy-to-tackle-physical-inactivity-in-53-who-member-states. Accessed April 13, 2020.
• World Health Organization, 2018. Physical Activity. http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity/ . Accessed April 13, 2020.
• Tek Acar N, Mortaş H, Arslan S, Tatar T, Köse S. The physical activity level is low in young adults: a pilot study from Turkey. American Journal of Public Health Research. 2020;8(1):7-13.
• Aksoydan E, Çakır N. Evaluation of nutritional habits, physical activity levels and body mass indexes of adolescents. Gülhane Medical Journal. 2011;53:264-270.
• Cengiz C, Tilmaç K. High school students’ exercise-related stages of change and physical activity self-efficacy. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research. 2018;73:59-76. doi:10.14689/ejer.2018.73.4
• Prochaska, JO, DiClemente CC. Transtheoretical therapy: toward a more integrative model of change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice. 1982;19(3):276. doi: 10.1037/h0088437
• Bandura A. Social Cognitive Theory: an agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol, 2001; 52: 1-26.
• Sarkin JA, Johnson SS, Prochaska JO, Prochaska JM. Applying the transtheoretical model to regular moderate exercise in an overweight population: validation of a stages of change measure. Prev Med 2001; 33: 462-469.
• Kim YH. Application of the transtheoretical to identify psychlogical constructs influencing exercise behavior: aquestoonnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2007; 44: 936-44.
• Public Health Institution of Turkey, 2016. Obesity Disease and Metabolic Diseases http://beslenme.gov.tr/. Accessed April 15, 2020.
• Oral C, Aktop A. Examination of exercise self-efficacy levels and exercise behavior change stages of university students. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport. 2014;2:287-300. doi:10.14486/IJSCS201
• Banfield M, McGorm K, Sargent G. Health promotion in schools: a multi-method evaluation of an Australian School Youth Health Nurse Program. BMC Nursing. 2015;14(1):21. doi:10.1186/s12912-015-0071-0
• Han H, Gabriel KP, Kohl HW. Application of the transtheoretical model to sedentary behaviors and its association with physical activity status. PloS One. 2017;12(4):1-8. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176330
• Marcus BH, Selby VC, Niaura RS, Rossi JS. Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behavior change. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 1992;60-66.
• Ay S, Bayık-Temel A. Adaptation of model-based exercise behavior change scales over the theories to Turkish adults: validity and reliability study. Izmir University Medical Journal. 2015;1:29-45.
• Marcus BH, Rossi JS, Selby VC, Niaura RS, Abrams DB. The stages and processes of exercise adoption and maintenance in a worksite sample. Health Psychology. 1992;11:386-385. doi:10.1037//0278-6133.11.6.386
• Craig CL, Mashall AL, Sjöström M, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12- country reliability and validity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2003;35:1381-1395.
• Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111(1):278-284. doi:10.2466/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284
• Fidancı I, Arslan I. Assocation of physical activity and smoking status with Madd and anxiety in adolescant. Ankara Medicine Journal. 2016;16(1):1-12. doi:10.17098/amj.77013
• Memiş UA, Yıldıran I. The relationship between childhood and adolescence physical activity experiences and adult physical activity level.  Gazi Physical Education and Sport Sciences Journal. 2008;13(1):13-32.
• Santos MS, Fermino RC, Reis RS, Cassou AC, Anez CRR. Barriers related to physical activity practice in adolescents. A focus group study. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano. 2010;12(3):137-143. doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2010v12n3p137
• Kim Y, Kang SJ, Hwang J. Physical activity distribution and differences in its related processes of change strategies in adolescents. Journal of Sport Psychology. 2017;26(4):5-9.
• Moattari M, Shafakhah M, Sabet Sarvestani R. Assessing stages of exercise behavior change, self efficacy and decisional balance in ıranian nursing and midwifery students. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Widwifery. 2013;1(2):121-129.
• Tümer A, Aslan S. Yetişkinlerin egzersiz davranışının transteoretik modele göre incelenmesi. Sağlık ve Toplum. 2013;(23)1:24-31.
• Yalcinoz Baysal H, Hacıalioğlu N. The effect of a transtheoretical model-based education and follow-up on providing overweight women with exercise behavior. International Journal of Caring Sciences. 2017;10(1):225-234.
• Ataş L, Yurdalan US, Isci E. Evaluation of cardiovascular responses to single-session moderate to severe aerobic exercise in young adults. Marmara University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2014;4(3):22-29. doi:10.5455/musbed.20140711030956
• Ribeiro FA, Boff RM, Feoli AM, et al. Randomized clinical trial of a motivational interdisciplinary intervention based on the transtheoretical model of change for lifestyle modification in overweight/obese adolescents: MERC study protocol. International Journal of Clinical Trials. 2016;3(4):225-232. doi:10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20163961
• Pochaska JO, Marcus BH. The transtheoretical model: aplications to exercise. In: Dishman RK, ed. Advances in Exercise Adherence. Champaign,IL: Human Kinetics, 1994:61-180.
• Horiuchi S, Tsuda A, Kobayashi H, Fallon EA, Sakano Y. Self-efficacy, pros, and cons as variables associated with adjacent stages of change for regular exercise in Japanese college students. J Health Psychol. 2016;22(8):1-11. doi: 10.1177/1359105315621779
• Velde SJ, Lankhorst K, Zwinkels M, Verschuren O, Takken T, Groot J, on behalf of the HAYS study group. Associations of sport participation with self-perception, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life among children and adolescents with a physical disability or chronic disease-a cross-sectional study. Sports Med. 2018;4(38):2-11. doi: 10.1186/s40798-018-0152-1