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Batılıların anılarında temsil edildiği üzere Türk hamamları ve hamamların fonksiyonları

Year 2020, Issue: 20, 616 - 625, 21.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.792261

Abstract

Türk kadınlarının sosyal yaşamları ve boş zaman etkinlikleri söz konusu olduğunda, Batılı seyahat yazarları genellikle Türk hamamlarında meydana gelen eğlencelerin örneklerini paylaşırlar. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminde Türk topraklarına gelen seyahat yazarlarının yazdığı anıların çoğunda eğlenceler hakkında bir bölüm vardır. Bu bölümde Türk kadınlarının yaşam tarzları da dâhil olmak üzere Türk hamamları hakkında pek çok bilgi bulunmaktadır. Türk hamamı insanların -kadın ve erkek- sadece gidip banyo yaptıkları bir yer olarak düşünülmemelidir. Burası Türk kadınlarının zamanlarının çoğunu arkadaşları ve komşularıyla geçirdiği bir yerdir. Ayrıca kadınlar hamamları kafe, restoran gibi buluşma yerleri olarak kullanırlar. Bu nedenle yabancı yazarlar çalışmalarında ve bazen abartılı örneklerle hamamların Türk kadınları için önemini aktarmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Lady Montagu, Vahan Cardashian, Lucy M. J. Garnett ve Miss Pardoe gibi seyahat yazarları ya hamamlar konusunda bir bölüm yazmışlar ya da yazılarında bu yerler hakkında bilgi paylaşımında bulunmuşlardır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, Batılı yazarların çalışmalarına dayanarak, Türk hamamlarının Türk kültüründeki önemi üzerinde duracak ve Türk kadınlarının bu yerlerde kendilerini nasıl eğlendirdiklerini ortaya çıkaracaktır.

References

  • [Blunt, F. J.] (1878). The People of Turkey: Twenty Years’ Residence among Bulgarians, Greeks, Albanians, Turks and Armenians, By A Consul's Daughter and Wife, (Ed.) Stanley Lane Poole. Volume II. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street.
  • Boulden, J. E. P. (1855). An American among the Orientals: Including an Audience with the Sultan, And a Visit to the Interior of a Turkish Harem. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston.
  • Bozok, D. (2005). Türk Hamamı Ve Geleneklerinin Turizmde Uygulanışı. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8 (13), 62-86.
  • Cardashian, V. (1914). Actual Life in the Turkish Harem. Third Edition. California: University of California.
  • De Kay, J. E. (1833). Sketches of Turkey in 1831 and 1832. By an American. New-York: J. & J. Harper.
  • Ellison, G. (1915). An English Woman in a Turkish Harem. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd.
  • Ellison, G. (1923). An English Woman in Angora. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company.
  • Ferriman, Z. Duckett (1911). Turkey and the Turks. London: Mills & Boon, Limited.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1890). The Women of Turkey and Their Folk-Lore Volume I, London: David Nutt.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1904). Turkish Life in Town and Country. G. P. Putnam’s Sons. New York: The Knickerbocker Press.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1909a). Home Life in Turkey. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1909b). The Turkish People: Their Social Life, Religious Beliefs and Institutions and Domestic Life. London: Methuen & Co.
  • Garnett, L. M. (1911). Turkey of the Ottomans. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  • Harvey, A. J. (1871). Turkish Harems and Circassian Homes. London: Hurst & Blackett.
  • Hawley, W. A. (1918). Asia Minor. London: John Lane the Bodley Head.
  • Jenkins, H. D. (1911). Behind Turkish Lattices: The Story of a Turkish Woman's life. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company.
  • Kaçmaz, E. (2014). Turkish Women, Education and Missionary Practices in the Works of Hester Donaldson Jenkins. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül University.
  • Kurnaz, Ş. (1997). Cumhuriyet Öncesinde Türk Kadını, İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı.
  • Leake, W. M. (1814). Journal of a Tour in Asia Minor, With Comparative Remarks on the Ancient and Modern Geography of that Country. London: John Murray.
  • Montagu, L. M. W. (1763). Turkish Embassy Letters. London: Virago, 1994.
  • Pardoe, M. (1838). The Beauties of the Bosphorus; Illustrated in a Series of Views of Constantinople and its Environs, from original Drawings by W.H. Bartlett. London: George Virtue.
  • Patrick, M. M. (1929). Under Five Sultans. New York: The Century Co.
  • Ramsay, W. M. (1897a). Everyday Life in Turkey. London: Aberdeen University Press.
  • Ramsay, W. M. (1897b). Impressions of Turkey during Twelve Years' Wanderings, London: Aberdeen University Press.
  • Schneider, Mrs. E. C. A. (1846). Letters from Broosa, Asia Minor. Chambersburg: Rev. Samuel Gittehus. Pa.
  • Vaka, D. (Mrs. Kenneth-Brown). (1914). A Child of the Orient. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Turkish baths and their functions as represented in the memoirs of Westerners

Year 2020, Issue: 20, 616 - 625, 21.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.792261

Abstract

When the social lives and leisure activities of Turkish women are observed, Western travel writers generally share examples of the amusements that occurred in Turkish baths. There is a chapter about amusements in most of the memoirs written by travel writers who came to the Turkish territory during the time of the Ottoman Empire. In this chapter, there is a lot of information about Turkish baths including the lifestyles of Turkish women. The Turkish bath should not be considered a place where people –men and women- just go and take baths. It is a place where Turkish women spend most of their time with their friends and neighbours. Women also use baths as meeting places similar to cafes and restaurants. Thus, foreign writers convey the importance of baths for Turkish women in their works, and sometimes with exaggerated examples. Within this context travel writers such as Lady Montagu, Vahan Cardashian, Lucy M. J. Garnett, and Miss Pardoe either wrote a chapter on baths or shared information about these places in their writings. This study will, therefore, focus on the significance of Turkish baths in Turkish culture based on the works of Western writers and reveal how Turkish women amuse themselves in these places.

References

  • [Blunt, F. J.] (1878). The People of Turkey: Twenty Years’ Residence among Bulgarians, Greeks, Albanians, Turks and Armenians, By A Consul's Daughter and Wife, (Ed.) Stanley Lane Poole. Volume II. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street.
  • Boulden, J. E. P. (1855). An American among the Orientals: Including an Audience with the Sultan, And a Visit to the Interior of a Turkish Harem. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston.
  • Bozok, D. (2005). Türk Hamamı Ve Geleneklerinin Turizmde Uygulanışı. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8 (13), 62-86.
  • Cardashian, V. (1914). Actual Life in the Turkish Harem. Third Edition. California: University of California.
  • De Kay, J. E. (1833). Sketches of Turkey in 1831 and 1832. By an American. New-York: J. & J. Harper.
  • Ellison, G. (1915). An English Woman in a Turkish Harem. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd.
  • Ellison, G. (1923). An English Woman in Angora. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company.
  • Ferriman, Z. Duckett (1911). Turkey and the Turks. London: Mills & Boon, Limited.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1890). The Women of Turkey and Their Folk-Lore Volume I, London: David Nutt.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1904). Turkish Life in Town and Country. G. P. Putnam’s Sons. New York: The Knickerbocker Press.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1909a). Home Life in Turkey. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Garnett, L. M. J. (1909b). The Turkish People: Their Social Life, Religious Beliefs and Institutions and Domestic Life. London: Methuen & Co.
  • Garnett, L. M. (1911). Turkey of the Ottomans. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  • Harvey, A. J. (1871). Turkish Harems and Circassian Homes. London: Hurst & Blackett.
  • Hawley, W. A. (1918). Asia Minor. London: John Lane the Bodley Head.
  • Jenkins, H. D. (1911). Behind Turkish Lattices: The Story of a Turkish Woman's life. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company.
  • Kaçmaz, E. (2014). Turkish Women, Education and Missionary Practices in the Works of Hester Donaldson Jenkins. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül University.
  • Kurnaz, Ş. (1997). Cumhuriyet Öncesinde Türk Kadını, İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı.
  • Leake, W. M. (1814). Journal of a Tour in Asia Minor, With Comparative Remarks on the Ancient and Modern Geography of that Country. London: John Murray.
  • Montagu, L. M. W. (1763). Turkish Embassy Letters. London: Virago, 1994.
  • Pardoe, M. (1838). The Beauties of the Bosphorus; Illustrated in a Series of Views of Constantinople and its Environs, from original Drawings by W.H. Bartlett. London: George Virtue.
  • Patrick, M. M. (1929). Under Five Sultans. New York: The Century Co.
  • Ramsay, W. M. (1897a). Everyday Life in Turkey. London: Aberdeen University Press.
  • Ramsay, W. M. (1897b). Impressions of Turkey during Twelve Years' Wanderings, London: Aberdeen University Press.
  • Schneider, Mrs. E. C. A. (1846). Letters from Broosa, Asia Minor. Chambersburg: Rev. Samuel Gittehus. Pa.
  • Vaka, D. (Mrs. Kenneth-Brown). (1914). A Child of the Orient. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cultural Studies
Journal Section World languages, cultures and litertures
Authors

Ercan Kaçmaz This is me 0000-0001-8304-6482

Publication Date September 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 20

Cite

APA Kaçmaz, E. (2020). Turkish baths and their functions as represented in the memoirs of Westerners. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(20), 616-625. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.792261