Yabancı dil olarak İngilizce öğretiminde çağdaş öğretim türleri: harmanlanmış öğrenme & ters-yüz sınıf

Öz

Yabancı Dil Olarak İngilizce Öğretimi (EFL), çağın koşullarına bağlı olarak on yıllar boyunca teorik ve pratik değişikliklere uğramıştır. Değişen koşullar farklı yaklaşımların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. İnternetin sosyal hayata ve eğitim alanına girmesiyle okullarda farklı teknolojik altyapılar oluşturulmuş ve uygulamaya konulmuştur. BT (Bilgi Teknolojileri) bir zamanlar sadece okullarda ders olarak okutulsa da, günümüzde derslerin kendileri bile artık internet ve sunduğu teknolojik altyapılar aracılığıyla sağlanmaktadır. Son yıllardaki teknolojik gelişmeler Yabancı Dil Olarak İngilizce Öğretimini bu doğrultuda modern hale getirmiştir. Öğretim ve öğrenme sürecine yardımcı olmak ve özellikle bilgileri farklı modlarda sunmak için teknolojiden yararlanılmıştır. Daha yakın bir gelişme olarak, 2020'nin başında ortaya çıkan ve tüm eğitim sistemini ve uygulamalarını etkileyen COVID-19 salgını sonrasında uzaktan eğitimin yaygın olarak uygulanması ile EFL sınıflarında çağdaş eğitim modellerinin ve yaklaşımlarının öneminin vurgulanması ve araştırılması ihtiyacı bir gereklilik haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle bu kavramsal çalışmada, EFL sınıflarında kullanılan çağdaş yaklaşımlar olan harmanlanmış öğrenme ve ters-yüz sınıf modellerini teorik olarak tartışmayı amaçladık. Özellikle yakın zamandaki çalışmaları ve bu kavramlarla ilgili literatürü araştırarak İngilizce sınıflarındaki teknoloji hegemonyasını, harmanlanmış öğrenme ve ters-yüz sınıf modellerini tartıştık. Alanyazın, giderek daha fazla araştırılan bu çağdaş öğretim türlerinin hem öğretmenler hem de öğrenciler için son derece faydalı ve kullanışlı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu kavramsal çalışmada harmanlanmış öğrenme ve ters-yüz sınıf modellerinin öğrencilerin akademik performanslarını ve motivasyonlarını artırmada etkili oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin İngilizce öğrenmeye karşı olumlu tutumlar sergilemelerine yol açabilecekleri görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• harmanlanmış öğrenme
• Yabancı Dil Olarak İngilizce
• ters-yüz sınıf
• öğretim türleri

Investigation of contemporary instruction modes in EFL teaching: blended learning & flipped classroom

Abstract

Teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) has undergone theoretical and practical changes during decades depending on the conditions of the era. Changing circumstances have caused different approaches to emerge. With the introduction of the internet into social life and the area of education, different technological infrastructures have been created and put into practice in schools. While IT (Information Technology) once was only taught as a course at schools, even the courses themselves are now being provided through the Internet and the technological infrastructures it presents. Technological advances in recent decades have modernized EFL teaching accordingly. Technology has been benefited to assist the teaching and learning process and specially to deliver the information in different modes. As a more recent development, with widely implemented distance education after the COVID-19 pandemic broke out in the beginning of 2020, which affected the whole education system and settings, the need for emphasizing and investigating contemporary educational models and approaches for EFL classes has become a necessity. Therefore, in this conceptual study, we aimed to discuss blended learning and flipped classroom theoretically as contemporary approaches that are used in EFL classrooms. Specifically, we discussed the hegemony of technology, blended learning and flipped classroom in English language classrooms by investigating the recent studies and the literature on these concepts. The literature has revealed that these contemporary instruction modes which have increasingly been investigated are highly advantageous and useful for both teachers and students. In this conceptual study, it has been concluded that blended learning and flipped classroom are effective in increasing students’ academic performances and motivation. It has also been found that they can lead students to have positive attitudes towards learning English.

Keywords

• blended learning
• EFL
• flipped classroom
• instruction modes

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