Efficiency of L-DOPA+TiO2 modified RO membrane on salinity gradient energy generation by pressure retarded osmosis

Year 2024, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 395 - 404, 29.06.2024

Nuray Ateş Seda Saki Murat Gökçek Niğmet Uzal

Abstract

Harvesting energy from the salinity gradient of seawater and river water using pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) has been a major research topic of recent years. However, there is a need for efficient PRO membranes that can generate high power density and are pressure resistant, as the performance of current membranes on the market is poor. In this study, specific energy potential of PRO process using L-DOPA+TiO2 modified BW30-LE membrane was evaluated on synthetic and real water samples. Polyamide BW30-LE RO membrane was modified by L-DOPA, L-DOPA+0.5 wt% TiO2 and L-DOPA+1 wt% TiO2. The effect of hydraulic pressure and temperature on generation of power density were evaluated for 5, 10, and 15 bar pressures, as well as 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C degrees. The incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles with L-DOPA increased the water flux by increasing the surface hydrophilicity and roughness of the membrane surface. The maximum specific power was observed as 1.6 W/m2 for L-DOPA+1 wt% TiO2 modified BW30-LE membrane at 15 bar pressure. Besides, Mediterranean and Aegean, Black Sea water samples were used as draw solution and Seyhan, Ceyhan, Buyuk Menderes, Gediz, Yesilirmak, and Kizilirmak Rivers were used as feed solution. The highest osmotic power density was obtained by using L-DOPA+1 wt% TiO2 modified BW30-LE membrane with Ceyhan River as feed and Mediterranean Sea water as draw solution, which have the highest differences in salinity. In the mixture of Mediterranean and Ceyhan River, the highest power density was obtained at 10 bar pressure at 30 ± 5°C with 0.70 W/m2.

Keywords

L-DOPA, Polyamide membrane, Pressure retarded osmosis, Salinity gradient power, Surface modification

L-DOPA+TiO2 modifiye ters ozmoz membranının basınç gecikmeli osmoz ile tuzluluk gradyanı enerji üretimi üzerindeki verimliliği

Abstract

Basınç geciktirmeli osmoz (PRO) kullanarak deniz suyu ve nehir suyunun tuzluluk gradyanından enerji elde etmek son yıllarda önemli bir araştırma konusu olmuştur. Ancak, piyasadaki mevcut membranların performansı düşük olduğundan, yüksek güç yoğunluğu üretebilecek ve basınca dayanıklı etkili PRO membranlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sentetik ve gerçek su numuneleri kullanılarak L-DOPA+TiO2 modifiye BW30-LE membranlar ile PRO prosesinin özgül enerji potansiyeli değerlendirilmiştir. Polyamid BW30-LE RO membranı, L-DOPA, L-DOPA+ %0.5 ağ. Ti02 ve L-DOPA+ %1 ağ. Ti02 ile modifiye edilmiştir. Hidrolik basınç ve sıcaklığın güç yoğunluğu üzerindeki etkisi 5, 10 ve 15 bar basınçları ile 10 °C, 20 °C ve 30 °C dereceleri için değerlendirilmiştir. TiO2 nanoparçacıklarının L-DOPA ile birleştirilmesi, yüzey hidrofilikliğini ve membran yüzeyinin pürüzlülüğünü artırarak su akışını arttırmıştır. L-DOPA+ %1 ağ. TiO2 ile modifiye edilmiş BW30-LE membran için 15 bar basınçta maksimum özgül güç 1,6 W/m2 olarak gözlendi. Ayrıca, çekme çözeltisi olarak Akdeniz ve Ege, Karadeniz su örnekleri, besleme çözeltisi olarak Seyhan, Ceyhan, Büyük Menderes, Gediz, Yeşilırmak ve Kızılırmak nehirleri kullanılmıştır. En yüksek ozmotik güç yoğunluğu, L-DOPA+ %1 ağ. TiO2 modifiye BW30-LE membranı ile tuzluluk farklılıkları en yüksek olan besleme çözeltisi olan Ceyhan Nehri ve çekme çözeltisi olan Akdeniz suyu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Akdeniz ve Ceyhan Nehri karışımında en yüksek güç yoğunluğu 10 bar basınçta 30 ± 5 °C'de 0,70 W/m2 ile elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

L-DOPA, Poliamid membran, Basınç geciktirmeli osmoz, Tuzluluk gradyan enerjisi, Yüzey modifikasyonu

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