Kalite kontrol, tamir ve sonradan karşılama ile üretim parti büyüklüklerinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Klasik ESM ve EÜM modellerinde, tüm ürünlerin iyi kalitede olduğu varsayımı her zaman geçerli değildir. Bazı durumlarda, üretim sistemi, insan hataları ve/veya makine ve ekipmanların aşınması nedeniyle belirli miktarda kusurlu ürün üretebilir. Literatürde kaliteli kontrol ile elde edilen hatalı ürünler hurda, yeniden işlenebilir, düşük kalite vb. olarak sınıflandırılır. Genel olarak düşük kaliteli ürünler, eleme işlemi sonunda partiler halinde indirimli fiyattan satılırken, hurda ürünler ise belirli bir maliyetle envanterden çıkartılır. Ayrıca kalite kontrol süreci sonunda tamir edilebilir ürünler yeniden çalışılarak kusursuz ürünlere dönüştürülür. Çalışmamızda talebi karşılayacak kusursuz ürünleri elde etmek için üretim döneminde kalite kontrol çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Kalan ürünler için ise üretim döneminin sonunda kalite kontrol faaliyeti başlar. Üretim sistemlerinde ön siparişe izin vermek, hem verimli üretim programları sağlar hem de işletme maliyetlerini düşürür. Bu çalışmada, tüm kusurlu ürünlerin rastgele bir oranla alınıp yeniden çalışıldığı, stoksuzluğa izin verilen bir EÜM modeli geliştirilmiştir. Model parametrelerindeki değişikliklerin optimal çözüm üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek ve uygun çözüm koşullarını elde etmek için duyarlılık analizleri de verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• EÜM
• Stoksuzluk
• tamir
• Sonradan karşılama
• Kalite kontrol
• Üretim parti büyüklüğü
• Sembolik hesaplama

Production lot sizing with quality screening, rework and shortages backordered

Abstract

In the classic EOQ and EPQ models, the assumption that all products are of good quality is not always valid. In some cases, the production system may produce a certain amount of defective products due to human errors and/or wear of machinery and equipment. In the literature, defective products obtained with quality screening are categorized as scrap, reworkable, low quality, etc. Generally, low-quality products are sold at a reduced price in lots at the end of the selection procedure, while scrap products are eliminated from the inventory at a certain cost. Reworkable products are also reworked at the end of the quality control period and turned into good products. In our study, screening activities are carried out during the production period in order to acquire the perfect items to run into the demand. For the remaining products, screening activity begins at the end of the production period. Allowing backorder in production systems both provides efficient production schedules and reduces operating costs. In this study, an EPQ model was constructed in which all defective products are taken at coincidental and reworked, and shortages are allowed. Sensitivity analyzes are also provided to evaluate the effects of changes in design variables on the optimal solution and to obtain feasible conditions.

Keywords

• EPQ
• Shortages
• Rework
• Backorder
• Quality screening
• Production lot sizing
• Symbolic computation

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