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ВЛИЯНИЕ ВОПРОСА О МИГРАЦИИ И МИГРАНТАХ НА ОТНОШЕНИЯ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СОЮЗА И РОССИИ

Year 2024, , 87 - 103, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.48068/rusad.1401840

Abstract

В последнее время в Европейском союзе (ЕС) вновь актуализировался миграционный кризис. В основном это произошло из-за двух событий, связанных с Россией. Этими событиями являются политический кризис в Беларуси и проведение Россией специальной военной операции на Украине (“вторжения в Украину”). Исторически в отношениях между ЕС и Россией возникали значительные проблемы в различных областях. Однако в вопросах, связанных с иммиграцией и иммигрантами, таких проблем не было. Специальная военная операция, начавшаяся 24 февраля 2022 года, привела к нарастанию напряженности между сторонами.
Миграционный кризис представляет угрозу не только для государств-членов ЕС, но и для России, имеющей с ним границы. В этом контексте глобализация и многополярность международной системы привели страны к ряду проблем в области внутренней и внешней безопасности.
Цель этого исследования - изучить сотрудничество между ЕС и Россией по вопросам миграции и мигрантов, проанализировав Соглашение о партнерстве и сотрудничестве (1997 года) и Дорожную карту Общего пространства свободы, безопасности и правосудия (2005 года). Указанные документы имели следствием соглашения о реадмиссии и упрощении визового режима. Кроме того, в статье были выявлены различия в подходах ЕС и России к мигрантам. В то время как ЕС обеспечивает права иностранных граждан и их социально-экономическую интеграцию в принимающие общества, подход России к интеграции мигрантов, по мнению автора, в основном основан на культурных и языковых ценностях.

References

  • Averre, Derek. “Russia and the European Union: Convergence or Divergence?.” European Security 14 /2(2005): 175-202.
  • Barroso, J. M. Durão. “Statement by the President of the European Commission Following the EU — Russia Summit.” SPEECH 10/734, 2010. Erişim 08.03.2022. https://www.academia.edu/80056360/Multiple_Dental_Abnormalities_in_a_Geriatric_Horse?uc-g-sw=76028140
  • Bauer, Michael, Christoph Knill & Diana Pitschel. “Differential Europeanisation in Eastern Europe: The Impact of Diverse EU Regulatory Governance Patterns.” Journal of European Integration 29/4(2007): 405-423. Baykal, Sanem & İlke Göçmen. Avrupa Birliği Kurumsal Hukuku. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları, 2016.
  • Bayram, Mehmet Hanifi. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku Dersleri. Ankara: Seçkin, 2019.
  • Benyon, John. “Policing the European Union: The Changing Basis of Cooperation on Law Enforcement.” International Affairs 70/3 (1994): 497-517.
  • Bisson, Lyubov Sergeyevna. “Integratsiya Immigrantov v YeS i Rossii: Raznitsa v Podkhodakh.” РАН 6 (2018): 112-118.
  • Coleman, Nils Philip. European Readmission Policy: Third Country Interests and Refugee Rights. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2009.
  • Common Strategy of the European Union. “Common Strategy of the European Union Russia (1999/ 414/CFSP).” Official Journal of the European Communities 157 (1999): 1-14.
  • Council of the European Union. “The Stockholm Programme – An Open and Secure Europe Serving and Protecting the Citizens.” 17024/09 (2009): 1-82.
  • Council of the European Union. “Decision of 30 October 1997 on the Conclusion of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement Between the European Communities and its Member States, on the One Part, and the Russian Federation.” Official Journal 327 (1997).
  • Çakmak, Cenap. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku. İstanbul: On İki Levha, 2017.
  • Davies, Karen. Understanding European Union Law. New York: Routledge, 2013.
  • Hein Donner, Piet, Johan Remkes & Rita Verdonk, “Common Basic Principles Integration Policy in the European Union: Press Release. Council of the European Union Minister for Integration and Immigration.” 2618th Council Meeting. 2004. Erişim 11.03.2022. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/PRES_04_321
  • European Commission. “What is the New Pact on Migration and Asylum of the EU?” Erişim 10.02.2024, https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/new-pact-migration-and-asylum_en
  • European Commission Migration and Home Affairs, “Common European Asylum System.” Erişim 09.02.2024, https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/common-european-asylum-system_en
  • European Parliament. “Tampere European Council 15 and 16 October 1999 Presidency Conclusions.” Erişim 11.03.2022. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/tam_en.htm
  • “EUROPOL,” Erişim 13.09.2023. https://www.europol.europa.eu/executive-director-of-europol
  • Günay, Halil. “Yunanistan Örneği Üzerinden Uluslararası Göç Meselesine ve Mevzuatına Dair Bir Değerlendirme.” Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Akademik İzdüşüm Dergisi 6/2 (2021): 58-74.
  • “Güvenli, Düzenli ve Düzenli Göç için Küresel İlkeler Sözleşmesi.” Birleşmiş Milletler. Erişim 04.12.2023. https://www.goc.gov.tr/kurumlar/goc.gov.tr/files/k%C3%BCresel%20g%C3%B6%C3%A7%20mutabakat%C4%B1.pdf
  • “Immigrant Integration.” Migration Policy Institute. Erişim 04.12.2023. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/topics/immigrant-integration
  • International Organization for Migration. “World Migratıon Report 2018.” The UN Migration Agency (2017). 19. Erişim 04.12.2023. https://www.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl486/files/country/docs/china/r5_world_migration_report_2018_en.pdf
  • Ülger, İrfan Kaya. Avrupa Birliği’nin ABC’si, Ankara: Sinemis, 2007.
  • İsmayilov, Elnur. “21. Yüzyıl Rusya Dış Politika Doktrinleri’nde Güney Kafkasya ve Orta Asya Değerlendirmesi.” Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasi Bilimler Dergisi 1/1(2013): 87-106.
  • Kamalov, İlyas. Putin’in Rusya’sı: KGB’den Devlet Başkanlığına. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 2004.
  • Koçak, Orhan & R. Demet Gündüz. “Avrupa Birliği Göç Politikaları ve Göçmenlerin Sosyal Olarak İçerilmelerine Etkisi.” Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 7/12 (2016): 66-91.
  • Köktaş, Arif. “Özgürlük, Güvenlik ve Adalet Alanı.” Avrupa Birliği Tarihçe, Teoriler, Kurumlar ve Politikalar içinde, ed. Belgin Akçay & İlke Göçmen, 491-521. Ankara: Seçkin, 2016.
  • Maximova S. G., D. A. Omelchenko & O. E. Noyanzina. “International Migration in Border Regions of Russia: Structural Modeling of Public Attitudes.” RUDN Journal of Sociology 19/4 (2019): 737-755.
  • Mihaylovna, Alekseeva Polina & Naymoviç Yulia Arturovna. “Rossiya i Yevropeyskiy Soyuz: Istoriya i Perspektivy Razvitiya Otnosheniy.” Vestnik Nauki i Obrazovaniya 3/57 (2019): 51-56.
  • Nikolaevna Molodikova Irina, Lyalina Anna Valentinovna & Emelyanova Larisa Leonidovna. “Vzaimodeystviye c Diasporami i Diasporal’nymi Organizatsiyami Kak Klyuch k Uspeshnoy Politike Integratsii Migrantov v YeS.” Baltıyskiy Region 10/3 (2018): 58-79.
  • Musaoğlu Neziha & Uğur Özgöker. “Rusya-AB İlişkilerinde Stratejik Ortaklıktan Stratejik Depresyona.” Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi 4/8 (2008): 73-98.
  • “Council Decision of 19 April 2007 on the Conclusion of the Agreement Between the European Community and the Russian Federation on the Facilitation of Issuance of Short-Stay Visas.” Official Journal of the European Communities 129/25 (12007): 1-68.
  • “Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation Establishing a Partnership Between the European Communities and Their Member States, of One Part, and the Russian Federation, of the Other Part.” Official Journal of the European Communities 327/3 (1997): 1-44.
  • Official Journal of the European Union. “Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union.” Official Journal 191 (1992): 29-42.
  • Poletaev, D. V. “Ot Nedoveriya K SolidarnostiIli Novomu Nedoveriyu? Migratsionnyy Opyt Rossii v Mirovom Kontekste.” Valdai 97 (2018): 1-23.
  • Proyekt Federal’nogo Zakona. “O Sotsial’noy i Kul’turnoy Adaptatsii i Integratsii Inostrannykh Grazhdan v Rossiyskoy Federatsii.” Federal’nyy Zakon. Erişim 19.11.2022. https://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=PRJ&n=116341#c9uMeGUHX3OkjbZT
  • Potapenkova, Irina V. “Migratsionnoye Regulirovaniye v YeS: Integratsionnyye Predposylki i Problemy Pravovogo Obespecheniya.” Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii 4 (2018): 176-178.
  • Raul, Hernandezi Sagrera. “The EU — Russia Readmission-Visa Facilitation Nexus: An Exportable Model for Eastern Europe?.” European Security 19/4 (2010): 569-584.
  • Raul, Hernandezi Sagrera. “Ustanovleniye Sotrudnichestva Mezhdu Yevropeyskim Soyuzom i Rossiyey po Voprosu Migratsii: Ot «Obshchikh Prostranstv» k Fakticheskoy Realizatsii.” Baltiyskiy Zhurnal (2011): 114-121.
  • Reçber, Kamuran. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku ve Temel Metinler. Bursa: Dora, 2018.
  • Riegert, Bernd. “AB-Rusya Zirvesi öncesinde Baltık krizi.” Erişim 21.07.2022. https://www.dw.com/tr/ab-rusya-zirvesi-%C3%B6ncesinde-balt%C4%B1k-krizi/a-2524940
  • Rompuy, Herman Van. “President of the European Council, at the Press Conference Following the EU — Russia Summit.” PCE 301/10. 2010. Erişim 08.03.2022. https://journals.kantiana.ru/eng/baltic_region/723/1937/
  • Russia-EU Summit. “Road Map on the Common Space of External Security.” Erişim 02.03.2022. http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/3589/print
  • Russia-EU Summit. “300th Anniversary of St.-Petersburg – Celebratingt Tree Centuries of Common European History and Culture.” Erişim 08.03.2022. http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/1674/print
  • “Svodka Osnovnykh Pokazateley Deyatel’nosti po Migratsionnoy Situatsii v Rossiyskoy Federatsii Za Yanvar’—Noyabr’ 2018 Goda.” MVD Rossii. Erişim 21.11.2022. https: //xn--b1aew.xn--p1ai/Deljatelnost/statistics/migracionnaya/item/15252649/
  • Schengen Visa Info. “2020 Country-Specific Schengen Visa Statistics.” Erişim 10.03.2022. https://statistics.schengenvisainfo.com/
  • Ultan, Mehlika Özlem. Avrupa Birliği’nde Yasa Dışı Göçün Önlenmesi ve Ülke Uygulamaları. Ankara: Nobel, 2016. Uluslararası Göç Örgütü. “Göç Terimler Sözlüğü.” No: 31, https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/iml31_turkish_2ndedition.pdf
  • Ülger, İrfan Kaya. Avrupa Birliği Rehberi. Kocaeli: Umuttepe, 2015.
  • Valentinoviç, Voinikov Vadim & Oleg Korneev. “Problemy i Perspektivy Bezvizovogo Dialoga Rossii i YeS.” Baltiyskiy Region (2013): 20-37.
  • Vink, Maarten & Paolo Graziano. “Europeanization: Challenges of a New Research Agenda.” Palgrave Macmillan (2007): 3-20.

GÖÇ VE GÖÇMEN MESELESİNİN AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ-RUSYA İLİŞKİLERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2024, , 87 - 103, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.48068/rusad.1401840

Abstract

Göç ve göçmen konusu sadece ulusal devletler için değil, aynı zamanda Avrupa Birliği (AB) için de sorun yaratmıştır. Özellikle Arap Baharı sonrasında göç ve göçmen sorunu AB’de yeniden ciddi bir şekilde hissedilmiştir. Daha sonra Belarus’ta yaşanan siyasi kriz ve Rusya’nın Ukrayna’yı işgal girişimi AB’de süregelen göç ve göçmen sorununu daha da derinleştirmiştir. Dolayısıyla Rusya, AB’nin göç ve göçmen sorununun önemli aktörlerinden biri olmuştur. Ayrıca göç ve göçmen sorunu Rusya’nın ulusal güvenliğini de tehdit eder hale gelmiştir. Bu çerçevede, uluslararası sistemin çok kutuplu ve birbirine bağlı yapısı, Rusya için hem AB hem AB üyesi ülkeler bazında bir dizi iç ve dış güvenlik sorununu gündeme getirmiştir. Bu sorunlar ulusal ve bölgesel güvenlik alanını giderek daha fazla etkilemiştir. Bu bağlamda, göç ve göçmenler konusunda AB ve Rusya arasındaki ilişkilerini ve iş birliğini analiz etmek önemli hale gelmiştir.
Çalışmada AB ve Rusya’nın göç ve göçmenlere ilişkin politika ve mevzuatları incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme, iki aktörün politika ve mevzuatlarının ortak ve ayırt edici özelliklerini tespit etmek amacıyla kapsamlı bir karşılaştırmalı analiz yoluyla gerçekleşmiştir. Dolayısıyla çalışma, göç ve göçmenler konusunda AB ve Rusya arasındaki ilişkileri ve iş birliği süreci ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda iki aktör arasında Ortaklık ve İş Birliği Anlaşması (OİA) ile başlayan ve daha sonra “Özgürlük, Güvenlik ve Adalet” alanlarındaki yol haritaları ile devam eden belgeler incelenmiş, bu belgelerin taraflar arasında daha sonraki geri kabul ve basitleştirme vize rejimi gibi anlaşmaların imzalanmasını sağlamıştır. AB ve Rusya arasında göçmenlere yönelik yaklaşımlarda farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. AB, yabancı vatandaşların haklarını ve ev sahibi toplumların yaşamına sosyo-ekonomik katılımlarını garanti altına alırken, Rusya göçmen entegrasyonuna kültürel, dilsel ve değerlere dayalı bir yaklaşım sergilemiştir.

References

  • Averre, Derek. “Russia and the European Union: Convergence or Divergence?.” European Security 14 /2(2005): 175-202.
  • Barroso, J. M. Durão. “Statement by the President of the European Commission Following the EU — Russia Summit.” SPEECH 10/734, 2010. Erişim 08.03.2022. https://www.academia.edu/80056360/Multiple_Dental_Abnormalities_in_a_Geriatric_Horse?uc-g-sw=76028140
  • Bauer, Michael, Christoph Knill & Diana Pitschel. “Differential Europeanisation in Eastern Europe: The Impact of Diverse EU Regulatory Governance Patterns.” Journal of European Integration 29/4(2007): 405-423. Baykal, Sanem & İlke Göçmen. Avrupa Birliği Kurumsal Hukuku. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları, 2016.
  • Bayram, Mehmet Hanifi. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku Dersleri. Ankara: Seçkin, 2019.
  • Benyon, John. “Policing the European Union: The Changing Basis of Cooperation on Law Enforcement.” International Affairs 70/3 (1994): 497-517.
  • Bisson, Lyubov Sergeyevna. “Integratsiya Immigrantov v YeS i Rossii: Raznitsa v Podkhodakh.” РАН 6 (2018): 112-118.
  • Coleman, Nils Philip. European Readmission Policy: Third Country Interests and Refugee Rights. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2009.
  • Common Strategy of the European Union. “Common Strategy of the European Union Russia (1999/ 414/CFSP).” Official Journal of the European Communities 157 (1999): 1-14.
  • Council of the European Union. “The Stockholm Programme – An Open and Secure Europe Serving and Protecting the Citizens.” 17024/09 (2009): 1-82.
  • Council of the European Union. “Decision of 30 October 1997 on the Conclusion of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement Between the European Communities and its Member States, on the One Part, and the Russian Federation.” Official Journal 327 (1997).
  • Çakmak, Cenap. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku. İstanbul: On İki Levha, 2017.
  • Davies, Karen. Understanding European Union Law. New York: Routledge, 2013.
  • Hein Donner, Piet, Johan Remkes & Rita Verdonk, “Common Basic Principles Integration Policy in the European Union: Press Release. Council of the European Union Minister for Integration and Immigration.” 2618th Council Meeting. 2004. Erişim 11.03.2022. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/PRES_04_321
  • European Commission. “What is the New Pact on Migration and Asylum of the EU?” Erişim 10.02.2024, https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/new-pact-migration-and-asylum_en
  • European Commission Migration and Home Affairs, “Common European Asylum System.” Erişim 09.02.2024, https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/common-european-asylum-system_en
  • European Parliament. “Tampere European Council 15 and 16 October 1999 Presidency Conclusions.” Erişim 11.03.2022. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/tam_en.htm
  • “EUROPOL,” Erişim 13.09.2023. https://www.europol.europa.eu/executive-director-of-europol
  • Günay, Halil. “Yunanistan Örneği Üzerinden Uluslararası Göç Meselesine ve Mevzuatına Dair Bir Değerlendirme.” Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Akademik İzdüşüm Dergisi 6/2 (2021): 58-74.
  • “Güvenli, Düzenli ve Düzenli Göç için Küresel İlkeler Sözleşmesi.” Birleşmiş Milletler. Erişim 04.12.2023. https://www.goc.gov.tr/kurumlar/goc.gov.tr/files/k%C3%BCresel%20g%C3%B6%C3%A7%20mutabakat%C4%B1.pdf
  • “Immigrant Integration.” Migration Policy Institute. Erişim 04.12.2023. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/topics/immigrant-integration
  • International Organization for Migration. “World Migratıon Report 2018.” The UN Migration Agency (2017). 19. Erişim 04.12.2023. https://www.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl486/files/country/docs/china/r5_world_migration_report_2018_en.pdf
  • Ülger, İrfan Kaya. Avrupa Birliği’nin ABC’si, Ankara: Sinemis, 2007.
  • İsmayilov, Elnur. “21. Yüzyıl Rusya Dış Politika Doktrinleri’nde Güney Kafkasya ve Orta Asya Değerlendirmesi.” Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasi Bilimler Dergisi 1/1(2013): 87-106.
  • Kamalov, İlyas. Putin’in Rusya’sı: KGB’den Devlet Başkanlığına. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 2004.
  • Koçak, Orhan & R. Demet Gündüz. “Avrupa Birliği Göç Politikaları ve Göçmenlerin Sosyal Olarak İçerilmelerine Etkisi.” Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 7/12 (2016): 66-91.
  • Köktaş, Arif. “Özgürlük, Güvenlik ve Adalet Alanı.” Avrupa Birliği Tarihçe, Teoriler, Kurumlar ve Politikalar içinde, ed. Belgin Akçay & İlke Göçmen, 491-521. Ankara: Seçkin, 2016.
  • Maximova S. G., D. A. Omelchenko & O. E. Noyanzina. “International Migration in Border Regions of Russia: Structural Modeling of Public Attitudes.” RUDN Journal of Sociology 19/4 (2019): 737-755.
  • Mihaylovna, Alekseeva Polina & Naymoviç Yulia Arturovna. “Rossiya i Yevropeyskiy Soyuz: Istoriya i Perspektivy Razvitiya Otnosheniy.” Vestnik Nauki i Obrazovaniya 3/57 (2019): 51-56.
  • Nikolaevna Molodikova Irina, Lyalina Anna Valentinovna & Emelyanova Larisa Leonidovna. “Vzaimodeystviye c Diasporami i Diasporal’nymi Organizatsiyami Kak Klyuch k Uspeshnoy Politike Integratsii Migrantov v YeS.” Baltıyskiy Region 10/3 (2018): 58-79.
  • Musaoğlu Neziha & Uğur Özgöker. “Rusya-AB İlişkilerinde Stratejik Ortaklıktan Stratejik Depresyona.” Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi 4/8 (2008): 73-98.
  • “Council Decision of 19 April 2007 on the Conclusion of the Agreement Between the European Community and the Russian Federation on the Facilitation of Issuance of Short-Stay Visas.” Official Journal of the European Communities 129/25 (12007): 1-68.
  • “Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation Establishing a Partnership Between the European Communities and Their Member States, of One Part, and the Russian Federation, of the Other Part.” Official Journal of the European Communities 327/3 (1997): 1-44.
  • Official Journal of the European Union. “Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union.” Official Journal 191 (1992): 29-42.
  • Poletaev, D. V. “Ot Nedoveriya K SolidarnostiIli Novomu Nedoveriyu? Migratsionnyy Opyt Rossii v Mirovom Kontekste.” Valdai 97 (2018): 1-23.
  • Proyekt Federal’nogo Zakona. “O Sotsial’noy i Kul’turnoy Adaptatsii i Integratsii Inostrannykh Grazhdan v Rossiyskoy Federatsii.” Federal’nyy Zakon. Erişim 19.11.2022. https://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=PRJ&n=116341#c9uMeGUHX3OkjbZT
  • Potapenkova, Irina V. “Migratsionnoye Regulirovaniye v YeS: Integratsionnyye Predposylki i Problemy Pravovogo Obespecheniya.” Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii 4 (2018): 176-178.
  • Raul, Hernandezi Sagrera. “The EU — Russia Readmission-Visa Facilitation Nexus: An Exportable Model for Eastern Europe?.” European Security 19/4 (2010): 569-584.
  • Raul, Hernandezi Sagrera. “Ustanovleniye Sotrudnichestva Mezhdu Yevropeyskim Soyuzom i Rossiyey po Voprosu Migratsii: Ot «Obshchikh Prostranstv» k Fakticheskoy Realizatsii.” Baltiyskiy Zhurnal (2011): 114-121.
  • Reçber, Kamuran. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku ve Temel Metinler. Bursa: Dora, 2018.
  • Riegert, Bernd. “AB-Rusya Zirvesi öncesinde Baltık krizi.” Erişim 21.07.2022. https://www.dw.com/tr/ab-rusya-zirvesi-%C3%B6ncesinde-balt%C4%B1k-krizi/a-2524940
  • Rompuy, Herman Van. “President of the European Council, at the Press Conference Following the EU — Russia Summit.” PCE 301/10. 2010. Erişim 08.03.2022. https://journals.kantiana.ru/eng/baltic_region/723/1937/
  • Russia-EU Summit. “Road Map on the Common Space of External Security.” Erişim 02.03.2022. http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/3589/print
  • Russia-EU Summit. “300th Anniversary of St.-Petersburg – Celebratingt Tree Centuries of Common European History and Culture.” Erişim 08.03.2022. http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/1674/print
  • “Svodka Osnovnykh Pokazateley Deyatel’nosti po Migratsionnoy Situatsii v Rossiyskoy Federatsii Za Yanvar’—Noyabr’ 2018 Goda.” MVD Rossii. Erişim 21.11.2022. https: //xn--b1aew.xn--p1ai/Deljatelnost/statistics/migracionnaya/item/15252649/
  • Schengen Visa Info. “2020 Country-Specific Schengen Visa Statistics.” Erişim 10.03.2022. https://statistics.schengenvisainfo.com/
  • Ultan, Mehlika Özlem. Avrupa Birliği’nde Yasa Dışı Göçün Önlenmesi ve Ülke Uygulamaları. Ankara: Nobel, 2016. Uluslararası Göç Örgütü. “Göç Terimler Sözlüğü.” No: 31, https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/iml31_turkish_2ndedition.pdf
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THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION AND MIGRANT ISSUE ON EUROPEAN UNION-RUSSIA RELATIONS

Year 2024, , 87 - 103, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.48068/rusad.1401840

Abstract

The issue of migration and migrants has created problems not only for national states but also for the European Union (EU). Especially in the aftermath of the Arab Spring, the problem of migration and migrants was again seriously felt in the EU. Later, the political crisis in Belarus and Russia’s attempt to invade Ukraine deepened the ongoing migration and migrant problem in the EU. Therefore, Russia has been one of the important actors in the EU’s migration and migrant problem. In addition, the migration and migrant problem has also threatened Russia’s national security. In this framework, the multipolar and interconnected structure of the international system has raised a series of internal and external security issues for Russia on the basis of both the EU and EU member states. These issues have increasingly affected the national and regional security sphere. In this context, it is important to analyse the relations and cooperation between the EU and Russia on migration and migrants.
This study analyses the policies and legislation of the EU and Russia on migration and migrants. This examination was carried out through a comprehensive comparative analysis in order to identify the common and distinctive features of the policies and legislation of the two actors. Therefore, the study analyses the relations and cooperation process between the EU and Russia on migration and migrants. In this context, the documents that started with the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PTA) between the two actors and continued with the roadmaps in the fields of “Freedom, Security and Justice” were analysed, which led to the signing of subsequent agreements between the parties such as readmission and simplified visa regime. Differences in approaches to migrants between the EU and Russia were identified. While the EU guarantees the rights of foreign citizens and their socio-economic participation in the life of host societies, Russia has adopted a cultural, linguistic and values-based approach to migrant integration.

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There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects International Relations (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Halil Günay 0000-0003-1503-7415

Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date December 7, 2023
Acceptance Date June 19, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Chicago Günay, Halil. “GÖÇ VE GÖÇMEN MESELESİNİN AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ-RUSYA İLİŞKİLERİNE ETKİSİ”. Rusya Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 11 (June 2024): 87-103. https://doi.org/10.48068/rusad.1401840.

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