İkidilli bireylerin bildikleri dillerdeki sözcüksel işlemlemelerinin karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Alanyazında her iki dile ait sözcüklerin sözcüksel işlemlemede eş zamanlı olarak aktive olduğu ve aynı kavram deposunda saklandığı bilinmektedir. Bu durumun ikidilli sözcüksel erişimde diller arası girişimlere sebep olduğu ve tekdilli bireylere göre işlemleme hızının daha yavaş, doğruluk oranlarının daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada ikidilli bireylerin bildikleri dillerdeki sözcükleri işlemlemeleri araştırılmıştır. Sözcüksel Karar Verme Görevinin kullanıldığı çalışmaya Türkçe ve İngilizce’yi çocukluk döneminde eş zamanlı olarak edinen ikidilli bireyler katılmıştır (N=48). Görsel olarak sunulan harf dizilerinin Türkçe ve İngilizce’de anlamlı birer sözcük olup olmadığına karar vermeleri istenmiştir. Tepki süreleri ve cevaplarının doğruluğu bir yazılım programı aracılığıyla kaydedilmiş ve istatistiksel olarak çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, ikidilli katılımcıların her iki dildeki gerçek anlamı olan sözcükleri uydurma sözcüklerden daha hızlı ve daha doğru işlemlediklerini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, katılımcıların bildikleri diller arasında hız ve doğruluk açısından bir fark bulunmamıştır.

Keywords

• Eş zamanlı ikidillilik,sözcüksel işlemleme,psikodilbilim

A comparison of bilinguals' lexical processing in their two languages

Abstract

Bilinguality literature abounds with evidence that both languages are activated in parallel in lexical processing and the words belonging to two languages are stored in a shared lexicon. This accounts for interferences across languages, and slower processing speed and lower accuracy rates when compared to monolingual lexical processing. This study investigates how bilinguals process words in both languages. In a lexical decision task, simultaneous bilinguals (N= 48) who acquired English and Turkish from birth were asked to decide if the visually presented letter strings were either real or non-words in Turkish and in English. Response times and accuracy were recorded via a software program and were statistically analyzed. The results showed that bilinguals processed real words faster and more accurately than non-words in both languages, and that there was no difference between languages in terms of speed and accuracy rates.

Keywords

• Simultaneous bilingualism,lexical processing,psycholinguistics

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