Davranışsal İktisat ve Zamanlararası Tercih: Tasarruf Davranışı Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 146 - 172, 31.12.2018

Havva Serim , Fahriye Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.485394

Öz

Olası sonuçları zamanın farklı dönemlerinde
görülen kararlar zamanlararası tercihe tabidir. Zamanlararası tercihte ise bugünkü
fayda/maliyet ile gelecekteki fayda/maliyet arasında tercih söz konusudur. Buna
göre tasarrufu,  şimdiki tüketim
hazzından vazgeçme ile gelecekte elde edilecek fayda arasında yapılan bir
zamanlararası tercih olarak tanımlamak mümkündür. Öyleyse  kişilerin tasarruf kararlarında zamanı nasıl
indirgedikleri, başka bir deyişle zaman tercihleri etkili olmaktadır. Tasarrufun
çoğunlukla yaşam döngüsü hipotezi ve dolayısıyla üssel indirgenmiş fayda modeli
doğrultusunda çalışıldığı görülmekle birlikte, son yıllarda davranışsal
iktisadın ortaya koyduğu bulgularla, modelin çıkarımlarının geçerliliği ve
yeterliliği sorgulanır hale gelmektedir. Söz konusu bulgulardan özellikle
hiperbolik indirgeme ve otokontrolün tasarruf davranışını açıklamada önemli bir
rol oynadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Böylece davranışsal iktisat zamanlararası tercih
analizi üzerinden tasarrufu yeniden betimlerken, önerdiği politikalar da
farklılaşmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, davranışsal iktisadın
zamanlararası tercih analizi üzerinden tasarruf davranışını nasıl ele aldığını
ortaya koyarak, ilgili model ve politika önerilerini değerlendirmeye
çalışmaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tasarruf Davranışı, Zamanlararası Tercih, Davranışsal İktisat

Kaynakça

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