Determining the Spiritual Well-Being and Quality of Life of Caregivers of Cancer Patients

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 17.04.2023

Remziye Semerci Neşe Uysal Eda Şahin Esra Tayaz Sevil Özkan Hazal Özdemir Koyu Melahat Akgün Kostak Gözde Soyer Canan Pörücü

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1031420

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the spiritual well-being and quality of life of caregivers of cancer patients.
Methods: The descriptive study was conducted online with 104 caregivers of cancer patients in Turkey between November 2020 and April 2021. Data were collected with the Introductory Information Form, Quality of Life Scale for Caregivers of Cancer Patients, and Three-Factor Spiritual Well-Being Scale.
Results: It was determined that 84.62% of the caregivers were women, 73.08% needed spiritual care and 86.54% did not receive spiritual care support. In caregivers, quality-of-life scale mean score was 63.89±22.24, and 'Three-Factor Spiritual Well-Being Scale’ means score was 119.77±22.91. It was determined that the total scores of the quality-of-life scale in caregivers of cancer patients differed significantly according to gender, employment status, education level, and need for spiritual care. A positive correlation was found between the total mean score of caregivers on the Three-Factor Spiritual Well-Being Scale and the total and sub-dimensions of the Quality of Life Scale for Caregivers of Cancer Patients (p<0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the quality of life of the caregivers was moderate, and that there was a positive significant relationship between their spiritual well-being and quality of life, and that as the spiritual well-being of the caregivers increased, their quality of life also increased. It is recommended that oncology nurses evaluate the spiritual well-being and quality of life of caregivers within the scope of holistic care, and plan and conduct training and consultancy services accordingly to this issue.

Keywords

Caregivers, spiritual well-being, oncology nursing, spirituality, quality of life

Kanserli Hastalara Bakım Verenlerin Manevi İyilik Durumları ve Yaşam Kalitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kanser hastalarına bakım veren bireylerin manevi iyilik durumları ve yaşam kalitelerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türde yürütülen bu çalışma, Kasım 2020-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’de kanser tedavisi alan hastalara bakım veren 104 birey ile online olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma verileri Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Kanserli Hastalara Bakım Verenlerde Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği ve Üç Faktörlü Spiritüel İyi Oluş Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza katılan bakım verenlerin %84.62’sinin kadın olduğu, %73.08’inin manevi bakıma ihtiyaç duyduğu ve %86.54’ünün manevi bakım desteği almadığı belirlenmiştir. Kanserli Hastalara Bakım Verenlerde Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 63.89±22.24, Üç Faktörlü Spiritüel İyi Oluş Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 119.77±22.91 olduğu saptanmıştır. Bakım verenlerde yaşam kalitesi ölçeği toplam puanlarının cinsiyet, çalışma durumu, eğitim düzeyi ve manevi bakıma ihtiyaç duyma durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Üç Faktörlü Spiritüel İyi Oluş Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması ile Kanserli Hastalara Bakım Verenlerde Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği toplam puan ve alt boyut puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı korelasyon olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.001).
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada bakım veren bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin orta düzeyde olduğu ve spiritüel iyi oluş düzeyleri ile yaşam kalitesi arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu bakım verenlerin spiritüel iyilikleri arttıkça yaşam kalitelerinin de arttığı bulundu. Onkoloji hemşirelerinin holistik bakım kapsamında bakım verenlerin manevi iyilik hali ve yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmesi, bu doğrultuda eğitim ve danışmanlık hizmetlerini planlaması ve yürütmesi önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Bakım verenler, manevi iyilik hali, onkoloji hemşireliği, spritüalite, yaşam kalitesi

References

• Abbasi A, Mirhosseini S, Basirinezhad MH, Ebrahimi H. (2020). Relationship between caring burden and quality of life in caregivers of cancer patients in Iran. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(9), 4123-4129.
• Adams RN, Mosher CE, Cannady RS, Lucette A, Kim Y. (2014). Caregiving experiences predict changes in spiritual well‐being among family caregivers of cancer patients. Psycho‐Oncology, 23(10), 1178-1184.
• Applebaum AJ, Breitbart W. (2013). Care for the cancer caregiver: A systematic review. Palliative & Supportive Care, 11(3), 231-252.
• Bai M, Lazenby M. (2015). A systematic review of associations between spiritual well-being and quality of life at the scale and factor levels in studies among patients with cancer. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 18(3), 286-298.
• Burnette D, Duci V, Dhembo E. (2017). Psychological distress, social support, and quality of life among cancer caregivers in Albania. Psycho‐Oncology, 26(6), 779-786.
• Cheng Q, Liu X, Li X, Wang Y, Mao T, Chen Y. (2019). Improving spiritual well-being among cancer patients: implications for clinical care. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(9), 3403-3409.
• Counted V, Possamai A, Meade T. (2018). Relational spirituality and quality of life 2007 to 2017: An integrative research review. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 16(1), 1-18.
• Delgado-Guay MO, Parsons HA, Hui D, Cruz MGD, Thorney S, Bruera E. (2013). Spirituality, religiosity, and spiritual pain among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 30(5), 455-461.
• Ekşi H, Kardaş S. (2017). Spiritual Well-Being: Scale development and validation. Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 73-88.
• Fadıloğlu Ç, Ateş M. (2018). Palyatif bakım sürecinde aile ve bakım vericiler. In Yıldırım Y, Fadıloğlu, Ç. (Eds.), Palyatif Bakım: Semptom Yönetimi ve Yaşam Sonu Bakım. Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, Ankara. pp:151-175.
• Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191.
• Finley JP. (2018). Caregiver café: Providing education and support to family caregivers of patients with cancer. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 22(1), 91-96.
• Gabriel I, Creedy D, Coyne E. (2020). A systematic review of psychosocial interventions to improve quality of life of people with cancer and their family caregivers. Nursing Open, 7(5), 1299-1312.
• Gabriel, I., Creedy, D., & Coyne, E. (2021). Quality of life and associated factors among adults living with cancer and their family caregivers. Nursing & health sciences, 23(2), 419-429.
• Geng H, Chuang D, Yang F, Yang Y, Liu W, Liu L ve ark. (2018). Prevalence and determinants of depression in caregivers of cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 97(39), 1-8.
• Hashemi M, Irajpour A, Taleghani F. (2018). Caregivers needing care: The unmet needs of the family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 26(3), 759-766.
• Jimenez-Fonseca P, Lorenzo-Seva U, Ferrando, PJ, Carmona-Bayonas A, Beato C, García T ve ark. (2018). The mediating role of spirituality (meaning, peace, faith) between psychological distress and mental adjustment in cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 26(5), 1411-1418.
• Johansen S. (2017). The effect of cancer patients' and their family caregivers' physical and emotional symptoms on caregiver burden. Cancer Nurs.; 20.
• Karabuga Yakar H, Pınar R. (2013a). Reliability and validity of Turkish version of the caregiver quality of life index cancer scale. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 14(7), 4415-4419.
• Karabuğa Yakar H, Pınar R. (2013b). Kanserli hastalara bakım veren aile üyelerinin yaşam kalitesi ve yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 15(2), 1-16.
• Kaya N, Bolol N, Ülgen S, İşçi Ç, Özen S, Akgün G. (2018). Kanserli bireyin bakımından sorumlu yakınlarının yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörler. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 8(1), 25-35.
• Kent EE, Rowland JH, Northouse L, Litzelman K, Chou WYS, Shelburne N ve ark. (2016). Caring for caregivers and patients: Research and clinical priorities for informal cancer caregiving. Cancer, 122(13), 1987-1995.
• Kim H, Yi M. (2015). Unmet needs and quality of life of family caregivers of cancer patients in South Korea. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 2(3), 152-159.
• Kurt S, Ünsar S, Erol E. (2020). Kanserli hastalara bakım verenlerin yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1), 43-48.
• Lafcı D, Yıldız E, Toru F, Karakaya D. (2020). Kanser hastalarında bakım yükü ve bakım verenlere etkisi. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 7(2), 105-113.
• Lai C, Luciani M, Di Mario C, Galli F, Morelli E, Ginobbi P, ve ark. (2018). Psychological impairments burden and spirituality in caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients. European Journal of Cancer Care, 27(1), e12674.
• Lamino DA, Turrin, RNT, Kolcaba K. (2014). Cancer patients caregivers comfort. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 48, 278-284.
• Northouse L, Katapodi MC, Schafenacker AM, Weiss D. (2012). The impact of caregiving on the psychological well-being of family caregivers and cancer patients. Seminars in Oncology Nursing 28, 236–245.
• Ochoa CY, Lunsford NB, Smith JL. (2020). Impact of informal cancer caregiving across the cancer experience: A systematic literature review of quality of life. Palliative & Supportive Care, 18(2), 220-240.
• Oechsle K. (2019). Current advances in palliative & hospice care: Problems and needs of relatives and family caregivers during palliative and hospice care—An overview of current literature. Medical Sciences, 7(3), 43.
• Öz, F. (2010). Sağlık Alanında Temel Kavramlar (Yenilenmiş 2. Baskı ed.). Mattek Matbaacılık. 1-9 Paredes AC, Pereira MG. (2018). Spirituality, distress and posttraumatic growth in breast cancer patients. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(5), 1606-1617.
• Røen I, Brenne AT, Brunelli C, Stifoss-Hanssen H, Grande G, Solheim TS ve ark. (2021). Spiritual quality of life in family carers of patients with advanced cancer-A cross-sectional study. Supportive Care in Cancer, 29, 5329–5339.
• Sankhe A, Dalal K, Agarwal V, Sarve P. (2017). Spiritual care therapy on quality of life in cancer patients and their caregivers: a prospective non-randomized single-cohort study. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(2), 725-731.
• Selman LE, Brighton LJ, Sinclair S, Karvinen I, Egan R, Speck P ve ark. (2018). Patients’ and caregivers’ needs, experiences, preferences and research priorities in spiritual care: A focus group study across nine countries. Palliative Medicine, 32(1), 216-230.
• Sibeoni J, Picard C, Orri M, Labey M, Bousquet G, Verneui L ve ark. (2018). Patients’ quality of life during active cancer treatment: a qualitative study. BMC Cancer, 18(1), 1-8.
• Spatuzzi R, Giulietti MV, Ricciuti M, Merico F, Fabbietti P, Raucci L ve ark. (2019). Exploring the associations between spiritual well-being, burden, and quality of life in family caregivers of cancer patients. Palliative & Supportive Care, 17(3), 294-299.
• Ugalde A, Gaskin CJ, Rankin NM, Schofield P, Boltong A, Aranda S ve ark. (2019). A systematic review of cancer caregiver interventions: Appraising the potential for implementation of evidence into practice. Psycho‐Oncology, 28(4), 687-701.
• Vespa A, Spatuzzi R, Merico F, Ottaviani M, Fabbietti P, Meloni C ve ark. (2018). Spiritual well-being associated with personality traits and quality of life in family caregivers of cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 26(8), 2633-2640.
• Wang YC, Lin CC. (2016). Spiritual well-being may reduce the negative impacts of cancer symptoms on the quality of life and the desire for hastened death in terminally ill cancer patients. Cancer Nursing, 39(4), 43-50.
• Xie H, Taylor EJ, Li M, Wang Y, Liang T. (2019). Nurse Spiritual Therapeutics Scale: Psychometric evaluation among cancer patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 28(5-6), 939-946.