İleri tedarik zinciri ağ tasarımı problemi: Sezgisel yaklaşımlar

Öz

Tedarik zinciri içindeki tesislerin yerlerinin belirlenmesi, aralarındaki ürün akışlarının maliyeti minimize edecek şekilde optimize edilmesi tedarik zinciri ağ tasarımı (TZAT) problemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. TZAT problemleri NP-zor sınıfına girmektedir. Dolayısıyla çoğu araştırmacı tarafından üzerinde çalışılan bir konudur. Ancak literatürde araştırmacıların adil karşılaştırmalar yapabileceği test problemler mevcut değildir. Bu sebeple, küçük boyuttan büyük boyuta kadar iki, üç ve dört aşamalı olmak üzere 450 adet TZAT test problemi geliştirilmiş, matematiksel olarak da modellenmiştir. Problemin çözüm karmaşıklığından dolayı biri genetik algoritma diğeri de melez sezgisel bir yaklaşım olmak üzere iki farklı çözüm yöntemi önerilmiştir. Önerilen yaklaşımlar geliştirilen test problemlere uygulanmış ve karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre önerilen sezgisel yaklaşımlar küçük boyutlu problemler için CPLEX ile elde edilen optimal sonuçları yakalamış, büyük boyutlu problemler için ise çok daha kısa sürede kabul edilebilir sonuçlar elde etmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tedarik zinciri ağ tasarımı,karma tamsayılı programlama,genetik algoritma,melez sezgisel algoritma.

Forward supply Chain network design problem: Heuristic approaches

Abstract

Determining positions and counting of actors, amount of product flow between and decreasing transportation costs are handled as a network design problem in supply chain management. Supply chain network design (SCND) problem belongs to the class of NP-hard problems. It has therefore appealed to a number of researchers’ close attention. However, existing literature lacks of common benchmark instances for forward SCND problems so as to make a fair comparison between developed and applied heuristic approaches. To this end, 450 new benchmark instances ranging from small to large size for forward SCND problems with two, three and four-echelon are generated and a mathematical model for each of the problems is formulated. Due to the complexity issues, we develop two heuristic solution approaches, genetic algorithm (GA) and hybrid heuristic algorithm (HHA), and we apply them to the large pool of benchmark instances. Comparative experiments show that both the GA and HHA can yield feasible solutions in much less computational time and, in particular, outperforms CPLEX regarding the solution quality as the number of echelon grows.

Keywords

• Supply chain network design,mixed integer programming,genetic algorithm,hybrid heuristic algorithm

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