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Longterm Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Pollution Maps in a University Campus

Year 2014, Volume: 20 Issue: 8, 314 - 318, 01.08.2014

Teoman Karadağ Ali Rıza Özdemir Teymuraz Abbasov

Abstract

Electric field intensity emitted by electromagnetic field sources of the base stations in the campus of Inonu University and other very high frequency electromagnetic field sources' spread which are effect above at campus field were done and the frequency-based electromagnetic intensity maps of the campus were prepared. According to achieved measurement conclusions, the results were evalauted by comparing the periodical changes. The field intensity values of the electromagnetic waves which have different frequencies were measured by making a spectrum analysis over 450 points in the range of 27MHz-3GHz frequency in 2011. Also, in 2013, electric field intensity values were measured with instant measurements over 6700 points in the range of 100kHz-8GHz frequency. The electromagnetic pollution maps were drawn with obtained electric field values and the results were evaluated. One of study aims, it was determined changing electric field intensity along two-year period in campus of university. Another one purpose is provided homogeneous distribution of electric field source at this area with electromagnetic pollution maps which are drawn by obtained datas from results of measurements, and determined possible risk areas.

Keywords

Long term measurements High frequency electromagnetic field Electromagnetic mapping.

References

  • Sorgucu U, Develi I. “Measurements and Analysis of Electromagnetic Pollution Generated by GSM-900 Mobile Phone Networks in Erciyes University, Turkey”. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 31(4), 404-415, 2012.
  • Ulaby FT. Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA, Prentice Hall, 2001.
  • Hutter HP, Moshammer H, Wallner P, Kundi M. “Subjective Symptoms, Sleeping Problems, and Cognitive Performance in Subjects Living Near Mobile Phone Base Stations”. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63(5), 307–313, 2006.
  • Franke H, Ringelstein EB, Stögbauer F. “Electromagnetic Fields (GSM 1800) Do Not Alter Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability to Sucrose in Models in Vitro with High Barrier Tightness”. Bioelectromagnetics, 26(7), 529-535, 2005.
  • Kuribayashi M, Wang J, Fujiwara O, Doi Y, Nabae K, Tamano S, Ogiso T, Asamoto M, Shirai T. “Lack of Effects of 1439 MHz Electromagnetic Near Field Exposure on the Blood- Brain Bioelectromagnetics, 26(7), 578-588, 2005. and Young Rats”.
  • Schüz J, Böhle E, Berg G, Schlehofer B, Hettinger I, Schlaefer K, Wahrendorf J, Kunna-Grass K, Blettner M. "Cellular Phones, Cordless Phones, and the Risks of Glioma and Meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany)". American Journal of Epidemiology, 163(6), 512–520, 2006.
  • Santini R, Santini P, Danze JM, Le Ruz P, Seigne M. “Investigation on the Health of People Living Near Mobile Telephone Relay Stations: I/Incidence According to Distance and Sex”. Pathologie Biologie, 50(6), 369–373, 2002.
  • Navarro AE Segura J, Portoles M, Gomez-Perretta C. “The Microwave Syndrome: A Preliminary Study in Spain”. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 22(2-3), 161–169, 2003.
  • Oberfeld G, Navarro AE, Portoles M, Maestu C, Gomez- Perretta C. “The Microwave Syndrome-Further Aspects of a Spanish Study”. 3rd International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Kos, Greece, 4-8 October 2004.
  • Abdel-Rassoul G, El-Fateh OA, Salem MA, Michael A, Farahat F, El-Batanouny M, Salem E. “Neurobehavioral Effects Among Inhabitants Around Mobile Phone Base Stations”. Neurotoxicology, 28(2), 434-440, 2007.
  • Balmori A, “Electromagnetic Pollution from Phone Masts. Effects on Wildlife”. Pathophysiology, 16(2-3), 191–199, 2009.
  • Kositsky NN, Nizhelska AI, Ponezha GV. “Influence of High- Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation at Non-Thermal Intensities on the Human Body”. No Place To Hide - Newsletter of the Cellular Phone Taskforce Inc., 3(1), 1–33, 2001.
  • Kemerov S, Marinkev M, Getova, D. “Effects of Low- Intensity Electromagnetic Fields on Behavioral Activity of Rats”. Folia Medica, 41(3), 75–80, 1999.
  • Adey R. Bioeffects of Mobile Communications Fields: Possible Mechanisms for Cumulative Dose. Editors: Kuster N, Balzano Q, Lin JC. Mobile Communications Safety 95-131, London, England, Chapman & Hall, 1997. [15] Lai H. “Biological Effects Electromagnetic Field”. Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 10, 1–8, 2005. of Radiofrequency
  • Galeev AL, “The Effects of Microwave Radiation from Mobile Telephones on Humans and Animals”. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 30(2), 187–194, 2000.
  • Persson T, Törnevik C, Larsson LE, Lovén J. “Output Power Distributions of Terminals in a 3G Mobile Communication Network”. Bioelectromagnetics, 33(4), 320-325, 2012.
  • Gajsek P, Ravazzani P, Wiart J, Grellier J, Samaras T, Thuroczy G. “Electromagnetic Field Exposure Assessment in Europe Radiofrequency Fields”. Journal of Exposure Science and Enviromental Epidemiology, 25(1), 37-44, 2015.
  • International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. “Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time- Varying Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300 GHz)” Healthy Physics Society, 74(4), 494-522, 1998.
  • BTK (Information Technologies and Communications Authority), GSM http://www.tk.gov.tr/tuketici/emd/baz_istasyon_on.pdf (06.12.2013). values for frequencies”. UMTS

Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları

Year 2014, Volume: 20 Issue: 8, 314 - 318, 01.08.2014

Teoman Karadağ Ali Rıza Özdemir Teymuraz Abbasov

Abstract

İnönü Üniversitesi yerleşke alanında bulunan baz istasyonlarının ve kampüs yerleşkesi üzerine etki eden diğer çok yüksek frekanslı elektromanyetik alan kaynaklarının yaydığı elektrik alan şiddetlerinin dönemsel ve uzun süreli ölçümleri yapılmış, yerleşkenin frekans bazlı elektromanyetik alan yoğunluk haritaları çıkarılmıştır. Elde edilen ölçüm sonuçlarına göre dönemsel değişimler kıyaslanarak sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. 2011 yılında 27 MHz-3GHz frekans aralığında spektrum analizi yapılarak yerleşke dâhilinde 450'nin üzerinde noktada, farklı frekanslara sahip elektromanyetik dalgaların alan şiddeti değerleri ölçülmüştür. 2013 yılında 100 kHz-8 GHz frekans aralığında anlık ölçümler ile 6700'ün üzerinde noktada elektrik alan şiddeti değerleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlarla, elektromanyetik alan kirlilik haritaları çizilmiş ve sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amaçlarından biri iki yıllık periyotta üniversite yerleşkesinde elektrik alan şiddetinin değişiminin belirlenmesidir; bir diğer amacı da ölçüm sonuçlarından elde edilecek verilerle çizilen elektromanyetik kirlilik haritaları ile bu bölgedeki elektrik alan kaynaklarının homojen dağılımının sağlanması ve olası risk bölgelerinin belirlenmesidir.

Keywords

Uzun sureli ölçümler Yüksek frekans elektromanyetik alan Elektromanyetik haritalama.

References

  • Sorgucu U, Develi I. “Measurements and Analysis of Electromagnetic Pollution Generated by GSM-900 Mobile Phone Networks in Erciyes University, Turkey”. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 31(4), 404-415, 2012.
  • Ulaby FT. Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA, Prentice Hall, 2001.
  • Hutter HP, Moshammer H, Wallner P, Kundi M. “Subjective Symptoms, Sleeping Problems, and Cognitive Performance in Subjects Living Near Mobile Phone Base Stations”. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63(5), 307–313, 2006.
  • Franke H, Ringelstein EB, Stögbauer F. “Electromagnetic Fields (GSM 1800) Do Not Alter Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability to Sucrose in Models in Vitro with High Barrier Tightness”. Bioelectromagnetics, 26(7), 529-535, 2005.
  • Kuribayashi M, Wang J, Fujiwara O, Doi Y, Nabae K, Tamano S, Ogiso T, Asamoto M, Shirai T. “Lack of Effects of 1439 MHz Electromagnetic Near Field Exposure on the Blood- Brain Bioelectromagnetics, 26(7), 578-588, 2005. and Young Rats”.
  • Schüz J, Böhle E, Berg G, Schlehofer B, Hettinger I, Schlaefer K, Wahrendorf J, Kunna-Grass K, Blettner M. "Cellular Phones, Cordless Phones, and the Risks of Glioma and Meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany)". American Journal of Epidemiology, 163(6), 512–520, 2006.
  • Santini R, Santini P, Danze JM, Le Ruz P, Seigne M. “Investigation on the Health of People Living Near Mobile Telephone Relay Stations: I/Incidence According to Distance and Sex”. Pathologie Biologie, 50(6), 369–373, 2002.
  • Navarro AE Segura J, Portoles M, Gomez-Perretta C. “The Microwave Syndrome: A Preliminary Study in Spain”. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 22(2-3), 161–169, 2003.
  • Oberfeld G, Navarro AE, Portoles M, Maestu C, Gomez- Perretta C. “The Microwave Syndrome-Further Aspects of a Spanish Study”. 3rd International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Kos, Greece, 4-8 October 2004.
  • Abdel-Rassoul G, El-Fateh OA, Salem MA, Michael A, Farahat F, El-Batanouny M, Salem E. “Neurobehavioral Effects Among Inhabitants Around Mobile Phone Base Stations”. Neurotoxicology, 28(2), 434-440, 2007.
  • Balmori A, “Electromagnetic Pollution from Phone Masts. Effects on Wildlife”. Pathophysiology, 16(2-3), 191–199, 2009.
  • Kositsky NN, Nizhelska AI, Ponezha GV. “Influence of High- Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation at Non-Thermal Intensities on the Human Body”. No Place To Hide - Newsletter of the Cellular Phone Taskforce Inc., 3(1), 1–33, 2001.
  • Kemerov S, Marinkev M, Getova, D. “Effects of Low- Intensity Electromagnetic Fields on Behavioral Activity of Rats”. Folia Medica, 41(3), 75–80, 1999.
  • Adey R. Bioeffects of Mobile Communications Fields: Possible Mechanisms for Cumulative Dose. Editors: Kuster N, Balzano Q, Lin JC. Mobile Communications Safety 95-131, London, England, Chapman & Hall, 1997. [15] Lai H. “Biological Effects Electromagnetic Field”. Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 10, 1–8, 2005. of Radiofrequency
  • Galeev AL, “The Effects of Microwave Radiation from Mobile Telephones on Humans and Animals”. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 30(2), 187–194, 2000.
  • Persson T, Törnevik C, Larsson LE, Lovén J. “Output Power Distributions of Terminals in a 3G Mobile Communication Network”. Bioelectromagnetics, 33(4), 320-325, 2012.
  • Gajsek P, Ravazzani P, Wiart J, Grellier J, Samaras T, Thuroczy G. “Electromagnetic Field Exposure Assessment in Europe Radiofrequency Fields”. Journal of Exposure Science and Enviromental Epidemiology, 25(1), 37-44, 2015.
  • International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. “Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time- Varying Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300 GHz)” Healthy Physics Society, 74(4), 494-522, 1998.
  • BTK (Information Technologies and Communications Authority), GSM http://www.tk.gov.tr/tuketici/emd/baz_istasyon_on.pdf (06.12.2013). values for frequencies”. UMTS
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Teoman Karadağ This is me

Ali Rıza Özdemir This is me

Teymuraz Abbasov This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 20 Issue: 8

Cite

APA Karadağ, T. ., Özdemir, A. R. ., & Abbasov, T. . (2014). Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(8), 314-318. https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2014.78941
AMA Karadağ T, Özdemir AR, Abbasov T. Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. August 2014;20(8):314-318. doi:10.5505/pajes.2014.78941
Chicago Karadağ, Teoman, Ali Rıza Özdemir, and Teymuraz Abbasov. “Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri Ve Kirlilik Haritaları”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 20, no. 8 (August 2014): 314-18. https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2014.78941.
EndNote Karadağ T, Özdemir AR, Abbasov T (August 1, 2014) Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 20 8 314–318.
IEEE T. . Karadağ, A. R. . Özdemir, and T. . Abbasov, “Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 314–318, 2014, doi: 10.5505/pajes.2014.78941.
ISNAD Karadağ, Teoman et al. “Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri Ve Kirlilik Haritaları”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 20/8 (August 2014), 314-318. https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2014.78941.
JAMA Karadağ T, Özdemir AR, Abbasov T. Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;20:314–318.
MLA Karadağ, Teoman et al. “Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri Ve Kirlilik Haritaları”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 8, 2014, pp. 314-8, doi:10.5505/pajes.2014.78941.
Vancouver Karadağ T, Özdemir AR, Abbasov T. Bir Üniversite Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;20(8):314-8.





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