Perceived Socioeconomic Status of Immigrants in Canada: The Role of Immigration Status and Various Factors' Interaction

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 540 - 558, 29.09.2024

Mustafa Özer

https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1481577

Öz

Perceived socioeconomic status (PSS) is an important indicator of perceived position in the social hierarchy, various health outcomes, and overall well-being. However, there are limited studies on the determinants of PSS, and few that examine its effects on immigrant populations. This study evaluates the impact of immigration status, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and environmental factors on the perceived social class of immigrants in Canada using data from the 7th wave of the World Values Survey, with a sample of 4018 individuals. The research examines immigration status by separating it into individual and parental immigration status across three models. The interaction of demographic factors with immigration status has significant effects on perceived social class. Speaking a language other than French or English, and being non-white, particularly when interacting with the mother's immigration status, has negative effects on perceived social class. In the interaction of socioeconomic variables with immigration status, having a better income than their family positively affects the perceived social class of immigrants, while having a worse income has negative effects. The interaction of environmental factors with immigration status shows that living in rural areas and good neighborhoods positively affects perceived social class. These findings highlight the importance of language support, ethnic inclusivity initiatives, and financial improvement programs to enhance the socioeconomic integration of immigrants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Perceived socioeconomic status, migrants, health, subjective well-being

Kanada'da Göçmenlerin Algılanan Sosyoekonomik Statüsü: Göçmenlik Durumu ve Çeşitli Faktörlerin Etkileşiminin Rolü

Öz

Algılanan sosyoekonomik statü (ASS), sosyal hiyerarşideki algılanan konum, çeşitli sağlık sonuçları ve genel refah açısından önemli bir göstergedir. Ancak, ASS'nün belirleyicileri üzerine sınırlı sayıda çalışma mevcut olup, göçmen nüfusu için ASS'nün etkilerini inceleyen birkaç çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Kanada'daki göçmenlerin algılanan sosyal sınıfı üzerine göçmenlik durumu, demografik ve sosyoekonomik özellikler ve çevresel faktörlerin etkisini değerlendirmek için Dünya Değerler Araştırması'nın 7. dalgasının Kanada örneğinden 4018 bireyi kullanmaktadır. Araştırma, göçmenlik durumunu bireyin ve ebeveynlerinin göçmen olup olmamasına göre ayırarak üç modelde incelemiştir. Demografik faktörlerin göçmenlik statüsü ile etkileşimi, sosyal sınıf algısı üzerinde önemli etkilere sahiptir. Fransızca ve İngilizce dışında bir dil konuşmanın ve beyaz olmamanın, özellikle annenin göçmenlik durumu ile etkileşiminde, sosyal sınıf algısı üzerinde negatif etkileri bulunmuştur. Sosyoekonomik değişkenlerin göçmenlik durumları ile etkileşiminde, göçmen bireylerin ailelerinden daha iyi bir gelire sahip olmaları sosyal sınıf algısını pozitif yönde etkilerken, daha kötü bir gelire sahip olmaları negatif etkiler yaratmaktadır. Çevresel faktörlerin göçmenlik durumu ile etkileşiminde, göçmen bireylerin kırda yaşaması ve iyi bir mahallede bulunmaları sosyal sınıf algısını olumlu etkilemektedir. Bu bulgular, göçmenlerin sosyoekonomik uyumunu artırmak için dil desteği, etnik kapsayıcılık girişimleri ve finansal iyileştirme programlarının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Algılanan sosyoekonomik statü, göçmen, sağlık, öznel refah

Etik Beyan

Dünya Değerler Araştırması verileri herkese açık ve ikincil olduğu için bu çalışmada etik kurul onayına gerek duyulmamıştır. Bu veri seti, geniş çaplı analizler için kullanıma sunulmuş olup, etik izin gerektirmeyen ikincil bir kaynaktır.

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