Feature-Based Performance Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Phishing Detection through Uniform Resource Locator

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 1261 - 1270, 01.10.2022

Taki Savaş Serkan Savaş

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1035286

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Recently, phishing attacks are very common. Such attacks are carried out with the aim of obtaining personal information of individuals or defrauding individuals. There are multiple types of phishing attacks. One of these types is the common attacks carried out through the uniform resource locator (URL). The purpose of this study is to classify whether URL addresses are malicious or not using different machine learning algorithms. Eight different machine learning algorithms including support vector machines, random forest, Gaussian Naive Bayes, logistic regression, k-nearest neighbor, decision trees, multilayer perceptrons and XGBoost algorithms were used in the study. Data were obtained from USOM, Alexa, and Phishtank to be used for training and testing purposes. Feature extraction was performed by applying various data pre-processing steps to these data. As a result of the research, the accuracy of 99.8% in more than one model has been achieved, and the success of machine learning algorithms in this area has been proven.

Keywords

Cybersecurity, phishing, machine learning, domain, cyber-attack detection

Tekdüzen Kaynak Bulucu Yoluyla Kimlik Avı Tespiti için Makine Öğrenmesi Algoritmalarının Özellik Tabanlı Performans Karşılaştırması

Abstract

Günümüzde kimlik avı (oltalama/phishing) saldırılarına çok sık rastlanmaktadır. Bu tür saldırılar insanların kişisel bilgilerini ele geçirmek ya da insanları dolandırmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmektedir. Kimlik avı saldırılarının birden fazla türü bulunmaktadır. Bu türlerden birisi de tekdüzen kaynak bulucu (uniform resource locater – URL) yoluyla gerçekleştirilen ve yaygın olarak rastlanılan saldırılardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, URL adreslerinin farklı makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları kullanarak zararlı olup olmadığını sınıflandırmaktır. Çalışmada destek vektör makineleri, rastgele orman, Gauss Naive Bayes, lojistik regresyon, k-en yakın komşu, karar ağaçları, çok katmanlı algılayıcılar ve XGBoost algoritmaları olmak üzere sekiz farklı makine öğrenmesi algoritması kullanılmıştır. Eğitim ve test amaçlı kullanılmak üzere USOM, Alexa ve Phishtank üzerinden veriler elde edilmiştir. Bu verilere çeşitli veri ön-işleme adımları uygulanarak özellik çıkarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda birden fazla modelde %99.8 doğruluk oranına ulaşılarak, makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarının bu alandaki başarımı kanıtlanmıştır.

Keywords

Siber güvenlik, kimlik avı, makine öğrenmesi, internet alan adı, siber saldırı tespiti

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