Üstün Yetenekli Ergenler İçin Psikolojik Sağlamlık Psikoeğitim Programı Tasarımı

Year 2025, Erken Görünüm, 1 - 15

Osman Yağbasanlar , Mustafa Baloğlu

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.1519670

Abstract

Giriş: Üstün yetenekli ergenlerin erken çocukluktan yetişkinlik çağına kadar gerek güçlü yönleri gerekse güçlük yaşadığı alanlara ilişkin derinlemesine araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Alanyazında tespit edilen 11 adet mevcut psikolojik sağlamlık programının sadece bir tanesi üstün yetenekli ergenlere yöneliktir. Araştırmanın bulguları üstün yetenekli ergenlere yönelik bir psikolojik sağlamlık programında yer alması gereken elementlerin ortaya koyulmasında ve yeni programlar geliştirilmesinde alana katkı sağlayacaktır. Mevcut psikolojik sağlamlık programlarından hareketle, üstün yetenekli ergenlerin ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda bir psikolojik sağlamlık programının sahip olması gereken unsurlar belirlenmiş ve bir program tasarımı sunulmuştur.
Yöntem: Çocuklar ve ergenler için hazırlanan psikolojik sağlamlık programlarının içerik analizinden sonra, üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin sosyal-duygusal gelişimlerinin desteklenmesi amacıyla alanda çalışan psikolojik danışman/rehber öğretmenlerle bir ihtiyaç analizinin yapıldığı araştırma nitel araştırma modelinde yürütülmüştür.
Bulgular: Toplamda alanyazında mevcut 11 adet psikolojik sağlamlık programının içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bilim ve sanat merkezlerinde üstün yetenekli öğrenciler ile çalışan 71 kadın ve 43 erkek psikolojik danışman/rehber öğretmen ile yapılan ihtiyaç analizinden elde edilen veriler temelinde, üstün ergenler için hazırlanacak bir programda bulunması gereken temaların en çok tekrar edenden en aza doğru sıralaması şöyledir: Duygusal farkındalık ve duygu düzenleme (f = 243), öz düzenleme ve kariyer (f = 145), zorlayıcı yaşam olayları ve stres (f = 125), kendini tanıma ve öz farkındalık (f = 117), sosyal farkındalık ve etkileşim (f = 106), üstün yetenekliliğe bağlı özellikler (f = 82), düşünme süreçleri (f = 63) ve diğer (f = 39).
Tartışma: Psikolojik sağlamlık programlarının içerik analizinden ve ihtiyaç analizinden elde edilen bulgular üstün yeteneklilik alanının alanyazını ışığında tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 10 oturumdan oluşan 8 ana temanın/konunun programda yer aldığı bir psikoeğitim programı öneri olarak sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Üstün yeteneklilik, psikolojik sağlamlık, psikolojik sağlamlık programı, içerik analizi, ihtiyaç analizi

Design Of A Resilience Psychoeducation Program For Gifted Adolescents

Abstract

Introduction: There is a need for in-depth research on the strengths of gifted adolescents and the areas in which they experience difficulties from early childhood to adulthood. Only one of the 11 resilience programs identified in the literature is for gifted adolescents. The research findings will contribute to the field by revealing the elements that should be included in a resilience program for gifted adolescents and developing new programs. Based on the available resilience programs, the elements that a resilience program should have in line with gifted adolescents’ needs were identified, and a program design was presented.
Method: After the content analysis of the resilience programs prepared for children and adolescents, a needs analysis was performed with psychological counselors/guidance teachers working in the field to support gifted students’ social and emotional development.
Findings: A content analysis of 11 resilience programs available in the literature was conducted. Furthermore, based on the data from the needs analysis conducted with 71 female and 43 male psychological counselors/guidance teachers working with gifted students in science and art centers (BİLSEM), the following themes that should be included in a program to be prepared for gifted adolescents were determined, from the most repeated to the least repeated one: Emotional awareness and emotion regulation (f = 243), self-regulation and career (f = 145), challenging life events and stress (f = 125), self-knowledge and self-awareness (f = 117), social awareness and interaction (f = 106), giftedness-related characteristics (f = 82), thinking processes (f = 63), and other (f = 39).
Discussion: The findings from the content analysis and needs analysis of resilience programs were discussed in light of the literature on giftedness. Consequently, a 10-session psychoeducation program including eight main themes/topics was presented as a suggestion.

Keywords

Giftedness, resilience, resilience program, content analysis, needs analysis

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