Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması

Year 2019, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 715 - 721, 01.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.457958

Abstract

Barajların
ekonomik ömrü, havzasından gelen sediment yüküne göre belirlenmektedir. Baraj
ömrünü sonlandıran en büyük faktör, akarsu tarafından taşınan katı maddelerin
(sediment, rüsubat, çökelti maddesi) baraj rezervuarının ölü hacmini doldurmasıdır.
Bu çalışmada, Yeşilırmak Havzası Abdal akarsuyu üzerine inşa edilmiş Çakmak
Barajındaki sediment birikimi incelenmiştir. Baraj rezervuarının 1988 ve 2014
yıllarına ait batimetrik haritalarından yararlanılarak NetCad 7.6 programı ile
belirli aralıklarla boykesitler alınmış ve taban profilleri çizilmiştir.
Çizilen rezervuar taban profillerinden sediment etkisiyle oluşan kot farkları
tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kot-alan-hacim yöntemi kullanılarak, 26 yıllık
süreçte rezervuar ölü, aktif ve toplam hacminde yer alan suyun hacimsel ve
alansal oluşan kaybı hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, baraj hacminin sediment ile
dolan hacmi elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulardan, sediment birikimi
nedeniyle rezervuar tabanında 10 metreye kadar yükselmeler meydana geldiği
görülmüştür. Barajın faydalı ömrünü belirleyen ölü hacminin yaklaşık olarak
%30’unun sediment ile dolduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • [1] TÜİK (2018), http://www.tuik.gov.tr/UstMenu.do?metod=temelist (erişim tarihi: 13.04.2018).
  • [2] Falkenmark M., “The massive water scarcity now threatening Africa: Why isn't it being addressed?”, Ambio, 18(2): 112-118, (1989).
  • [3] “Dams and Development”, World Commission on Dams, Report, November 2000.
  • [4] Ketelsen T., Nguyen V.A., Vinh M.K., Kummu M., Ward P., Meynell P., Rasanen T.,” Example from the Yali Reservoir, VietNam”, Optimising cascades of hydropower, Hydrology & Flood Control, December, (2013)
  • [5] Bobrovitskaya N.N., “Erosion and sediment yield modelling in the former USSR”, In Modelling Erosion, Sediment Transport and Sediment Yield; Summer, W., Walling, D.E., Eds., UNESCO: Paris, France, pp. 30-45, (2002).
  • [6] Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2018), DSİ Hidroloji Sözlüğü, http://dsi.gov.tr/dsi-sozlukler, (erişim tarihi: 06.04.2018)
  • [7] Palmieri A., Shah, F., Annandale, G.W. and Dinar A., “Reservoir Conservation, Vol. I, The RESCON Approach”, World Bank, Washington, D. C, (2003).
  • [8] Chimwala M., “engineering a non-shifting river boundary between Malawi and Tanzania”, Nyasa Times, 22 February, (2009). [9] Morris G.L. and Fan J.H., “Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook”, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1997)
  • [10] Mahmood K., “Reservoir sedimentation: impact, extent, mitigation”, World Bank Tech. Rep. 71, Washington, D. C., (1987). [11] White W. R., “Evacuation of sediment from reservoirs”, Thomas Telford, London (2001).
  • [12] Hasan Z. A., Bin Yusoff M. S., and Talib S. H. Bı̇ . A., “Bukit Merah reservoir sedimentation assessment,” 2011 Int. Conf. Enviroment Sci. Eng,, 8: 86–90, (2011).
  • [13] Chitata T., Mugabe F. T. and Kashaigili J. J., “Estimation of small reservoir sedimentation in semi-arid Southern Zimbabwe,” J. Water Resour. Prot., 6: 1017–1028, (2014).
  • [14] Inal C., Fakioglu P., Bulbul S., “Determination of sediment volumes in dams with hydrographic surveys,” Selcuk Univ. J. Eng. Sci. Tech., 3(4): (2015).
  • [15] Issa I.E., Al-Ansari1 N., Knutsson S., “Mosul dam reservoir sedimentation characteristics, Iraq”, Journal of Environmental Hydrology, 22: Paper 3, (2014).
  • [16] Wulandari D. A., Legono D. and Darsono S., “Evaluation of deposition pattern of Wonogiri Reservoir sedimentation,” Int. J. Civ. Environ. Eng., 15(2): 15–20, (2015).
  • [17] El-Sersawy H., “Sediment deposition mapping in Aswan high dam reservoir using Geopraphic Information System (GIS),” Ninth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC9, Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, 239-247, (2005)
  • [18] Güvel Ş. P. et al., “Investigation of sedimentation effects on dam reservoirs : Berdan Dam Example Abstract,” Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimar. Fakültesi Derg., 1: 89–97, (2017).
  • [19] Shuklaa S. et al., “Assessment of sedimentation in Pong and Bhakra reservoirs in Himachal Pradesh, India, using geospatial technique,” Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 8: 148–156, (2017).
  • [20] Adeogun A. G. et al., “Cost effectiveness of sediment management strategies for mitigation of sedimentation at Jebba Hydropower reservoir, Nigeria,” Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Sciences, 30: 141–149, (2018).
  • [21] Khaba L., Griffiths J. A. “Calculation of reservoir capacity loss due to sediment deposition in the `Muela reservoir, Northern Lesotho,” International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5: 130–140, (2017).
  • [22] http://barajlar.dsi.gov.tr/ (erişim tarihi: 09/04/2018).
  • [23] “Netcad GIS 7.6.” [Online]. Available: http://portal.netcad.com.tr/display/HELP/NETCAD+GIS. [Accessed: 12-July-2018].
  • [24] “Netcad Netsurf Module 7.” [Online]. Available: http://portal.netcad.com.tr/display/HELP/NETSURF. [Accessed: 12-July-2018].

A Study on the Reservoir Sedimentation of Çakmak Dam Located in the Yeşilırmak Basin

Year 2019, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 715 - 721, 01.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.457958

Abstract

The economic life of the dams is determined by the
sediment load from their own basin. The most important factor terminating the
life of the dam is filling of dead volume of the reservoir by solid materials
(sediment, sedimentation, deposit material) 
carried by the river. In this study, sediment deposition in Çakmak Dam
built on Abdal stream of Yeşilırmak Basin was investigated. Using the
bathymetric maps of the dam reservoir belonging to 1988 and 2014 years, the
bottom profiles and cross-sections at regular intervals were drawn by using
NetCad 7.6 program. The elevation differences occurred by sediment loads were
determined from drawing bottom profiles. In addition, using the
elevation-area-volume method, the volumetric and areal losses of water in
reservoir dead, active and total volume for 26 years were calculated. As a
result, the volume of the dam was filled with the sediment. From the results,
it has been observed that up to 10 meters of elevation occurs on the bottom of
the reservoir due to sediment deposition. 
Approximately 30% of the dead volume determining the useful life of the
dam was filled with sediment.

References

  • [1] TÜİK (2018), http://www.tuik.gov.tr/UstMenu.do?metod=temelist (erişim tarihi: 13.04.2018).
  • [2] Falkenmark M., “The massive water scarcity now threatening Africa: Why isn't it being addressed?”, Ambio, 18(2): 112-118, (1989).
  • [3] “Dams and Development”, World Commission on Dams, Report, November 2000.
  • [4] Ketelsen T., Nguyen V.A., Vinh M.K., Kummu M., Ward P., Meynell P., Rasanen T.,” Example from the Yali Reservoir, VietNam”, Optimising cascades of hydropower, Hydrology & Flood Control, December, (2013)
  • [5] Bobrovitskaya N.N., “Erosion and sediment yield modelling in the former USSR”, In Modelling Erosion, Sediment Transport and Sediment Yield; Summer, W., Walling, D.E., Eds., UNESCO: Paris, France, pp. 30-45, (2002).
  • [6] Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2018), DSİ Hidroloji Sözlüğü, http://dsi.gov.tr/dsi-sozlukler, (erişim tarihi: 06.04.2018)
  • [7] Palmieri A., Shah, F., Annandale, G.W. and Dinar A., “Reservoir Conservation, Vol. I, The RESCON Approach”, World Bank, Washington, D. C, (2003).
  • [8] Chimwala M., “engineering a non-shifting river boundary between Malawi and Tanzania”, Nyasa Times, 22 February, (2009). [9] Morris G.L. and Fan J.H., “Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook”, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1997)
  • [10] Mahmood K., “Reservoir sedimentation: impact, extent, mitigation”, World Bank Tech. Rep. 71, Washington, D. C., (1987). [11] White W. R., “Evacuation of sediment from reservoirs”, Thomas Telford, London (2001).
  • [12] Hasan Z. A., Bin Yusoff M. S., and Talib S. H. Bı̇ . A., “Bukit Merah reservoir sedimentation assessment,” 2011 Int. Conf. Enviroment Sci. Eng,, 8: 86–90, (2011).
  • [13] Chitata T., Mugabe F. T. and Kashaigili J. J., “Estimation of small reservoir sedimentation in semi-arid Southern Zimbabwe,” J. Water Resour. Prot., 6: 1017–1028, (2014).
  • [14] Inal C., Fakioglu P., Bulbul S., “Determination of sediment volumes in dams with hydrographic surveys,” Selcuk Univ. J. Eng. Sci. Tech., 3(4): (2015).
  • [15] Issa I.E., Al-Ansari1 N., Knutsson S., “Mosul dam reservoir sedimentation characteristics, Iraq”, Journal of Environmental Hydrology, 22: Paper 3, (2014).
  • [16] Wulandari D. A., Legono D. and Darsono S., “Evaluation of deposition pattern of Wonogiri Reservoir sedimentation,” Int. J. Civ. Environ. Eng., 15(2): 15–20, (2015).
  • [17] El-Sersawy H., “Sediment deposition mapping in Aswan high dam reservoir using Geopraphic Information System (GIS),” Ninth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC9, Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, 239-247, (2005)
  • [18] Güvel Ş. P. et al., “Investigation of sedimentation effects on dam reservoirs : Berdan Dam Example Abstract,” Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimar. Fakültesi Derg., 1: 89–97, (2017).
  • [19] Shuklaa S. et al., “Assessment of sedimentation in Pong and Bhakra reservoirs in Himachal Pradesh, India, using geospatial technique,” Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 8: 148–156, (2017).
  • [20] Adeogun A. G. et al., “Cost effectiveness of sediment management strategies for mitigation of sedimentation at Jebba Hydropower reservoir, Nigeria,” Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Sciences, 30: 141–149, (2018).
  • [21] Khaba L., Griffiths J. A. “Calculation of reservoir capacity loss due to sediment deposition in the `Muela reservoir, Northern Lesotho,” International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5: 130–140, (2017).
  • [22] http://barajlar.dsi.gov.tr/ (erişim tarihi: 09/04/2018).
  • [23] “Netcad GIS 7.6.” [Online]. Available: http://portal.netcad.com.tr/display/HELP/NETCAD+GIS. [Accessed: 12-July-2018].
  • [24] “Netcad Netsurf Module 7.” [Online]. Available: http://portal.netcad.com.tr/display/HELP/NETSURF. [Accessed: 12-July-2018].
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeliha Selek This is me

Murat Pınarlık

Publication Date September 1, 2019
Submission Date June 11, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 22 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Selek, Z., & Pınarlık, M. (2019). Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması. Politeknik Dergisi, 22(3), 715-721. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.457958
AMA Selek Z, Pınarlık M. Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması. Politeknik Dergisi. September 2019;22(3):715-721. doi:10.2339/politeknik.457958
Chicago Selek, Zeliha, and Murat Pınarlık. “Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması”. Politeknik Dergisi 22, no. 3 (September 2019): 715-21. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.457958.
EndNote Selek Z, Pınarlık M (September 1, 2019) Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması. Politeknik Dergisi 22 3 715–721.
IEEE Z. Selek and M. Pınarlık, “Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması”, Politeknik Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 715–721, 2019, doi: 10.2339/politeknik.457958.
ISNAD Selek, Zeliha - Pınarlık, Murat. “Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması”. Politeknik Dergisi 22/3 (September 2019), 715-721. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.457958.
JAMA Selek Z, Pınarlık M. Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması. Politeknik Dergisi. 2019;22:715–721.
MLA Selek, Zeliha and Murat Pınarlık. “Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması”. Politeknik Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 3, 2019, pp. 715-21, doi:10.2339/politeknik.457958.
Vancouver Selek Z, Pınarlık M. Yeşilırmak Havzası Çakmak Barajı Rezervuarındaki Sediment Birikiminin Araştırılması. Politeknik Dergisi. 2019;22(3):715-21.