Design and Additive Manufacturing of Nerve Guide Conduits Using Triple Periodic Minimal Surface Structures

Year 2024, EARLY VIEW, 1 - 1

Aybegüm Numanoğlu , İsmail Şahin , Neslihan Top

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1470738

Abstract

Scaffold design is a key study area in tissue engineering. A scaffold is a three-dimensional framework that provides temporary support for the formation of new tissue before being implanted with isolated cells. The aim of tissue engineering scaffolds is to be colonized by cells. To ensure sufficient tissue growth, scaffolds need to transmit the necessary chemical and physical signals. The design of the scaffold determines its functionality. The design and manufacturing of tissue engineering scaffolds is a highly complex procedure. Scaffolds must have the necessary qualities to create an optimal architecture for cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation in order to form tissue. However, constrained structural designs and outdated manufacturing procedures impede the enhancement of scaffold qualities. To address these restrictions, researchers are merging computer-aided scaffold design with 3D printing processes during production. This method permits the design and manufacture of scaffolds with extremely intricate microstructures. The literature shows that computer-aided design combined with 3D printing technology is often utilized to design and manufacture nerve guide conduits for nerve regeneration. In this study, three different nerve guide conduit structures were designed and produced. Two of them are based on triple periodic minimal surfaces derived from Gyroid, schwarz. Although triple periodic minimal surfaces used as the basis for scaffold designs offer promising advantages for tissue engineering applications, limited information is available regarding their manufacturability. The designs created in this study, as well as their fabrication, will add to the literature on the manufacturability of triple periodic minimum surfaces.

Keywords

Triple Periodic Minimal Surfaces, Nerve Guide Conduit, Scaffolding

Üçlü Periyodik Minimal Yüzey Yapılar Kullanarak Sinir Kılavuz Kanallarının Tasarımı ve Eklemeli İmalatı

Abstract

Doku mühendisliği konusundaki ana araştırma konularından biri iskele tasarımıdır. İskele, izole edilmiş hücrelere konağa nakledilmeden önce yeni dokunun büyümesi için geçici destek görevi gören 3 boyutlu bir yapıdır. Doku mühendisliği yapı iskelelerinin hücreler tarafından kolonize edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Yeterli doku büyümesini sağlamak için iskelenin gerekli kimyasal ve fiziksel sinyalleri iletmesi gerekmektedir. İskelenin tasarımı, yapının işlevselliğini belirlemektedir. Doku mühendisliği iskelelerinin tasarımı ve üretimi oldukça karmaşık bir süreçtir. Hücrelerin büyümesi, çoğalması ve doku oluşturmak için farklılaşmasına uygun bir mimari sağlamak amacıyla iskeleler uygun özelliklere sahip olmalıdır. Ancak sınırlı yapısal tasarımlar ve geleneksel üretim teknikleri, iskele özelliklerinin geliştirilmesini engellemektedir. Bu kısıtları aşmak için, araştırmacılar bilgisayar destekli iskele tasarımlarını üretimde 3B baskı teknikleriyle birleştirmektedir. Bu yaklaşım, iskelelerin yüksek derecede karmaşık mikroyapılarla tasarlanarak üretilmesini sağlamaktadır. Sinir kılavuz kanalları tübüler doku mühendisliği iskeleleridir. Literatürde bilgisayar destekli tasarımla 3B üretim tekniklerinin sinir rejenerasyonu için kullanılan sinir kılavuz kanallarını tasarlamak ve üretmek için sıkça uygulandığı görülmesine rağmen üçlü periyodik minimal yüzeylerin yapısal tasarıma temel alındığı çalışmalar kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışmada düz silindir yapı ve iki farklı TPMS birim hücreden olmak üzere üç farklı birim hücre tasarlanmış ve üretilmiştir. Çalışma üçlü periyodik minimal yüzeyler temel alınarak tasarlanmış sinir kılavuz kanallarının üretilebilirlikleri hakkında literatüre katkıda bulunacaktır.

Keywords

Üçlü periyodik minimal yüzeyler, Sinir Kılavuz kanalları, iskele yapıları

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