Effect of Basic Emotional Facial Expressions on Time Perception

Year 2019, Volume: 11 Number: Supplement 1 (Research Issue), 176 - 191, 29.12.2019

Şengül Erdoğan , Zeynel Baran

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.589233

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to investigate the influence of stimulus duration manipulations of pictures expressing universal six basic emotions by using a prospective paradigm including verbal estimation and reproduction tasks. The study was conducted with 75 participants (47 female and 28 male) who verbally estimated and reproduced the duration of emotional facial expressions (anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise, happiness and neutral) presented for different durations (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ms). In each presentation duration, durations of all emotional facial expressions were perceived to be shorter than target durations and temporal distortions increase with duration of intervals. On the other hand, durations of all emotional facial expressions except the sadness facial expression were perceived longer than the duration of neutral facial expression. According to internal clock model and in the context of arousal and attention, tendency to underestimate the duration of emotional stimuli compared to target duration was consistent with an attentional model while tendency to overestimate duration of the emotional stimuli compared to duration of neutral stimulus was consistent with the arousal based model. The findings of this study suggested that in regard to the effects of emotional facial expressions on time perception, not only the involvement of effects emanating from arousal and attention but also memory and decision making processes could have an effect due to the type of temporal task difference.  

Keywords

Time perception, attention, arousal, emotional facial expressions

Temel Duygusal Yüz İfadelerinin Zaman Algısı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, evrensel olarak kabul edilen 6
temel duyguya ait yüz ifadelerinin sunum süresi değişimlenmesinin zaman algısı
üzerindeki etkisini, zaman aralığı yeniden oluşturma ve süreyi sözel tahmin
etme yöntemleri aracılığıyla incelemektir.

Yöntem: Araştırma, dört farklı sunum süresinde (500, 1000, 1500
ve 2000 ms) sunulan yüz ifadelerinin (kızgınlık, korku, üzüntü, tiksinme,
şaşkınlık, mutluluk ve nötr) sözel olarak tahmin edilmesi ve yeniden
üretilmesini içeren iki farklı yöntemle 75 gönüllü öğrenci (47 Kadın ve 28
Erkek) ile yürütülmüştür. 

Bulgular: Her bir sunum süresinde, tüm duygusal yüz ifadeleri
hedef süreye göre kısa algılanmakta ve sunum süresi artıkça zamansal bozulmalar
artmaktadır. Öte yandan, tüm duygusal yüz ifadeleri, üzüntü yüz ifadesi hariç,
nötr yüz ifadesinden daha uzun algılanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, tüm uyarıcı
süreleri, zaman aralığı yeniden oluşturma görevinde, süreyi sözel tahmin etme
görevine göre daha uzun algılanmaktadır.

Sonuç: İçsel saat modeli ile dikkat ve genel uyarılmışlık düzeyi bağlamında, yüz
ifadelerinin hedef süreye göre kısa algılanması dikkat kaynaklı modelle; nötre
göre daha uzun algılanması ise genel uyarılmışlık düzeyi kaynaklı modelle daha
uyumlu görünmektedir. Duygusal yüz ifadelerinin zaman algısı üzerindeki
etkisinde, genel uyarılmışlık düzeyi ve dikkat kaynaklı ortak etkilerin yanı
sıra, zamansal yöntem türlerindeki farklılıklardan kaynaklanan bellek ve karar
verme süreçleri de etkili olabilmektedir.

Keywords

Zaman algısı, dikkat, genel uyarılmışlık düzeyi, duygusal yüz ifadeleri

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