MIDDLE EASTERNERS AS NEOCOLONIAL NOMADS: NEOCOLONIAL DETERRITORIALIZATION OF MIDDLE EASTERNERS IN MOHSIN HAMID’S THE RELUCTANT FUNDAMENTALIST AND EXIT WEST

Year 2025, Issue: 66, 213 - 229

Özgür Esen

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1541689

Abstract

Neocolonialism amounts to the contemporary practices conducted by imperialists to exploit underdeveloped countries after decolonization. Initially, neocolonialists performed indirect methods, such as economic and logistic support to the monarchs or governments and radical groups that were heavily influenced by political Islam, in the Middle East, but it has then evolved into an extreme form through direct military interventions after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The study argues that those practices have dislocated Middle Easterners, and their dislocations are associated with the unfixity of identities. Grounding on Deleuze and Guattarian nomadology and identifying their dislocations as neocolonial deterritorialization, the study examines the changes Middle Easterners experience due to their exposure to the factors in neocolonial spaces and in new territories. In this regard, the study aims to analyse the deterritorializing impacts of neocolonialism on Middle Easterner immigrants The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Exit West.

Keywords

The Reluctant Fundamentalist, Exit West, Neocolonialism, Deterritorialization

YENİ SÖMÜRGECİ GÖÇEBE OLARAK ORTADOĞULULAR: MUHSİN HAMİD’İN GÖNÜLSÜZ KÖKTENDİNCİ VE BATI ÇIKIŞI ROMANLARINDA ORTADOĞULULARIN YENİ SÖMÜRGECİLİK ALTINDA YERSİZYURTSUZLAŞMASI

Abstract

Yeni sömürgecilik, emperyalistlerin sömürgecilik sonrası dönemde az gelişmiş ülkeleri sömürmek için uyguladığı metotları ifade eder. Başlangıçta Yeni sömürgecilik Orta Doğu'da siyasal İslam'ın etkisi altında kalan monarşilere veya hükümetlere ve radikal gruplara ekonomik ve lojistik destek gibi dolaylı yöntemler uygulamış, ancak 11 Eylül terör saldırılarının ardından Orta Doğu’ya doğrudan askeri müdahaleler gerçekleştiren aşırı bir biçime evrilmiştir. Bu çalışma, bu uygulamaların Ortadoğuluları yersizyurtsuzlaştırdığını ve bireylerin fiziksel yer değiştirmelerini kimliğin akışkanlığı ile özdeşleştirilebileceğini tartışmaktadır. Deleuze ve Guattari’nin göçebelik anlayışını temel alan ve bu yer değiştirmeleri yeni-sömürgeci yersizyurtsuzlaşma olarak tanımlayan bu çalışma, yeni-sömürgeci anlayışın dizayn ettiği uzamlardaki ya da göç ettikleri yeni topraklardaki faktörleri deneyimlemeye maruz bırakılan Ortadoğulu göçmenlerin kimlik değişimlerine odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma Orta Doğu’ da uygulanan yeni sömürgeci politikaların bölge insanı üzerindeki yersizyurtsuzlaştırıcı etkisini Mohsin Hamid’in Gönülsüz Köktendinci ve Batı Çıkışı romanları kapsamında analiz etmektedir.

Keywords

Gönülsüz Köktendinci, Batı Çıkışı, Yeni Sömürgecilik, Yersizyurtsuzlaşma

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