Academic communication necessitates the involvement of various processes beyond the use of general communication tools. From the writing stage of a scientific study to its publication, the completion of these processes involves communication among the author, publisher, editor, and referee. Consequently, the contributions made in each process directly affect the quality of the study. Ultimately, the aim is to produce and share impartial, consistent, and reputable knowledge. Articles published in peer-reviewed journals must be based on scientific methods. Therefore, it is important for all stakeholders (authors, publishers, editors, and referees) involved in the publication of scientific studies in peer-reviewed journals to adhere to certain ethical principles. The responsibilities outlined below for all stakeholders within the framework of the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences have been prepared considering the international standards set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Submitted studies will be scanned using plagiarism detection software such as iThenticate and Turnitin. No fees will be charged to authors during submission and publication stages.

Responsibilities of Authors
Submitted studies must be original. In cases where other studies are referenced or statements from individuals other than the authors are used, proper and appropriate attribution or citation is required.
To be included as authors of a study, individuals must have made significant contributions to the study in terms of conception, design, implementation, or interpretation. Anyone making such specific contributions should be listed as an author. Individuals contributing in areas such as editing or consultancy should not be listed as authors. Once a study is submitted to the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences, no changes should be made to the list of authors.

All authors must:

agree on who the authors will be,
reach a consensus on the final version,
give approval for publication.

Each author is equally responsible for the analyses and conclusions reached in the study. During the evaluation process, if authors are asked for raw data or information related to the study, all authors should be ready to provide these to the editorial board.
Potential conflicts of interest must be disclosed by authors. If any of the authors have financial or personal relationships with other individuals or institutions, this should be clearly stated. If sources providing financial support for the research or preparation stages of a study exist, these should be disclosed.
A study should not be simultaneously submitted to more than one journal. Furthermore, except for articles produced from thesis studies, a previously published study should not be submitted to another journal.
Authors who notice errors or issues in their study after the evaluation process has started should inform the journal editor and collaborate with the editor on "correction" and "retraction" procedures.

Ethical research requiring Ethical Committee Approval for assessment in the journal includes:
Qualitative or quantitative approaches requiring data collection from participants using surveys, interviews, focus group studies, observations, experiments, or interview techniques,
Use of humans and animals (including materials/data) for experimental or other scientific purposes,
Clinical research conducted on humans,
Research conducted on animals,
Retrospective studies according to the Personal Data Protection Law.

Responsibilities of Editors
The sole decision-maker determining independently which of the studies submitted to the journal will be published is the editor. In making this decision, the validity of the analyses conducted and the importance of the findings for researchers and readers must be evaluated. Considering the views and recommendations of assistant editors and field editors would be beneficial. Additionally, legal issues that could result in defamation, copyright infringement, or plagiarism should not be overlooked in the texts of the studies.
The editor must ensure that the peer review process is fair, unbiased, and timely. Scientific studies should be evaluated by at least two independent referees outside the institution, and if necessary, the editor should seek different opinions. Referees should be selected from among scientists knowledgeable about the field of the study, and care should be taken to prevent fraud.
The editor should evaluate the studies without considering the authors' race, gender, sexual preference, religious belief, ethnic origin, nationality, or political views. The editorial approach should support transparency and honesty. A transparent mechanism should be established for situations such as objections to decisions not to publish a study. Using the digital capabilities of the journal, the editor should clearly inform referees and authors about expectations.
The editor should not attempt to artificially increase the journal's impact factor. In this context, the editor should not exert efforts to refer to previously published studies in the journal outside scientific reasons and methods. Additionally, measures should be taken to prevent authors from artificially citing the editor's own studies.
The editor is responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of all materials submitted with the study and communication with referees. The editor should not use unpublished materials submitted with the study in their own work. Confidential information and ideas obtained during the refereeing process should be kept confidential and should not be used for personal gain.
Potential conflicts of interest affecting the editor should be disclosed to the publisher. In such cases, the publisher may publish the statement in the journal. The editor should not be involved in the evaluation process of studies in which they or their close associates have contributed. The study should be evaluated under the same procedures as other studies, and independence in refereeing should be ensured.
The editor should be diligent in preventing and preventing abuse of authority in research, publishing, refereeing, and editing processes.

Responsibilities of Reviewers
The refereeing process plays a very important role in the evaluation of a study. Referees should contribute to the editorial process with their opinions and recommendations and should communicate with the authors through the editor regarding corrections to be made to the study. A respectful approach should be adopted towards authors and studies. If referees do not consider themselves adequate regarding the content of the study, they should inform the editor and withdraw from the evaluation process.
Each study should be kept confidential to referees. Information regarding the content of the study should not be shared with anyone, and efforts to contact authors outside the editor's knowledge should not be attempted. If it is thought that there are issues that need to be discussed regarding the study, this discussion should be held directly with the editor or the referees should communicate their opinions to the authors through the editor. Unpublished materials submitted by authors in the process of submitting a study should not be used by referees in their own studies. Information and ideas obtained during the refereeing process should be kept confidential and should not be used for personal gain.
Referees should be careful in cases that may pose ethical problems in the study and should alert the editor in such situations. Referees should consult with the editor regarding potential conflicts of interest with the authors before accepting refereeing. If referees have made an assessment that citations should be made to their own work, this should be justified within the framework of scientific reasons and methods.

Publication Policy
Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences is a national academic electronic journal that applies a double-blind refereeing system, has an open access policy, publishes one issue annually (June) and uses Turkish as the publication language. It aims to share scientific studies conducted in the fields of economics, business administration, finance, public administration, political science, labor economics and industrial relations, and econometrics with relevant researchers. The ideas put forward and the conclusions reached in the published studies are entirely the responsibility of the authors. No fees are charged for studies submitted to the journal. Except for data used in thesis studies, studies and data used in these studies should not have been published anywhere else and should not have been submitted elsewhere for publication. If discrepancies with this principle are detected, the application submitted to the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences will be canceled.

Application
To submit a study to the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences, the following three responsibilities must first be fulfilled:

Obtaining Ethical Committee Approval,
Completing the Author Contribution Form,
Completing the Copyright Transfer Form.
The first of the above three elements, Ethical Committee Approval, is required for all research conducted in all scientific disciplines. In this context:
all research conducted using qualitative or quantitative approaches requiring data collection from participants using surveys, interviews, focus group studies, observations, experiments, or interview techniques,
research using humans and animals as subjects (including materials/data) for experimental or other scientific purposes,
clinical research conducted on humans,
research conducted on animals,
Retrospective research according to the Personal Data Protection Law
Ethical Committee Approval will be requested.
The Author Contribution Form is requested to be completed in studies with more than one author in order to document each author's contribution to the study. In this way, it is aimed to remind that including those who do not have intellectual contribution to the study among the authors is not in line with ethical principles.
The Copyright Transfer Form will be completed by the authors for the transfer of all rights within the scope of copyright to the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences. The transfer of copyright means allowing the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences to share the studies in digital format.
Referee Evaluation Process
The referee evaluation process aims to produce qualified and original scientific studies. All studies published in the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences undergo the referee evaluation process detailed below.

Preliminary Evaluation
After the aforementioned application process is completed, all studies submitted to the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business are subject to preliminary evaluation by the Editor and Editorial Board. Preliminary evaluation is a review to determine whether the study is suitable for publication in the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business in terms of scope, scientific methods used, writing rules, and format requirements. Studies that do not meet these criteria are rejected before the refereeing process begins. At this stage, no study can be decided to be published by the editor without a positive referee report.

Referee Policy
The Journal of Politics, Economics and Business Sciences fundamentally adopts the double-blind referee system, where referees and authors are hidden from each other.
Referee Evaluation
After the preliminary evaluation stage, studies are sent to at least two referees appointed by the Editor and/or Editorial Board. If deemed necessary, the editor can send the study to more than two referees. Referees who are members of the editorial board of the journal can also be used in the referee process.
In the referee evaluation process, the referees evaluate the study according to the scientific methods used, the writing rules, the originality of the work, and the contribution to the relevant field. In this context, referees can recommend "publishing as it is", "publishing after the minor revisions requested by the authors", "publishing after the major revisions requested by the authors", and "rejecting". The referees must complete the evaluation within 3 weeks from the date they accept the study for evaluation. Studies not accepted by referees within this period are automatically rejected.
If there is a contradiction between the referees' reports or if the referees do not approve of the study for publication, the study is sent to a third referee. The decision to publish the study in this third referee's report is given.
The studies accepted by the referees after the referee evaluation are published in the relevant issue of the Journal of Politics, Economics and Business.
Author's Response
If the referees ask for revisions to be made to the study, the author must make these revisions within 1 month. It is the responsibility of the author to make the revisions requested by the referees without making changes that will affect the originality of the study. If the revisions requested by the referees are not made within 1 month, the study is automatically rejected.