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Olgu çalışması: Yazılı metinlerde İngilizce’ de üçüncü tekil şahıs –s kullanımı

Year 2018, Issue: 13, 84 - 93, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.504253

Abstract

Öğretmenlerin İngilizceyi ikinci/yabancı dil
olarak öğrenen öğrencilere sunduğu temel dilbilgisi kurallarından biri olan
üçüncü tekil şahıs
–s edinimi i
kinci / yabancı dil öğrenenler için giriş
niteliğinde bir kavram olarak kabul edilir. Bu nedenle, hem anadili İngilizce
olan bireylerde hem de İngilizceyi yabancı/ikinci dil olarak öğrenen öğrenciler
tarafından ediniminin neden oldukça zorlayıcı bir dilbilgisi kuralı olduğunu
anlayabilmek için bu konu farklı bakış açıları ve kuramsal çerçevelerde
incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Karadeniz bölgesinde yer alan bir devlet
üniversitesi bünyesindeki yabancı diller yüksekokulu İngilizce hazırlık
sınıflarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, İngilizceyi yabancı dil olarak
öğrenen anadili Türkçe olan öğrencilerin geniş zamanda üçüncü tekil şahıs –s
kullanımını incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışma verileri 39 öğrencinin yazma
sınavlarından 2017-2018 yılında elde edilmiştir. Öğrenci sınavları
araştırmacılar tarafından çevriyazıya dönüştürülmüş ve öğrencilerin üçüncü
tekil şahıs kullanımları incelenmiştir. Öğrenci sınavlarında 40 doğru, 43
atlama ve 13 yanlış kullanım örnekleri tespit edilmiştir. Alanyazınla tutarlı
bir sonuç olarak, çalışma kapsamında elde edilen veriler İngilizceyi öğrenen öğrencilerin
üçüncü tekil şahıs -s kuralını öğrenmede ve kullanmada zorlandıklarını ortaya
koymuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları hem İngilizce yabancı dil sınıf uygulamaları
hem de İngiliz dili öğreticileri ve araştırmacıları için eğitimsel çıkarımlar
sunmaktadır. 

References

  • Bailey, N., Madden, C., & Krashen, S. D. (1974). Is there a 'Natural Sequence' in Adult Second Language Learning? Language Learning: A Journal of Applied Linguistics, 24, 235-243. Blom, E., Paradis J. & Duncan, T. S (2012). Effects of Input Properties, Vocabulary Size, and L1 on the Development of Third Person Singular –s in Child L2 English. Retrieved 10.05.2017 from https://sites.ualberta.ca/~jparadis/Johanne_Paradis_Homepage/Publications_files/BPSD_LL.pdf Brown, R. (1973). A First Language: The Early Stages. Oxford, England: Harvard U. Press. Chafe, W.L. (1982). Integration and Involvement in Speaking, Writing, and Oral Literature. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Spoken and Written Language: Exploring Orality and Literacy (pp. 35-53). Norwood, NJ: Ablex. DeKeyser, R. (2005). What Makes Learning Second Language Grammar Difficult? A review of issues. Language Learning, 55, 1-25. Dressler, W. U. (2003), Morphological Typology and First Language Acquisition: Some Mutual Challenges. In G. Booij, E. Guevara, A. Ralli, S. Sgroi & S. Scalise (eds.), Morphology and Linguistic Typology, On-line Proceedings of the Fourth Mediterranean Morphology Meeting (MMM4), Catania 21-23 September 2003 Dulay, H., & Burt, M. (1974). Natural Sequence in Child Language Acquisition. TESOL Quarterly, 129-136. Ellis, R. (1997). SLA Research and Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellis, R. (2008). The Study of Second Language Acquisition (Second Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ertekin, D. (2006). Acquisition of L2 English Inflectional System by Turkish Native Speakers: Rulegoverned or rote-learned. Unpublished Dissertation, Adana. Gass, S. and Selinker, L., (1994). Second Language Acquisition: An Introductory Course. Hilldale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Goldschneider, J. M. and DeKeyser, R. M. (2001). Explaining the “Natural Order of L2 Morpheme Acquisition” in English: A Meta‐analysis of Multiple Determinants. Language Learning.51(1):1-50. Harklau, L. (2002) The Role of Writing in Classroom Second Language Acquisition. Journal of Second Language Writing, 11, 329-350. Haznedar, B. (2003), Missing Surface Inflection in Adult and Child L2 Acquisition. In Proceeding of the 6th Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition Conference (GASLA 2002), ed. Juana M. Liceras et al., 140-149. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project. Hieronymus, J. L. (1993). ASCII Phonetic Symbols for World's Languages: Worldbet. Bell Labs Technical Memorandum, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, available at: www.ling.ohio‐state.edu/∼edwards/WorldBet/worldbet.pdf (accessed 10 May 2018). Hsieh, F. T. (2009). The Acquisition of English Tense/Agreement Morphology and Copula be by L1-Chinese-Speaking Learners. Papers from the Lancaster University Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics & Language Teaching (pp. 46-59). Lancaster: Lancaster University. Kenworthy, R. (2006). Time versus At –home Assessment Tests: Does Time Affect Quality of Second Langueage Learners’ Written Compositions?.TESL-EJ. 10(1):1-7. Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press. Larsen-Freeman, D. (1975).The Acquisition of Grammatical Morphemes by Adult ESL Learners.TESOL quarterly.9(4): 409-419 Larsen-Freeman, D. (1976). An Explanation for the Morpheme Acquisition Order of Second Language Learners. Language Learners, 125-134. Luk, Z. P. & Shirai, Y. (2009). Is the Acquisition Order Of Grammatical Morphemes Impervious to L1 Knowledge? Evidence from the Acquisition of Plural –s, Articles, and Possessive’s. Language Learning, 59(4), 721-754. O’Grady, W.(2006). The Problem of Verbal Inflection in Second Language Acquisition. Pan –Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics.1-21. Quirk, R., Greembaum, S. (1990). A Student’s Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman. Shin, S., & Milroy, L. (1999). Bilingual Acquisition by Korean School Children in New York City. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2(2), 147-167. Thompson, S., K. (2012). Sampling. (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics). NY: Wiley. Ulgu, S., Nisancı, S. and Unal, S., (2013). Acquisition of Third Person Singular -s: A Primary State School (Sixth Graders) Case in Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Volume 70, 25 January 2013, Pages 1347-1353. VanPatten, B. (1996). Input Processing and Grammar Instruction. New York: Ablex. VanPatten, B. (2007). Input processing in adult second language acquisition. In B. VanPatten & J. Williams (Eds.), Theories in Second Language Acquisition. An Introduction (pp. 115-135). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

A case study: Exploring the use of 3rd person singular –s in English in written register

Year 2018, Issue: 13, 84 - 93, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.504253

Abstract

The acquisition of the 3rd person singular -s in
English is considered as an introductory concept for second/foreign language
learners because it is one of the basic grammatical rules instructed by
teachers to L2 learners of English. Therefore, it has been analyzed through
different perspectives and theoretical frameworks in order to find a proper
interpretation to understand why it is one of the most challenging grammatical
rules to be acquired by English L1 and L2 learners. The study aims to analyze
the use of third person singular present tense –s by the students who are
undergraduate Turkish speakers learning English as a foreign language at a
state university in Blacksea region of Turkey. The study gathered data from 39
students’ writing exams in 2017-2018 academic year. The writings were
transcribed by the researchers and the students’ uses of 3sg –s were analyzed.
The results comprised 40 grammatically/correctly inflected items, 43 omission
item (OI) and 13 wrongly/incorrectly inflected items (WI). Compatible with the
results in relevant literature, the findings of the study suggest that students
learning English seem to have difficulty mastering the use of the 3sg –
s. The findings of this study have both pedagogical implications for
EFL classroom practices and for foreign language teachers and researchers. 

References

  • Bailey, N., Madden, C., & Krashen, S. D. (1974). Is there a 'Natural Sequence' in Adult Second Language Learning? Language Learning: A Journal of Applied Linguistics, 24, 235-243. Blom, E., Paradis J. & Duncan, T. S (2012). Effects of Input Properties, Vocabulary Size, and L1 on the Development of Third Person Singular –s in Child L2 English. Retrieved 10.05.2017 from https://sites.ualberta.ca/~jparadis/Johanne_Paradis_Homepage/Publications_files/BPSD_LL.pdf Brown, R. (1973). A First Language: The Early Stages. Oxford, England: Harvard U. Press. Chafe, W.L. (1982). Integration and Involvement in Speaking, Writing, and Oral Literature. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Spoken and Written Language: Exploring Orality and Literacy (pp. 35-53). Norwood, NJ: Ablex. DeKeyser, R. (2005). What Makes Learning Second Language Grammar Difficult? A review of issues. Language Learning, 55, 1-25. Dressler, W. U. (2003), Morphological Typology and First Language Acquisition: Some Mutual Challenges. In G. Booij, E. Guevara, A. Ralli, S. Sgroi & S. Scalise (eds.), Morphology and Linguistic Typology, On-line Proceedings of the Fourth Mediterranean Morphology Meeting (MMM4), Catania 21-23 September 2003 Dulay, H., & Burt, M. (1974). Natural Sequence in Child Language Acquisition. TESOL Quarterly, 129-136. Ellis, R. (1997). SLA Research and Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellis, R. (2008). The Study of Second Language Acquisition (Second Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ertekin, D. (2006). Acquisition of L2 English Inflectional System by Turkish Native Speakers: Rulegoverned or rote-learned. Unpublished Dissertation, Adana. Gass, S. and Selinker, L., (1994). Second Language Acquisition: An Introductory Course. Hilldale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Goldschneider, J. M. and DeKeyser, R. M. (2001). Explaining the “Natural Order of L2 Morpheme Acquisition” in English: A Meta‐analysis of Multiple Determinants. Language Learning.51(1):1-50. Harklau, L. (2002) The Role of Writing in Classroom Second Language Acquisition. Journal of Second Language Writing, 11, 329-350. Haznedar, B. (2003), Missing Surface Inflection in Adult and Child L2 Acquisition. In Proceeding of the 6th Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition Conference (GASLA 2002), ed. Juana M. Liceras et al., 140-149. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project. Hieronymus, J. L. (1993). ASCII Phonetic Symbols for World's Languages: Worldbet. Bell Labs Technical Memorandum, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, available at: www.ling.ohio‐state.edu/∼edwards/WorldBet/worldbet.pdf (accessed 10 May 2018). Hsieh, F. T. (2009). The Acquisition of English Tense/Agreement Morphology and Copula be by L1-Chinese-Speaking Learners. Papers from the Lancaster University Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics & Language Teaching (pp. 46-59). Lancaster: Lancaster University. Kenworthy, R. (2006). Time versus At –home Assessment Tests: Does Time Affect Quality of Second Langueage Learners’ Written Compositions?.TESL-EJ. 10(1):1-7. Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press. Larsen-Freeman, D. (1975).The Acquisition of Grammatical Morphemes by Adult ESL Learners.TESOL quarterly.9(4): 409-419 Larsen-Freeman, D. (1976). An Explanation for the Morpheme Acquisition Order of Second Language Learners. Language Learners, 125-134. Luk, Z. P. & Shirai, Y. (2009). Is the Acquisition Order Of Grammatical Morphemes Impervious to L1 Knowledge? Evidence from the Acquisition of Plural –s, Articles, and Possessive’s. Language Learning, 59(4), 721-754. O’Grady, W.(2006). The Problem of Verbal Inflection in Second Language Acquisition. Pan –Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics.1-21. Quirk, R., Greembaum, S. (1990). A Student’s Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman. Shin, S., & Milroy, L. (1999). Bilingual Acquisition by Korean School Children in New York City. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2(2), 147-167. Thompson, S., K. (2012). Sampling. (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics). NY: Wiley. Ulgu, S., Nisancı, S. and Unal, S., (2013). Acquisition of Third Person Singular -s: A Primary State School (Sixth Graders) Case in Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Volume 70, 25 January 2013, Pages 1347-1353. VanPatten, B. (1996). Input Processing and Grammar Instruction. New York: Ablex. VanPatten, B. (2007). Input processing in adult second language acquisition. In B. VanPatten & J. Williams (Eds.), Theories in Second Language Acquisition. An Introduction (pp. 115-135). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Turkish language, culture and literature
Authors

Zekeriya Hamamcı 0000-0002-7675-7742

Ezgi Hamamcı This is me 0000-0002-0633-0292

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 13

Cite

APA Hamamcı, Z., & Hamamcı, E. (2018). A case study: Exploring the use of 3rd person singular –s in English in written register. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(13), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.504253