ENDÜSTRİYEL NESNELERİN İNTERNETİNİN TEDARİK ZİNCİRİNDE KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 53 - 74, 08.04.2020

Bora Deral , İpek Kazançoğlu

Abstract

Endüstri 4.0, “akıllı fabrika” diye de adlandırılan kurumsal altyapı oluşturmak için iş sürecinin otomasyonuna odaklanmaktadır. Üretim ve tedarik zinciri yönetiminin önemini kavrayan şirketler için daha bütüncül ve güçlü bağlantılara sahip bir ekosistemi oluşturmak için fiziki üretim işlemlerini ve siber dünyayı, Endüstriyel Nesnelerin İnterneti (IIoT), akıllı dijital teknoloji, makine öğrenimi ve büyük veri aracılığıyla birleştirmektedir.

Bu çalışmada amaç, Endüstriyel Nesnelerin İnterneti teknolojisinin (IIoT) üretim sektöründe fabrika içi tedarik zinciri yönetimi üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaçla, araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan derinlemesine görüşme tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu amaçla yapılan çalışma kapsamında İzmir Ege Serbest Bölgesinde ve Manisa Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren büyük ölçekli iki sanayi firmasının üst düzey yöneticileriyle görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada verilerin analizinde “içerik analiz yöntemi” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, Endüstriyel Nesneleri İnternetinin firmaların özellikle iç tedarik zincirindeki birçok süreçte çok olumlu etkileri olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, görüşmelerden elde edilen kodlar doğrultusunda nesnelerin internetinin “verinin dijitalleşmesi”, “kalitenin artması”, “verimlilikte artış”, “maliyetlerde düşüş”, “veri takibi” gibi, Endüstri 4.0’ın en büyük faydalarından olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Zaman sınırı dolayısıyla çalışmanın iki üretici firmayla sınırlandırılmış olması çalışmadaki kısıtlar olarak kabul edilebilir. Literatürde, Endüstriyel Nesnelerin İnterneti uygulamalarının sadece şirket içi tedarik zinciri üzerindeki etkisi üzerine yapılan çalışma sayısının oldukça sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu yönden bu çalışmanın, konuyla ilgili pratikteki uygulamalar üzerinden literatüre katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Endüstriyel Nesnelerin İnterneti (IIoT), Şirket içi tedarik zinciri, Dijital Dönüşüm, Endüstri 4.0, IoT

References

• KAYNAKÇA
• Abdel-Basset, M., Manogaran, G. ve Mohamed, M. (2018). “Internet of Things (IoT) and its impact on supply chain: A framework for building smart, secure and efficient systems”. Future Generation Computer Systems, 86, 614- 628. doi: 10.1016/j.future.2018.04.051
• Alaba, F. A., Othman, M., Hashem, I. A. T. ve Alotaibi, F. (2017). “Internet of things security: a survey”. The Journal of Network and Computer Applications. 88, 10–28. doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2017.04.002
• Alahmadi, A., ve Lin, X. (2019). “Towards Secure and Fair IIoT-Enabled Supply Chain Management via Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts”. ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 1-7.
• Alfian, G., Syafrudin, M., Farooq, U., Ma’arif, M. R., Syaekhoni, M. A., Fitriyani N. L. ve Rhee, J. (2019). “Improving Efficiency of RFID-based Traceability System for Perishable Food by Utilizing IoT Sensors and Machine Learning Model”. Food Control, 110, doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.107016
• Arnold, C.; Kiel, D. ve Voigt, K.-I. (2016). “How the Industrial Internet of Things Changes Business Models in Different Manufacturing Industries”. International Journal of Innovation Management 20,1640015.
• Arumugam, S. K. ve Iyer, E. (2019). “An industrial IoT in engineering and manufacturing industries-benefits and challenges”. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD). ISSN(P): 2249-6890; ISSN(E): 2249-8001, 9(2), 151-160 10.24247/ijmperdapr201914.
• Bakan, İ. ve Şekkeli, Z. H. (2018). “Akıllı Fabrikalar”. Journal of Life Economics. 5. 203-220. 10.15637/jlecon.270.
• Balachandar, S. ve Chinnaiyan, R. (2020). “Reliable pharma cold chain monitoring and analytics through Internet of Things Edge”. Emergence of Pharmaceutical Industry Growth with Industrial IoT Approach, 133–161. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819593-2.00005-4
• Basnet, C. (2013). “The measurement of internal supply chain integration”. Management Research Review. 36. 10.1108/01409171311292252.
• Bayrak Meydanoğlu E. S., Klein, M. (2016). “Nesnelerin İnterneti ve Pazarlama”, Akıllı Teknoloji & Akıllı Yönetim, Editörler : Prof. Dr. Vahap Tecim, Yrd.Doç.Dr. Çiğdem Tarhan, Yrd.Doç.Dr. Can Aydın, İzmir.
• Belli, L., Davoli, L., Medioli, A., Marchini, P. L. ve Ferrari, G. (2019). “Toward Industry 4.0 With IoT: Optimizing Business Processes in an Evolving Manufacturing Factory”. Front ICT. 6. 17.3389/fict.2019.00017.
• Ben-Daya, M., Hassini, E. ve Bahroun, Z. (2019). “Internet of things and supply chain management: a literature review”. International Journal of Production Research, 1-24. doi:10.1080/00207543.2017.1402140
• Bowman, P., Ng, J., Harisson, M., Sanchez Lopez, T. ve Illic, A. (2009). “Sensor Based Condition Monitoring.” Building Radio Frequency Identification for the Global Environment (Bridge) Euro RFID Project. http://bridge-project.eu/index.php/mainpage/en/
• Butner, K. 2010. “The Smarter Supply Chain of the Future.” Strategy & Leadership 38 (1): 22–31.
• Breivold, H.P. ve Sandström, K. (2015). “Internet of Things for Industrial Automation - Challenges and Technical Solutions”. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Data Intensive Systems, 532-539.
• Chen, J. C., Cheng, C., Huang, P., Wang, J., Huang, C. ve Ting, T. (2013). “Warehouse Management with Lean and RFID Application: A Case Study.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 69 (1–4): 531–542.
• Chen, Z., Ming, X., Zhou, T. ve Chang, Y. (2019). “Sustainable supplier selection for smart supply chain considering internal and external uncertainty: An integrated rough-fuzzy approach”. Applied Soft Computing, 87, 106004. doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2019.106004
• Choy, K. L., Ho, S. and Lee, C. (2017). “A RFID-Based Storage Assignment System for Enhancing the Efficiency of Order Picking.” Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing 28 (1): 111–129.
• Chowdhury, A. ve Raut, S. (2019). “Benefits, Challenges, and Opportunities in Adoption of Industrial IoT”. International Journal of Computational Intelligence & IoT, Vol. 2, No. 4. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3361586
• Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics & Supply Chain Management. Harlow: Pearson. www.pearson.com.
• Dai, H., ve Tseng, M. (2012). “The Impacts of RFID Implementation on Reducing Inventory Inaccuracy in a Multi-Stage Supply Chain.” International Journal of Production Economics 139 (2): 634–641.
• Decker, C., Berchtold, M., Chaves, L., Beigl, M., Roehr, D. , Riedel, T., Beuster, M., Herzog, T. ve Herzig, D. (2008). “Cost-Benefit Model for Smart Items in the Supply Chain.” The Internet of Things Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4952: 155–172
• Delen, D., Hardgrave, B. ve Sharda, R. (2007) “RFID for better supply-chain management through enhanced information visibility”, Production and Operation Management 16 (5) 613–624.
• Dweekat, A. J., Hwang, G. ve Park, J. (2017). “Supply Chain Performance Measurement Approach Using the Internet of Things.” Industrial Management & Data Systems 117 (2): 267–286.
• Ellis, S., Morris, H., D. ve Santagate, J. (2015). “IoT-Enabled Analytic Applications Revolutionize Supply Chain Planning and Execution.” International Data Corporation (IDC) White Paper. www.idc.com.
• Evtodieva T.E., Chernovа D.V., Ivanova N.V., Wirth J. (2020) “The Internet of Things: Possibilities of Application in Intelligent Supply Chain Management”. In: Ashmarina S., Mesquita A., Vochozka M. (eds) Digital Transformation of the Economy: Challenges, Trends and New Opportunities. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 908. Springer, Cham.
• Fan, T., Tao, F., Deng, S. ve Li, S. (2015). “Impact of RFID Technology on Supply Chain Decisions with Inventory Inaccuracies.” International Journal of Production Economics 159: 117–125.
• Fidel, R. (1984). The Case Study Method: A Case Study. Library and Information Science Research, 6(3), 273-288.
• Ganeshan, R. ve Harrison, T. (1995). An Introduction to Supply Chain Management, Department of Management Sciences and Information Systems, 303 Beam Business Building, Penn State University, University Park, PA
• Garrido-Hidalgo, C., Ramirez, F. J., Olivares, T. ve Roda-Sanchez, L. (2020). “The adoption of Internet of Things in a Circular Supply Chain framework for the recovery of WEEE: The case of Lithium-ion electric vehicle battery packs”. Waste Management, 103, 3244. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.09.045
• Garrido-Hidalgo, C., Olivares, T., Ramirez, F. J. ve Roda-Sanchez, L. (2019). “An end-to-end Internet of Things solution for Reverse Supply Chain Management in Industry 4.0”. Computers in Industry, 112, 103127. doi: 10.1016/j.compind.2019.103127
• Goyal, S., Hardgrave, B., Aloysius, J. ve De Horatius, N. (2016). “The Effectiveness of RFID in Backroom and Sales Floor Inventory Management.” The International Journal of Logistics Management 27 (3): 795–815.
• Güler, A., Halıcıoğlu M. B. ve Taşğın S., (2015). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma, Gözden Geçirilmiş İkinci Baskı, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
• Harris, I., Wang, Y. ve Wang, H. (2015). “ICT in Multimodal Transport and Technological Trends: Unleashing Potential for the Future.” International Journal of Production Economics 159: 88–103.
• Hassini, E. (2008). “Supply Chain Optimization: Current Practices and Overview of Emerging Research Opportunities.” INFOR: Information Systems and Operational Research 46 (2): 93–96.
• Helo, P. ve Shamsuzzoha, A.,H.,M. (2020). “Real-time supply chain—A blockchain architecture for project deliveries”. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 63, 101909. doi: 10.1016/j.rcim.2019.101909
• Huy, T., Sampaio, P., Carvalho, M., Fernandes, A., An, D. ve Vilhena, E. (2016). “An extensive structural model of supply chain quality management and firm performance”. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 33. 444-464. 10.1108/IJQRM-11-2014 0188.
• Ivezic, N., Kulvatunyou, B. ve Srinivasan, V. (2014). “On architecting and composing through-life engineering information services to enable smart manufacturing”, Procedia CIRP, 22, pp. 45-52.
• Jayaram, A. (2016). “Lean Six Sigma Approach for Global Supply Chain Management using Industry 4.0 and IIoT”. In 2016 2nd international conference on contemporary computing and informatics (IC3I) (pp. 89-94). IEEE. 10.1109/IC3I.2016.7917940.
• Kanimozhi Suguna S. ve Nanda Kumar S. (2019). “Application of Cloud Computing and Internet of Things to Improve Supply Chain Processes”. In: Al-Turjman F. (eds) Edge Computing. EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing. Springer, Cham
• Kozma, D., Varga, P. ve Hegedus, C. (2019). “Supply Chain Management and Logistics 4.0 - A Study on Arrowhead Framework Integration”. 2019 8th International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management (ICITM), 12-16. 10.1109/ICITM.2019.8710670.
• Lee, I., ve Lee, K. (2015). “The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, Investments, and Challenges for Enterprises.” Business Horizons, 58 (4): 431–440.
• Liao, Y., Rocha, L.E. ve Deschamps, F. (2018). “Industrial Internet of Things: A Systematic Literature Review and Insights”. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 1–1.5. 4515-4525. 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2834151.
• Lou, P., Liu, Q., Zhou, Z. ve Wang, H. (2011). “Agile Supply Chain Management over the Internet of Things.” 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science.
• Madakam S. ve Uchiya T. (2019). Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT): Principles, Processes and Protocols. In: Mahmood Z. (eds) The Internet of Things in the Industrial Sector. Computer Communications and Networks. Springer, Cham.
• Manavalan, E. ve Jayakrishna, K. (2018). “A review of Internet of Things (IoT) embedded Sustainable Supply Chain for Industry 4.0 requirements”. Computers & Industrial Engineering.127, 925-953. doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2018.11.030
• Mazzei, D., Baldi,G. ve Fantoni G. (2019). “A Blockchain Tokenizer for Industrial IOT Trustless Applications”, Future Generation Computer Systems (2019), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.12.020
• Minner, S. (2019). Inbound Logistics. In: Zijm H., Klumpp M., Regattieri A., Heragu S. (eds) Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Management. Lecture Notes in Logistics. Springer, Cham
• Mohamed B., D., Hassini E. ve Bahroun, Z. (2019). “Internet of things and supply chain management: a literature review”, International Journal of Production Research, 57:1516,4719-4742, DOI: 10.1080/00207543.2017.1402140
• Müller, J., Kiel, D. ve Voigt, K.I. (2018). “What Drives the Implementation of Industry 4.0? The Role of Opportunities and Challenges in the Context of Sustainability”. Sustainability. 10. 10.3390/su10010247.
• Ng, I., Scharf, K., Pogrebna, G. ve Maull, R. (2015). “Contextual Variety, Internet-of-Things and the Choice of Tailoring over Platform: Mass Customisation Strategy in Supply Chain Management.” International Journal of Production Economics 159: 76– 87.
• Ondemir, O., ve Gupta, S.,M. (2014). “Quality Management in Product Recovery Using the Internet of Things: An Optimization Approach.” Computers in Industry 65 (3): 491–504.
• Pang, Z., Chen, Q., Han, W. ve Zheng, L. (2015). “Value-Centric Design of the Internet-of-Things Solution for Food Supply Chain: Value Creation, Sensor Portfolio and Information Fusion.” Information Systems Frontiers 17 (2): 289–319.
• Parry, G.,C., Brax, S.,A., Maull, R.,S. ve Ng, I.,C.,L. (2016). “Operationalising IoT for Reverse Supply: The Development of Use Visibility Measures.” Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 21 (2): 228–244.
• Putnik, G., Varela, L.,R., Carvalho, C., Alves, C., Shah, V., Castro, H. ve Ávila, P. (2015). “Smart Objects Embedded Production and Quality Management Functions.” International Journal for Quality Research 9 (1): 151–166.
• Qu, T., Thürer, M., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Fu, H. , Li, C. ve Huang, G.,Q. (2017). “System Dynamics Analysis for an Internet-of-Things Enabled Production Logistics System.” International Journal of Production Research 55 (9): 2622–2649.
• Radanliev, P. (2019). “The Industrial Internet-of-Things in the Industry 4.0 supply chains of small and medium sized enterprises”. University of Oxford. 10.13140/RG.2.2.14140.49283.
• Radanliev, P., De Roure, D., Nurse,J., Montalvo, R. ve Burnap, P. (2019). “Supply Chain Design for the Industrial Internet of Things and the Industry 4.0”. 10.20944/preprints201903. 0123.v1.
• Rao, K. G., Michael, L. K. ve Sriram, K. V. (2019). “Optimization of inbound logistics by implementing E-kanban system in an automobile accessories manufacturing unit – A case study: a case study”. Quality - Access to Success., 20(170), 106-111.
• Reaidy, P. J., Gunasekaran, A. ve Spalanzani, A. (2015). “Bottom-up approach based on Internet of Things for order fulfillment in a collaborative warehousing environment”. International Journal of Production Economics, 159(1), 29-40.
• Ross, D.F. 2016. Introduction to e-Supply Chain Management: Engaging Technology to Build Market-Winning Business Partnerships, CRC Press.
• Rupasinghe, T. (2017). “Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded Future Supply Chains for Industry 4.0: An Assessment from an ERP-based Fashion Apparel and Footwear Industry”. Journal of Supply Chain Management. 6.
• Rymaszewska, A., Helo, P. ve Gunasekaran, A. (2017). “IoT Powered Servitization of Manufacturing – An Exploratory Case Study.” International Journal of Production Economics 192: 92–105.
• Schreier, M. (2012) “Qualitative Content Analysis in Practice”, U. Flick içinde, The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 4-28, London, Sage Publications.
• Shih, C. W., ve Wang, C.,H. (2016). “Integrating Wireless Sensor Networks with Statistical Quality Control to Develop a Cold Chain System in Food Industries.” Computer Standards & Interfaces 45: 62–78.
• Simchi-Levi, D., Kaminsky, P. ve Levi, E.,S. (2003). Designing and Managing the Supply Chain: Concepts, Strategies, and Case Studies. New York: McGraw-Hill.
• Singh, M., Sachan, S., Singh, A. ve Singh, K.K. (2020). “Internet of Things in pharma industry: possibilities and challenges”. Emergence of Pharmaceutical Industry Growth with Industrial IoT Approach, 195-216. 10.1016/B978-0-12-819593-2.00007-8.
• Spendla, L., Kebisek, M., Tanuska, P. ve Hrcka, L. (2017). “Concept of Predictive Maintenance of Production Systems in Accordance with Industry 4.0.” 2017 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI), Herl’any, Slovakia.
• Stefanou, C. (1999). “Supply chain management (SCM) and organizational key factors for successful implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems”. AMCIS 1999 proceedings (pp. 276).
• Szmerekovsky, J., G. ve Zhang,J. (2008). “Coordination and adoption of item-level RFID with vendor managed inventory”, International Journal of Production Economics 114, 388–398.
• Teslya, N. ve Ryabchikov, I. (2017). “Blockchain-based platform architecture for industrial IoT,” in 2017 21st Conference of Open Innovations Association (FRUCT) (Helsinki), 321–329.
• Trab, S., Bajic, E., Zouinkhi, A., Abdelkrim, M.,N., Chekir, H. ve Hadj-Ltaief, R. (2015). “Product Allocation Planning with Safety Compatibility Constraints in IoT-Based Warehouse.” Procedia Computer Science 73: 290–297.
• Vass, T., Shee, H. ve Miah, S. (2018). “The effect of “Internet of Things” on supply chain integration and performance: An organisational capability perspective”. Australasian Journal of Information Systems. 22. 10.3127/ajis. v22i0.1734.
• Verdouw, C. N., Beulens, A.,J.,M. ve van der Vorst, J.,G.,A.,J. (2013). “Virtualisation of Floricultural Supply Chains: A Review from an Internet of Things Perspective.” Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 99: 160–175.
• Wang, T., Zhang, Y., F. ve Zang, D.,X. 2016. “Real-Time Visibility and Traceability Framework for Discrete Manufacturing Shopfloor.” In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Singapore, 763–772.
• Witkowski, K. (2017). “Internet of Things, Big Data, Industry 4.0 – Innovative Solutions in Logistics and Supply Chains Management”. Procedia Engineering. 182. 763-769. 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.03.197.
• Wong, C.,Y. ve McFarlane, D. (2007) “Radio frequency identification data capture and its impact on shelf replenishment”, International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications 10 (1) 71–93.
• Xu, L. D. (2011). “Information Architecture for Supply Chain Quality Management.” International Journal of Production Research 49 (1): 183–198.
• Xu, L.,D., He, W. ve Li,S. (2014). “Internet of Things in Industries: A Survey.” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 10 (4): 2233–2243.
• Xu, R., Yang, L. ve Yang, S.,H. (2013). “Architecture Design of Internet of Things in Logistics Management for Emergency Response.” 2013 IEEE International Conference on Green Computing and Communications and IEEE Internet of Things and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing, Beijing, China.
• Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Genişletilmiş 10. Baskı, Ankara.