Afetler Karşısında Toplum Dirençliliği

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 31.12.2017

Nehir Varol , Esma Buluş Kırıkkaya

https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.344784

Cited By: 42

Abstract

Afetler günlük yaşamı alt
üst eden, can ve mal kayıplarına yol açabilen, insan çevre arasındaki dengenin
bozulmasına neden olan olaylardır. Doğal ya da teknolojik tehlike, risk ve
kırılganlık ile birleştiğinde yıkıcı afetler meydana gelebilir. Son yıllarda,
ekonomik, sosyolojik, çevresel ve fiziksel kırılganlıkların artmasıyla
özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, afetler daha sık yaşanmaya başlamıştır.
ISDR 2015 raporuna göre; dünyada afetlerden kaynaklanan maddi hasarın yıllık
ortalama 314 milyar ABD dolarına ulaştığı tahmin edilmektedir. Son 10 yılda
sadece meteorolojik kökenli afetlerin sayısı % 14 oranında artmıştır .
Afetlerin olası etkilerini azaltmak; ancak başarılı bir afet risk yönetimi ve
toplumun afetlere karşı direncinin artırılması ile mümkün olabilecektir.
Toplumda afetlere karsı direnç az, zarar görebilirlilik /kırılganlık fazla ise,
afet oluşumu ve afetlerin olası etkilerine maruz kalmak kaçınılmaz olur. Bu
makalede afet dirençliliği kavramı irdelenmiş ve UNISDR tarafından gündeme
getirilmiş olan HFA ve Sendai Eylem planları çerçevesinde, toplumda afetlere
karşı direncin artırılması için yapılabilecek çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

afet risk yönetimi, Hyogo Eylem Planı, Dirençlilik, Sendai Eylem Planı

Community Resilience Against Disasters

Abstract

Disasters effects daily
life and can lead loss of life and property, and destabilize the human
environment. When combined with natural or technological hazard, risk and
vulnerability, destructive disasters may occur. In recent years, with
increasing economic, sociological, environmental and physical vulnerabilities,
disasters have begun to occur more frequently, especially in developing
countries. According to ISDR 2015 report; it is estimated that the property
damage caused by disasters in the world reaches an average of 314 billion US
dollars annually. In the last 10 years, only the number of meteorological
disasters has increased by 14%. Reducing the possible effects of disasters can
be possible with a successful disaster risk management and with increasing
disaster resilience. If the disaster resilience is low in the society and the
vulnerability is high, it is inevitable to be exposed to the disasters and its
destructive effects. This article examines the concept of disaster resilience
and assesses the work that can be done to increase disaster resilience in
society in the framework of the HFA and Sendai Action Plans, which have been
brought to the agenda by UNISDR.

Keywords

Resilience, Disaster Risk Management, Hyogo Action Plan, Sendai Action Plan

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