Parent-Child Interaction Therapy

Abstract

Parent-child interaction therapy is a parent-mediated therapy approach that focuses on solving internalization-externalization problems observed in children aged 2-7. The approach based on parenting styles, attachment theory, behavioral theory, and social learning theories aims to teach play therapy skills to parents. In this direction, each stage was organized as teaching and coaching sessions in an approach that included two phases: a child-directed interaction phase and parent-directed interaction. The first stage, which is the child-directed stage, it is aimed to developing a sincere and warm relationship between the parent and the child by following the child's lead.. In the second phase, the parent-directed interaction phase, effective discipline methods are taught to parents and coached at the point of use, depending on the goal of increasing their child's adaptation skills. Therapy is not time-limited and is performance-oriented. In this study, the general characteristics of parent-child interaction therapy, its historical development, theoretical foundations, the structure of therapy sessions, the intervention process, and parent-child interaction therapy research are included. As a result of the review, depending on the international literature, can be said to be parent-child interaction therapy is an early-term, parent-oriented and evidence-based approach that is effective on early childhood compliance and behavior problems, including children with neurodevelopmental problems, parenting stress, parental efficacy perception, and family harmony.

Keywords

• Parent-child interaction therapy
• early childhood
• evidence-based intervention

Ebeveyn-Çocuk Etkileşim Terapisi

Abstract

Ebeveyn-çocuk etkileşim terapisi 2-7 yaş aralığında yer alan çocuklarda gözlenen içselleştirme dışsallaştırma problemlerinin çözümüne odaklanan ebeveyn aracılı bir terapi yaklaşımıdır. Temelde ebeveynlik stilleri, bağlanma kuramı, davranışçı kuram ve sosyal öğrenme kuramlarına dayanan yaklaşımda oyun terapisi becerilerinin ebeveynlere öğretilmesi hedeflenir. Bu doğrultuda çocuk yönlendirmeli etkileşim evresi ve ebeveyn yönlendirmeli etkileşim olmak üzere iki evreyi barından yaklaşımda her evre öğretim ve koçluk oturumları olacak şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Birinci evre olan çocuk yönlendirmeli evrede ebeveyn ile çocuk arasında olumlu, samimi ve sıcak bir ilişkinin geliştirilmesi hedeflenirken çocuğun liderliğinin takip edilmesi esas alınır. İkinci evre olan ebeveyn yönlendirmeli etkileşim evresinde ise çocuğun uyum becerilerinin artırılması hedefine bağlı olarak ebeveynlere etkili disiplin yöntemleri öğretilir ve uygulama noktasında koçluk yapılır. Terapi zaman sınırlı olmayıp performans odaklı ilerlemektedir. Bu çalışma da ebeveyn çocuk etkileşim terapisinin genel özellikleri, tarihsel gelişimi, kuramsal dayanakları, terapi seanslarının yapısı, uygulanma süreci ve ebeveyn-çocuk etkileşim terapisi araştırmalarına yer verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ebeveyn-çocuk etkileşim terapisinin norögelişimsel problemleri olan çocuklarda dahil olmak üzere erken çocukluk dönemi uyum ve davranış problemleri üzerinde, ebeveynlik stresi, ebeveyn yeterlik algısı ve aile uyumu üzerinde etkili bir yaklaşım olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Ebeveyn-Çocuk Etkileşim Terapisi
• erken çocukluk dönemi
• kanıt temelli müdahale

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