Design, analysis, and application of ground and air systems monitoring critical missions: Example system forest fire

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 212 - 219, 29.04.2025

Hikmetcan Özcan , Enes Kesen Suhap Şahin

Öz

While this study analyzes various planning strategies, communication network systems, and fire extinguishing technologies presented in the literature for combating forest fires, it reveals the need to test and evaluate these systems in real-world conditions. As a result of the literature review carried out in this context, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was designed and produced to determine the minimum requirements. Three-dimensional solid modeling of the design was performed using SOLIDWORKS and CATIA programs. Considering critical mission processes such as forest fires, the performance features of the UAV are maximum take-off weight, range, flight time, cruise speed, stall speed, wingspan, length, communication distance, and thrust were evaluated using the ANSYS analysis program. The construction of the UAV was carried out by structural assembly method, using a laser cutting machine and glue. In line with the requirements determined for the electronic systems of the UAV, the flight control card and power control card were designed, and PCB production was carried out. The flight control unit, image processing and communication unit, and power control and propulsion unit are integrated as sub-electronic units. In addition, a ground control station has been developed to observe the system status information of the UAV and to assign the UAV. A detailed procedure has been prepared for a forest fire scenario to evaluate the performance of the UAV in critical missions in real-world conditions. As a result of the scenario, the UAV has completed the entire procedure and has proven that it can be successful in critical missions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Power control board , Unmanned aerial vehicle , Wireless communication , Flight control board

Kritik görevlerin gözetimini yapan yer ve hava sistemlerinin tasarım, analiz ve uygulaması: Örnek sistem orman yangını

Öz

Bu çalışma, orman yangınlarıyla mücadele için literatürde sunulan çeşitli planlama stratejileri, haberleşme ağı sistemleri ve yangın söndürme teknolojilerini analiz ederken, bu sistemlerin gerçek dünya koşullarında sınanma ve değerlendirilme ihtiyacını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu kapsamda gerçekleştirilen literatür taraması sonucunda minimum gereklilikler tespit edilerek bir insansız hava aracı (İHA) tasarlanmış ve üretilmiştir. Tasarımın üç boyutlu katı modellemesi SOLIDWORKS ve CATIA programları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Orman yangınları gibi kritik görev süreçleri de dikkate alınarak İHA’da bulunması gereken performans özellikleri; maksimum kalkış ağırlığı, menzil, uçuş süresi, seyir hızı, stall hızı, kanat açıklığı, uzunluk, iletişim mesafesi ve itki kullanılarak ANSYS analiz programında değerlendirilmiştir. İHA'nın inşası, bir lazer kesim makinesi ve tutkal kullanılarak, yapısal montaj yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İHA'nın elektronik sistemleri için belirlenen gereklilikler doğrultusunda uçuş kontrol kartı ve güç kontrol kartının tasarımı yapılmış ve PCB üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alt elektronik birimler olarak ise uçuş kontrol birimi, görüntü işleme ve haberleşme birimi ve güç kontrol ve tahrik birimi entegre edilmiştir. Ayrıca İHA’nın sistem durum bilgisini gözlemlemek ve görevlendirmek için de bir yer kontrol istasyonu geliştirilmiştir. İHA’nın gerçek dünya koşullarında kritik görevlerdeki performansını değerlendirmek amacıyla bir orman yangını senaryosu için detaylı bir prosedür hazırlanmıştır. Senaryo sonucunda İHA tüm prosedürü tamamlamış ve kritik görevlerde başarılı olabileceğini kanıtlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Güç kontrol kartı , İnsansız hava aracı , Kablosuz haberleşme , Uçuş kontrol kartı

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