Research Article

Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye)

Number: Advanced Online Publication Early Pub Date: December 5, 2025
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Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye)

Abstract

The continued expansion of urban areas in the coming years will lead to rapid growth in the size and density of cities. Consequently, facing severe transportation challenges in the future will be inevitable. Addressing this issue requires increasing and diversifying transportation options. Bicycles can play a crucial role in this regard. Since bicycles are suitable for many urban transportation needs, they can significantly contribute to sustainable land-use planning, transportation, recreation, and economic development initiatives. In addition, the expansion of cycling will contribute to the formation of sustainable cities with more environmentally friendly and healthy uses by reducing energy consumption in transportation. However, despite the rapidly growing literature on bicycles in transportation and transportation planning, there is insufficient research on how to prioritize, select, and decide on investments in bicycle infrastructure. This study aims to identify criteria that can be considered in creating bicycle infrastructure systems in Turkey, where the benefits and importance of urban cycling are acknowledged, but a comprehensive national strategy for sustainable transportation and bicycles has yet to be fully developed. To achieve this, a comprehensive study emphasizing the importance of developing policies based on a holistic planning approach and the principle of participation was conducted. The study utilized the Delphi technique, which adopts a participatory planning approach. Over three rounds, criteria to consider in determining bicycle routes were categorized under three main headings: physical, visual, and social factors. As a result, several recommendations were developed for promoting bicycle use and establishing bicycle infrastructure in developing countries.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Transportation and Traffic

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Early Pub Date

December 5, 2025

Publication Date

-

Submission Date

May 17, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 12, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: Advanced Online Publication

APA
Dağ, V., & Mansuroğlu, S. (2025). Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.65206/pajes.83668
AMA
1.Dağ V, Mansuroğlu S. Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.65206/pajes.83668
Chicago
Dağ, Veysel, and Sibel Mansuroğlu. 2025. “Determining the Criteria for Bicycle Infrastructure in Developing Countries via Delphi Technique: The Case of Denizli (Türkiye)”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.65206/pajes.83668.
EndNote
Dağ V, Mansuroğlu S (December 1, 2025) Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Advanced Online Publication
IEEE
[1]V. Dağ and S. Mansuroğlu, “Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye)”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.65206/pajes.83668.
ISNAD
Dağ, Veysel - Mansuroğlu, Sibel. “Determining the Criteria for Bicycle Infrastructure in Developing Countries via Delphi Technique: The Case of Denizli (Türkiye)”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Advanced Online Publication (December 1, 2025). https://doi.org/10.65206/pajes.83668.
JAMA
1.Dağ V, Mansuroğlu S. Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025. doi:10.65206/pajes.83668.
MLA
Dağ, Veysel, and Sibel Mansuroğlu. “Determining the Criteria for Bicycle Infrastructure in Developing Countries via Delphi Technique: The Case of Denizli (Türkiye)”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, no. Advanced Online Publication, Dec. 2025, doi:10.65206/pajes.83668.
Vancouver
1.Veysel Dağ, Sibel Mansuroğlu. Determining the criteria for bicycle infrastructure in developing countries via delphi technique: The case of Denizli (Türkiye). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025 Dec. 1;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.65206/pajes.83668