Research Article

Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale

Volume: 19 Number: 2 April 13, 2026
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Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to adapt the "Multidimensional Hope in Counseling and Psychotherapy Scale" (MHCPS), originally developed in Canada, for use among Turkish speakers.
Materials and methods: Data were collected in two phases from a total of 460 individuals (303 in the first phase and 157 in the second phase). As part of the scale adaptation process into Turkish, language validity procedures were conducted at the initial stage. Subsequently, reliability analysis was assessed by calculating Cronbach’s alpha (α). The scale's structure was identified through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and confirmed using Guttman Split-Half, Spearman-Brown, semi-test, and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Criterion validity was evaluated using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS).
Results: In the original 34-item 5-point Likert MHCPS, five items with Cronbach’s alphas below 0.30 were removed. The remaining items exhibited alpha values ranging from 0.318 to 0.774, indicating acceptable reliability. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure (KMO=0.916) and Bartlett’s test (χ²=3691.735; p=0.001; N=406) confirmed sample adequacy for EFA. The EFA eliminated five additional overlapping items, resulting in a 24-item, four-factor structure with eigenvalues exceeding 1, accounting for 55% of the total variance, and factor loadings ranging from 0.428 to 0.777. Reliability was further supported by the Guttman Split-Half (0.861), Spearman-Brown (0.861), semi-test results (0.864, 0.823), and CFA indices (χ²/df=1.94, RMSEA:0.056, CFI:0.921, IFI:0.922, and GFI:0.886). A significant negative correlation with the BHS (r=−0.334, p<0.01) confirmed criterion validity.
Conclusion: Validity and reliability analyses indicate that the MHCPS is suitable for use as a Turkish-language assessment tool.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Psychiatry

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

April 13, 2026

Submission Date

April 10, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 29, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 19 Number: 2

APA
Ercan, M., & Ercan, F. Z. (2026). Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 19(2), 245-259. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1672845
AMA
1.Ercan M, Ercan FZ. Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale. Pam Med J. 2026;19(2):245-259. doi:10.31362/patd.1672845
Chicago
Ercan, Merve, and Fatümatü Zehra Ercan. 2026. “Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Multidimensional Hope in Counseling and Psychotherapy Scale”. Pamukkale Medical Journal 19 (2): 245-59. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1672845.
EndNote
Ercan M, Ercan FZ (April 1, 2026) Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale. Pamukkale Medical Journal 19 2 245–259.
IEEE
[1]M. Ercan and F. Z. Ercan, “Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale”, Pam Med J, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 245–259, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.31362/patd.1672845.
ISNAD
Ercan, Merve - Ercan, Fatümatü Zehra. “Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Multidimensional Hope in Counseling and Psychotherapy Scale”. Pamukkale Medical Journal 19/2 (April 1, 2026): 245-259. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1672845.
JAMA
1.Ercan M, Ercan FZ. Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale. Pam Med J. 2026;19:245–259.
MLA
Ercan, Merve, and Fatümatü Zehra Ercan. “Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Multidimensional Hope in Counseling and Psychotherapy Scale”. Pamukkale Medical Journal, vol. 19, no. 2, Apr. 2026, pp. 245-59, doi:10.31362/patd.1672845.
Vancouver
1.Merve Ercan, Fatümatü Zehra Ercan. Turkish validity and reliability of the multidimensional hope in counseling and psychotherapy scale. Pam Med J. 2026 Apr. 1;19(2):245-59. doi:10.31362/patd.1672845

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