Bitkisel ve süt bazlı protein kaynaklarından üretilen analog peynirlerin fiziko-kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve duyusal özellikleri ile aroma profilleri değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 26 Issue: 7, 1214 - 1222, 07.12.2020

Büşra Nur Esen Onur Güneşer Sinem Akyüz

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı bitkisel ve süt bazlı protein kaynakları kullanılarak peynir benzeri ürünlerin geliştirilmesidir. Bu amaçla, rennet kazein ve nohut unu kullanılarak üretilen peynirlerin bazı fizikokimyasal, mikrobiyolojik, aroma ve duyusal özelliklerinde meydana gelen değişimler 60 gün depolama süresince incelenmiştir. Peynir örneklerinin uçucu bileşenleri gaz kromatogrofisi-kütle spektrometresi ile saptanmıştır. Peynirlerin duyusal özellikleri ise duyusal spectrum analizi metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, depolama süresince tüm peynir örneklerine ait L, Hue ve Chroma değerlerinde önemli bir değişim belirlenmezken, depolama süresine bağlı olarak sertlik, kırılganlık, sakızımsılık ve çiğnenebilirlik değerlerinde önemli düzeyde bir düşüşün meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, peynirlerin suda çözünür azot, toplam serbest yağ asitliği değerleri, toplam mezofilik aerobik bakteri ve maya-küf sayılarında ise önemli bir artışın meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Süt bazlı protein kaynağı kullanılarak üretilen peynirlerde hekzanal, 2-heptanon, 2-etil hekzanol ve oktanoik asit; bitkisel protein bazlı peynirlerde ise asetik asit, p-simen, γ-terpinen, linalool ve timol yüksek konsantrasyonda belirlenen aroma maddeleridir. Süt proteini bazlı peynir benzeri üründe tatlı, tuzlu ve ekşi tatlar ile birlikte kremamsı ve kazein aromalarının yüksek yoğunlukta olduğu belirlenirken bitkisel protein bazlı peynir benzeri üründe ise tuzlu tat ile baharat ve hububat aromalarının yüksek yoğunlukta olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Her iki peynir benzeri ürünün duyusal nitelikler açısından kabul edilebilir olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Rennet kazein, Nohut unu, Analog peynir, Aroma, Duyusal analiz

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